Izilonda Zamehlo Ezilumayo

-Delile

• Kungani amehlo ami elunywa kangaka?
• Ziyini izimpawu zokuphendula okweqile?
• I-conjunctivitis yesikhashana yokungezwani komzimba
• I-conjunctivitis engapheli yokugula
• I-kernatoconjunctivitis yangaphakathi
• I-ateric keratoconjunctivitis
• Xhumana ne-conjunctivitis yokungezwani komzimba
• I-Giant papillary conjunctivitis
• Ukwelashwa kokungezwani komzimba okukhanyayo
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Antihistamine
• Ama-Corticosteroids
• Ama-mast cell stabilizers
• Ukuvimbela ekhaya
• Ngingasusa kanjani ukungezwani komzimba kwami?
• Ukudubula komzimba
• Ukwelashwa komzimba okungaphansi komhlaba
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Kungani amehlo ami elunywa kangaka?

Uma uhlangabezana namehlo alumayo ngaphandle kwesizathu esikhomba kalula, ungahle ube nokungezwani komzimba okuthinta amehlo akho. Ukungezwani komzimba kwenzeka lapho amasosha akho omzimba engakwazi ukucubungula okuthile emvelweni - noma akubone ukuthi kuyingozi futhi kweqisa.

Lokhu kungenzeka lapho izinto zangaphandle (ezibizwa ngama-allergen) zihlangana namangqamuzana amehlo akho. Lawa maseli aphendula ngokukhipha amakhemikhali amaningi, kufaka phakathi i-histamine, edala ukusabela okweqile.

Ama-allergen ahlukahlukene angadala ukusabela okweqile emehlweni akho, kufaka phakathi:

• impova evela otshanini, ezihlahleni, noma ku-ragweed
• uthuli
• dander isilwane
• isikhunta
• intuthu
• amakha noma izimonyo

Ziyini izimpawu zokuphendula okweqile?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokwaliwa komzimba. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezimpawu zalo.

I-conjunctivitis yesikhashana yokungezwani komzimba

I-allergenic conjunctivitis yesizini (i-SAC) uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokungezwani komzimba nesifo. Abantu bavame ukuzwa izimpawu entwasahlobo, ehlobo, noma ekwindla, kuya ngohlobo lwempova esemoyeni.

Izimpawu ze-SAC zifaka:

• ukulunywa
• ukuhlaba / ukushisa
• ububomvu
• ukuphuma kwamanzi

I-conjunctivitis engapheli yokugula

Izimpawu ze-perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC) ziyefana ne-SAC, kodwa zenzeka unyaka wonke futhi zivame ukuba mnene kakhulu. Omunye umehluko omkhulu ukuthi ukusabela kwe-PAC kuvame ukubangelwa ama-allergen asendlini, njengothuli nesikhunta, ngokungafani nempova.

I-kernatoconjunctivitis yangaphakathi

I-Vernal keratoconjunctivitis iyinkinga yokungezwani komzimba ebucayi engenzeka unyaka wonke. Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, ingalimaza kakhulu umbono wakho.

Izimpawu zivame ukuba zimbi kakhulu ngezikhathi ezivelele zokungezwani komzimba, futhi ukungezwani komzimba kubonakala ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa abasebasha. I-Vernal keratoconjunctivitis nayo ivame ukuhambisana ne-eczema noma i-asthma, kanye ne:

• ukulunywa kanzima
• amafinyila aminyene nokukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi okuphezulu
• ukuzwa komzimba wangaphandle (uzizwa sengathi unokuthile esweni lakho)
• ukuzwela ukukhanya

I-ateric keratoconjunctivitis

I-atopic keratoconjunctivitis ifana ne-vernal keratoconjunctivitis, ngaphandle kokuthi kuvame ukubonwa ezigulini ezindala. Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, kungaholela ekulimaleni ku-cornea yakho.

Xhumana ne-conjunctivitis yokungezwani komzimba

Xhumana ne-conjunctivitis ye-allergen kungumphumela wokucasulwa kwelensi yokuxhumana. Izimpawu zifaka:

• ukulunywa
• ububomvu
• amafinyila ekukhishweni kweso
• ukungakhululeki ukugqoka amalensi wokuxhumana

I-Giant papillary conjunctivitis

I-Giant papillary conjunctivitis iyindlela ebucayi yokuxhumana ne-allergen conjunctivitis lapho amasaka oketshezi efomeni elingaphakathi elingaphezulu.

Izimpawu ngaphezu kwalezo zokuxhumana ne-conjunctivitis yokungezwani zihlanganisa:

• ukukhukhumeza
• ukudwengula
• ukungaboni kahle
• ukuzwa komzimba wangaphandle

Ukwelashwa kokungezwani komzimba okukhanyayo

Izinketho zokwelashwa ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngobukhulu bokusabela kwakho, kanye nohlobo lokuphendula. Imishanguzo yokungezwani komzimba namehlo akho iza ngesimo sodokotela noma i-over-the-counter (OTC) eye amaconsi, kanye namaphilisi noma uketshezi.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Antihistamine

Imithi yokwelapha i-antihistamine yimithi esiza ukuvimba i-histamine, ikhemikhali elijwayele ukubangela ukusabela okweqile. Udokotela wakho angancoma ama-antihistamine omlomo njenge:

• i-cetirizine (Zyrtec)
• I-loratadine (Claritin)
• i-fexofenadine (Allegra)
• i-levocetirizine (Xyzal)
• i-diphenhydramine noma i-chlorpheniramine (imvamisa kubangela ukozela)

Udokotela wakho futhi angancoma amaconsi wamehlo afana nalawa:

• i-azelastine (Optivar)
• i-pheniramine / naphazoline (i-Visine-A)
• i-ketotifen (Alaway)
• i-olopatadine (Pataday)

Uma iso lakho lilahla ukuluma noma ukusha, cabanga ukusebenzisa amaconsi okufakelwa izinyembezi asefrijini ngaphambi kwalawo afakwe umuthi.

