Kuchazwa Ukwesaba Okuvamile Nokuyingqayizivele

-Delile

• Uhlu lwama-phobias ajwayelekile
• Ama-phobias ahlukile
• Isibalo sakho konke ukwesaba kuze kube manje
• Ukwelapha i-phobia
• Ukuthatha

Ukubuka konke

I-phobia ukwesaba okungenangqondo kokuthile okungenzeka ukuthi kulimaze. Igama ngokwalo livela egameni lesiGreki phobos, okuchaza uvalo noma ukwethuka.

I-Hydrophobia, isibonelo, ihumusha ngokoqobo ukwesaba amanzi.

Lapho othile ene-phobia, baba nokwesaba okukhulu ngento ethile noma isimo esithile. I-Phobias yehlukile kunokwesaba okujwayelekile ngoba kubangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu, mhlawumbe kuphazamise impilo yasekhaya, emsebenzini, noma esikoleni.

Abantu abane-phobias bagwema ngenkuthalo into noma isimo se-phobic, noma bayikhuthazelele ngokwesaba okukhulu noma ukukhathazeka.

I-Phobias uhlobo lwesifo sokukhathazeka. Izinkinga zokukhathazeka zivame kakhulu. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi zithinta ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-30 abantu abadala base-U.S. Ngesikhathi esithile ezimpilweni zabo.

Kwi-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), i-American Psychiatric Association ibeka ama-phobias amaningi kakhulu.

I-Agoraphobia, ukwesaba izindawo noma izimo ezibangela ukwesaba noma ukungabi nalusizo, kuvezwa njengokwesaba okuvame kakhulu ngokuxilongwa kwayo okuhlukile. Ama-phobias ezenhlalo, okuwukwesaba okuhlobene nezimo zenhlalo, nawo akhethwa ngokuxilongwa okuyingqayizivele.

Ama-phobias athile ayisigaba esibanzi sama-phobias ahlukile ahlobene nezinto ezithile nezimo ezithile. Ama-phobias athile athinta amaphesenti alinganiselwa ku-12.5 abantu abadala baseMelika.

I-Phobias iza ngazo zonke izinhlobo nobukhulu. Ngoba kukhona inani elingapheli lezinto nezimo, uhlu lwama-phobias athile lude impela.

Ngokuya nge-DSM, ama-phobias athile awela ngaphansi kwezigaba ezinhlanu ezijwayelekile:

• ukwesaba okuhlobene nezilwane (izicabucabu, izinja, izinambuzane)
• ukwesaba okuhlobene nemvelo yemvelo (ukuphakama, ukuduma, ubumnyama)
• ukwesaba okuhlobene negazi, ukulimala, noma izindaba zezokwelapha (imijovo, amathambo aphukile, ukuwa)
• ukwesaba okuhlobene nezimo ezithile (ukundiza, ukugibela ikheshi, ukushayela)
• okunye (ukuklinya, imisindo ephezulu, ukuminza)

Lezi zigaba zihlanganisa inani elingapheli lezinto ezithile nezimo ezithile.

Alukho uhlu olusemthethweni lwama-phobias ngaphesheya kwalokho okuchazwe ku-DSM, ngakho-ke odokotela nabaphenyi bazenzela amagama njengoba kunesidingo. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngokuhlanganisa isiqalo sesiGreki (noma kwesinye isikhathi isiLatini) esichaza i-phobia ne -phobia Isijobelelo.

Isibonelo, ukwesaba amanzi kuzobizwa ngokuhlanganisa i-hydro (amanzi) kanye ukwesaba (uvalo).

Kukhona futhi into efana nokwesaba ukwesaba (phobophobia). Lokhu empeleni kuvame kakhulu kunalokho ongakucabanga.

Abantu abanezinkinga zokukhathazeka kwesinye isikhathi bahlangabezana nokuhlaselwa ukwethuka uma besezimweni ezithile. Lokhu kuhlaselwa ukwethuka kungangakhululeki ukuthi abantu benze konke okusemandleni abo ukukugwema ngokuzayo.

Isibonelo, uma uhlaselwa ukwesaba ngenkathi uhamba ngomkhumbi, ungasaba ukuhamba ngomkhumbi ngokuzayo, kepha futhi ungasaba ukuhlaselwa ukwethuka noma wesabe ukuthuthukisa i-hydrophobia.

Uhlu lwama-phobias ajwayelekile

Ukufunda ama-phobias athile kuyinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi. Iningi labantu alufuni ukwelashwa ngalezi zimo, ngakho-ke amacala ikakhulukazi awabikwa.

