Ukunwetshwa Kwe-Atrial Kwesobunxele: Yini Okuyibangelayo Futhi Kuphathwa Kanjani?

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?
• Kutholakala kanjani?
• Kubangelwa yini lokhu?
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophezulu)
• Ukungasebenzi kwe-mitral valve
• Ukungasebenzi kwe-ventricle engakwesokunxele
• I-Atrial fibrillation
• Izinkinga zalesi simo
• Iphathwa kanjani?
• Amathiphu okuvimbela
• Amathiphu
  
• Uyini umbono?

Ukubuka konke

I-atrium engakwesokunxele ingelinye lamagumbi amane enhliziyo. Itholakala engxenyeni engenhla yenhliziyo nangakwesokunxele komzimba wakho.

I-atrium yesobunxele ithola igazi elisanda kungeniswa umoya-mpilo emaphashini akho. Libe selimpompa leli gazi liye ku-ventricle engakwesokunxele nge-mitral valve. Kusuka ku-ventricle wesobunxele, igazi elicebile nge-oxygen likhishwa nge-aortic valve ukuze lisatshalaliswe ezicutshini zomzimba wakho ngohlelo lwakho lokujikeleza kwegazi.

Kwezinye izimo, i-atrium yesobunxele ingakhuliswa. Funda ukuze uthole ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka nokuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?

Abanye abantu abane-atrium ekhulisiwe bangase bangabi nazimpawu. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu, zingafaka:

• ukuphelelwa umoya
• i-arrhythmia (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile)
• ukuvuvukala
• ubuhlungu besifuba
• ukuquleka

Kutholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho angathola ukwanda kwe-atrium yangakwesobunxele esebenzisa indlela yokucabanga ebizwa nge- echocardiography. I-echocardiogram isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuthatha izithombe zesakhiwo senhliziyo yakho.

Ngesikhathi se-echocardiogram, ulele phezu kwetafula ngenkathi udokotela ebeka ama-electrode amancane esifubeni sakho. Udokotela ube esedlulisa iphenyo esifubeni sakho. Iphenyo ikhiqiza amagagasi omsindo aqhuma enhliziyweni yakho bese ebuyela kuphenyo. Imininingwane ebuyiselwe kuphenyo bese iphendulwa izithombe eziboniswa esikrinini egumbini.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-CT ne-MRI kungasetshenziselwa ukuxilongwa kokukhuliswa kwe-atrial kwesokunxele.

Kubangelwa yini lokhu?

Izici ezilandelayo zingathonya usayizi we-atrium yesobunxele:

• Ubudala. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuguga okuvamile uqobo akuyona imbangela. Esikhundleni salokho, izinguquko ezenzeka emzimbeni wakho njengoba uneminyaka yobudala zingathonya usayizi we-atrium yesobunxele.
• Ubulili. Abesilisa ngokuvamile bane-atrium enkulu yesokunxele kunabesifazane.
• Usayizi womzimba. Ubukhulu be-atrium yesobunxele buyanda ngosayizi womzimba.

Lezi zimo ezilandelayo zingaholela ekwandisweni kwe-atrium yesobunxele:

Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophezulu)

Ukwandiswa kwe-atrial kwesobunxele kuvame ukubakhona kubantu abane-high blood pressure. Ukubuyekezwa kwezifundo eziyi-15 kule minyaka eyi-12 edlule kutholakale ukuthi ukukhuliswa kwe-atrial kwesokunxele kukhona kumaphesenti ayi-16 kuya kwangama-83 abantu abaphethwe noma abangalashwa umfutho wegazi ophezulu. Zama ukufaka lokhu kudla ekudleni kwakho uma une-hypertension.

Ukungasebenzi kwe-mitral valve

Izimo ezimbalwa ezibandakanya i-mitral valve zingaholela ekwandisweni kwe-atrial kwesokunxele. I-mitral valve ixhuma i-atrium yesobunxele ne-ventricle yesobunxele.

Ku-mitral stenosis, i-mitral valve incishisiwe. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthi i-ventricle yangakwesobunxele igcwaliswe.

Ekuvuseleleni kabusha kwe-mitral, igazi liyavuza liphume ku-ventricle wesobunxele futhi lihlehlele emuva e-atrium yesobunxele. Lesi simo singadalwa yizinkinga zesakhiwo noma ezisebenzayo nge-mitral valve noma i-ventricle engakwesokunxele.

Kuzo zombili i-mitral stenosis kanye nokuvuselelwa kabusha kwe-mitral, kunzima kakhulu kwi-atrium yesobunxele ukupompa igazi ku-ventricle engakwesokunxele. Lokhu kungaholela ekwandeni kwengcindezi ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele, nayo eholele ekwandisweni.