Ama-Corticosteroids

• Amaconsi wamehlo e-Corticosteroid - njenge-prednisone (i-Omnipred) - ahlinzeke ngosizo ngokucindezela ukuvuvukala
• I-loteprednol (Alrex)
• i-fluorometholone (i-Flarex)

Ama-mast cell stabilizers

Ukwelashwa kwe-Mast cell stabilizer kuyinto amathonsi wamehlo kadokotela asetshenziswa kakhulu lapho ama-antihistamine engasebenzi. Le mithi imisa amakhemikhali anciphisa ukusabela akhipha kumasosha akho omzimba. Kubandakanya:

• i-cromolyn (Crolom)
• i-lodoxamide (Alomide)
• i-nedocromil (Alocril)

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi abanye abantu bayazwela kumakhemikhali okulondoloza kumaconsi wamehlo. Kulokhu, udokotela noma usokhemisi wakho uzophakamisa amaconsi angagciniwe.

Ezinye izinketho zokwelashwa zokusiza ukungezwani komzimba okujwayelekile zifaka izifutho zamakhala, ama-inhalers, kanye nokhilimu besikhumba.

Ukuvimbela ekhaya

Ngokuya ngohlobo lokungezwani komzimba onalo, kunezinyathelo ezimbalwa ongazithatha ukuvimbela ukungezwani komzimba kwakho nokuqhuma.

• Ukungezwani kwempova. Gwema ukuya ngaphandle ngezinsuku ezinezibalo eziphezulu zempova. Sebenzisa i-air conditioning (uma unayo) futhi ugcine amawindi akho evaliwe ukugcina indlu yakho ingenampova.
• Ukungezwani komzimba. Umswakama ophezulu wenza ukuthi isikhunta sikhule, ngakho-ke gcina izinga lomswakama endlini yakho lizungeze amaphesenti angama-30 kuye kwangama-50. Ama-dehumidifiers ayasiza ekulawuleni umswakama wasekhaya.
• Uthuli komzimba. Zivikele ezintuthwaneni, ikakhulukazi ekamelweni lakho lokulala. Embhedeni wakho, sebenzisa amashidi nezembozo zomcamelo ezihlukaniswa njengokunciphisa i-allergen. Geza amashidi nemicamelo yakho njalo usebenzisa amanzi ashisayo.
• Ukungezwani nezilwane ezifuywayo. Gcina izilwane ngaphandle kwekhaya lakho ngangokunokwenzeka. Qiniseka ukuthi ugeza izandla nezingubo zakho ngamandla ngemuva kokuhlangana nanoma iziphi izilwane.

Ngokuvikela okujwayelekile, hlanza izitezi zakho usebenzisa i-mop noma i-rag enomswakama, esikhundleni somshanelo, ukuze ubambe izingulube komzimba kangcono. Futhi gwema ukugcoba amehlo akho, ngoba lokhu kuzomane kuwacasule ngokuqhubekayo.

Ngingasusa kanjani ukungezwani komzimba kwami?

Ngenkathi kunezindlela eziningana zokuvimbela ukungezwani komzimba nokuqhuma, kunezindlela zokuthuthukisa ukuzwela kwakho komzimba ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba ne-allergen.

I-Allergen immunotherapy ukwenyuka kancane kancane kokuchayeka kuma-allergen ahlukile. Ilusizo ikakhulukazi ekungezelweni komzimba kwemvelo, njengempova, isikhunta nothuli.

Inhloso ukuqeqesha amasosha akho omzimba ukuthi angasabeli uma kukhona izinto ezingezwani nomzimba. Kuvame ukusetshenziswa lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi. Izinhlobo ze-allergen immunotherapy zifaka ama-allergies shots kanye ne-sublimation immunotherapy.

Ukudubula komzimba

Ama-allergy shots ajwayelekile ukujova kwe-allergen kanye noma kabili ngesonto izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha zokuqala, uchungechunge lwamashothi wokulungisa luzoqhubeka nokunikezwa kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu, yize lokhu kunikezwa kaningi kakhulu. Eminye imiphumela emibi ifaka ukucasuka ezungeze indawo yomjovo, kanye nezimpawu ezijwayelekile zokungezwani komzimba njengokuthimula noma isifuba.

Ukwelashwa komzimba okungaphansi komhlaba

I-sublingual immunotherapy (i-SLIT) ifaka ukufaka ithebhulethi ngaphansi kolimi lwakho nokuyivumela ukuthi ingene. Lawa maphilisi aqukethe impova evela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zotshani, kufaka phakathi i-ragweed emfushane, ingadi yezithelo, i-rye engapheli, i-sweet vernal, i-timothy ne-Kentucky blue.

Ikakhulukazi yokungezwani nempova, le ndlela ikhombise ukunciphisa isiminyaminya, ukucasuka kwamehlo, nezinye izimpawu ze-hay fever lapho kwenziwa nsuku zonke. Ngokwengeziwe, i-SLIT ingavimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifuba somoya futhi ingahle ithuthukise izimpawu ezihlobene nesifuba somoya.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Uma izimpawu zakho zokungezwani komzimba ezingekho esimeni esikahle ezingatholi zingcono, noma amakhambi e-OTC awanikezi ukukhululeka, cabanga ngokubona umuntu owaliwa nezifo. Bangabuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha, benze izivivinyo ukuveza noma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba, futhi baphakamise izindlela zokwelashwa ezifanele.