Lezi phobias nazo ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwamasiko, ubulili, nobudala.

Ucwaningo lwango-1998 lwabaphenduli abangaphezu kuka-8,000 olushicilelwe lathola ukuthi amanye ama-phobias avame kakhulu afaka:

• i-acrophobia, ukwesaba izindawo eziphakeme
• i-aerophobia, ukwesaba ukundiza
• i-arachnophobia, ukwesaba izicabucabu
• i-astraphobia, ukwesaba ukuduma kwezulu nombani
• ukuzithiba, ukwesaba ukuba wedwa
• i-claustrophobia, ukwesaba izindawo ezivalekile noma ezigcwele
• i-hemophobia, ukwesaba igazi
• i-hydrophobia, ukwesaba amanzi
• i-ophidiophobia, ukwesaba izinyoka
• zoophobia, ukwesaba izilwane

Ama-phobias ahlukile

Ama-phobias athile ajwayele ukucaciswa ngokumangazayo. Ezinye kangangoba zingathinta kuphela idlanzana labantu ngasikhathi.

Lokhu kunzima ukukukhomba ngoba abantu abaningi ababiki ukwesaba okungajwayelekile kodokotela babo.

Izibonelo zamanye ama-phobias angajwayelekile afaka:

• alektorophobia, ukwesaba izinkukhu
• i-onomatophobia, ukwesaba amagama
• pogonophobia, ukwesaba izintshebe
• nephophobia, ukwesaba amafu
• i-cryophobia, ukwesaba iqhwa noma ukubanda

Isibalo sakho konke ukwesaba kuze kube manje

Ukwelapha i-phobia

I-Phobias iphathwa ngenhlanganisela yokwelashwa nemithi.

Uma unentshisekelo yokuthola ukwelashwa kwe-phobia yakho, kufanele wenze i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wezengqondo noma uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe wezempilo yengqondo.

Ukwelashwa okuphumelela kakhulu kwama-phobias athile uhlobo lwe-psychotherapy olubizwa nge-exposure therapy. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokuchayeka, usebenza nodokotela wezengqondo ukuze ufunde ukuthi ungazikhulula kanjani entweni noma esimweni osesabayo.

Lokhu kwelashwa kukusiza ukuthi ushintshe imicabango nemizwa yakho ngento noma isimo, ukuze ufunde ukulawula ukusabela kwakho.

Inhloso ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho ukuze ungasavinjelwa noma ucindezelwe ukwesaba kwakho.

Ukwelashwa kokuveza akuyona into esabisayo njengoba kungazwakala ekuqaleni. Le nqubo yenziwa ngosizo lochwepheshe oqeqeshiwe wezempilo yengqondo, okwaziyo ukukuqondisa kancane emazingeni akhulayo okuchayeka ahambisana nokuzivocavoca umzimba.

Uma wesaba izicabucabu, uzoqala ngokumane ucabange ngezicabucabu noma izimo lapho ungahlangabezana nazo. Ngemuva kwalokho ungaqhubekela ezithombeni noma kumavidiyo. Bese mhlawumbe uye endaweni lapho izicabucabu zingaba khona, njengaphansi kwendlu noma indawo enokhuni.

Kuzothatha isikhathi ngaphambi kokuthi empeleni ucelwe ukuthi ubheke noma uthinte isicabucabu.

Udokotela wakho angancoma imishanguzo ethile yokunciphisa ukukhathazeka engakusiza ekwelashweni kokuchayeka. Ngenkathi le mithi ingeyona indlela yokwelashwa kwama-phobias, ingasiza ekwenzeni ukwelashwa kokuvezwa kungakhathazi kakhulu.

Imithi engasiza ukunciphisa imizwa engakhululekile yokukhathazeka, ukwesaba, nokwethuka ifaka i-beta-blockers kanye ne-benzodiazepines.

Ukuthatha

I-Phobias wukwesaba okuphikelelayo, okunamandla, nokungenangqondo kwento ethile noma isimo esithile. Ama-phobias athile ahlobene nezinto ezithile nezimo ezithile. Ngokuvamile zifaka ukwesaba okuhlobene nezilwane, izindawo zemvelo, izingqinamba zezokwelapha, noma izimo ezithile.

Ngenkathi ama-phobias engakhululekile futhi eyinselele enkulu, ukwelashwa nemithi kungasiza. Uma ucabanga ukuthi ungahle ube ne-phobia edala ukuphazamiseka empilweni yakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuthola izinketho zokuhlola nokwelashwa.