Ukungasebenzi kwe-ventricle engakwesokunxele

Uma kunenkinga nge-ventricle yakho yangakwesobunxele, ingcindezi ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele izokhula ukuze ukwazi ukugcwalisa i-ventricle efanele ngakwesobunxele. Lokhu kwanda kwengcindezi kungaholela ekwandisweni kwe-atrium yesobunxele. Kulokhu, inani lokukhuliswa kwe-atrium yesobunxele lingaveza izinga lokungasebenzi kahle kwe-ventricle yesobunxele.

I-Atrial fibrillation

Le arrhythmia (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile) okwandisa ubungozi bokushaywa unhlangothi nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Kulesi simo, amakamelo amabili aphezulu enhliziyo yakho, noma i-atria, ashaya ngaphandle kokuvumelanisa namagumbi amabili aphansi, noma ama-ventricles. I-Atrial fibrillation ingenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile, noma ingahlala unomphela.

Akucaci ukuthi i-fibrillation ye-atrial iyimbangela noma inkinga yokukhuliswa kwe-atrial kwesokunxele.

Izinkinga zalesi simo

Ukwandiswa kwe-atrium yangakwesobunxele kuhlotshaniswe nemiphumela emibi yezimo zenhliziyo ezilandelayo:

• I-Atrial fibrillation. Lokhu kuhlotshaniswa nokufa okwandayo futhi kubhalwe ohlwini njengezimbangela nezinkinga zokukhuliswa kwe-atrial kwesokunxele. Omunye uthole ukuthi njalo ukukhuphuka kwamamilimitha ama-5 kububanzi be-atrium yangakwesobunxele kwandisa amathuba okuba ne-atrial fibrillation ngamaphesenti angama-39.
• Unhlangothi. Kubantu abadala, ukwanda kwesayizi ye-atrium yesobunxele kwatholakala ukuthi kwakubikezela ngokuzimela isifo sohlangothi sokuqala. Ingozi yokushaywa unhlangothi iyanda uma umuntu futhi ene-atrial fibrillation.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo yokubopha. Umuntu wabantu asebekhulile uthole ukuthi usayizi we-atrium yangakwesokunxele wawubikezela ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okucinanayo.

Iphathwa kanjani?

Lapho nje ukukhuliswa kwe-atrial sekwenzekile, ukwelashwa kuzungeze ukubhekana nezimbangela zako.

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ungelashwa ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• uthatha imishanguzo, njenge-beta-blockers, i-calcium channel blockers, i-alpha-beta-blockers, kanye ne-diuretics
• ukudla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo
• ukukhawulela usawoti
• ukusebenza ngokomzimba nokugcina isisindo esinempilo
• ukunciphisa umkhawulo wotshwala
• ukulawula ukucindezeleka

Ukwelashwa kwe-mitral stenosis kungabandakanya:

• isigqi nemithi yokulawula isilinganiso
• isisu
• imishanguzo yokuvimbela amahlule egazi
• ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa noma ukushintshwa kwe-mitral valve ezimweni ezinkulu

Udokotela wakho angancoma ukuhlinzwa uma une-mitral regurgitation enezimpawu. Ungase futhi weluleke ukuthi uhlinzwe uma ungenazo izimpawu kodwa kunobufakazi bokungasebenzi kahle kwe-ventricle engakwesokunxele.

Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezingenzeka ze-fibrillation ye-atrial. Ezinye zazo zingabandakanya:

• isigqi nemithi yokulawula isilinganiso
• imishanguzo yokuvimbela amahlule egazi
• inqubo kagesi yokuphefumula ukuze usethe kabusha inhliziyo ngogesi lapho imithi ingasebenzi
• inqubo yokukhipha umthambo wamaphaphu lapho imishanguzo ingabekezelelwa noma ingasebenzi
• ukufakelwa kwenhliziyo yokushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane

Amathiphu okuvimbela

Kunezindlela zokwehlisa ubungozi bokukhulisa ukukhuliswa kwe-atrial nezinkinga zayo.

Amathiphu

• Gcina umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-cholesterol ephezulu ilawulwa.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo enhliziyweni.
• Gwema ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yotshwala nogwayi.
• Gcina indlela yokuphila esebenzayo.
• Zama ukwehlisa isisindo uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile.
• Nciphisa ukucindezeleka, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni zokushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Yazisa udokotela wakho uma unomlando womndeni wezinhliziyo noma izimo zenhliziyo.

Uyini umbono?

Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha zezimo ezibangela ukukhuliswa kwe-atrial kwesokunxele. Lokhu kusuka emithini nasekushintsheni kwendlela yokuphila kuya ekungeneleleni kokuhlinzwa. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukwelashwa kwalesi simo kuhambisana nokwelashwa kwezimo ezisidalile.

Lapho usutholwe ukuthi unokwandiswa kwemithambo engakwesobunxele, ungaba sengozini yezinkinga ezengeziwe zenhliziyo uma ungathathi izinyathelo zokugcina izimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-arrhythmias ekulawuleni.

Uma unomlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo noma sezimo zenhliziyo, qiniseka ukuthi wazise udokotela wakho ukuze bakwazi ukuqapha impilo yakho yenhliziyo.