Yini i-macrocephaly, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimbangela eziyinhloko
• Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-macrocephaly
• Yelashwa kanjani

IMacrocephaly yisimo esingajwayelekile esibonwa ngosayizi wekhanda lengane elikhudlwana kunokujwayelekile ocansini nobudala futhi esingatholwa ngokulinganisa usayizi wekhanda, obizwa nangokuthi i-head circumference noma i-CP, futhi sakha igrafu futhi silinganise izilinganiso ngesikhathi sokubonisana nokunakekelwa kwezingane, kusukela ekuzalweni kuya eminyakeni emibili ubudala.

Kwezinye izimo, i-macrocephaly ayimele ingozi yezempilo, ibhekwa njengejwayelekile, kepha kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi lapho kuqongelelwa uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal fluid, i-CSF, kungahle kubambezeleke ukukhula kwengqondo, usayizi wobuchopho ongajwayelekile, ukubambezeleka kwengqondo nokuquleka.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-macrocephaly kwenziwa ngenkathi ingane ikhula, futhi ubukhulu bezinwele bukalwa ekuvakasheni ngakunye nodokotela wezingane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuya ngobudlelwano obuphakathi kwe-CP, ubudala, ubulili nokukhula kwengane, udokotela angakhombisa ukusebenza kwezivivinyo zemifanekiso ukuhlola ukutholakala kwama-cysts, izimila noma ukuqongelela kwe-CSF, okukhombisa ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu uma kunesidingo.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko

IMacrocephaly ingaba nezimbangela eziningana, iningi lazo ezixhumene nezici zofuzo, okuholela ezifweni zemetabolic noma kokungalungi. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa owesifazane angachayeka ezimeni eziningana ezingaphazamisa ukukhula kwengane futhi ziholele kwi-macrocephaly. Ngakho-ke, ezinye zezimbangela ezinkulu ze-macrocephaly yilezi:

• Izifo ezifana ne-toxoplasmosis, rubella, ugcunsula kanye nokutheleleka nge-cytomegalovirus;
• I-Hypoxia;
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo;
• Ubukhona bamathumba, ama-cysts noma amathumba azalwe nawo;
• Ubuthi bomthofu;
• Izifo umzimba ezifana lipidosis, histiocytosis kanye mucopolysaccharidosis;
• Neurofibromatosis;
• Isifo sokuqina kwemithambo (tuberous sclerosis).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-macrocephaly ingenzeka ngenxa yezifo zamathambo, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha neminyaka emi-2, njenge-osteoporosis, hypophosphatemia, i-osteogenesis engaphelele kanye ne-rickets, okuyisifo esivezwa ukungabi bikho kukavithamini D, okuyi-vithamini ebhekele ukumuncwa kwe-calcium emathunjini nokubekwa emathanjeni. Funda kabanzi ngama-rickets.

Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-macrocephaly

Uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-macrocephaly yinhloko enkulu kunaleyo ejwayelekile yobudala bengane nobulili bayo, kodwa-ke ezinye izimpawu nezimpawu zingabonakala ngokuya ngembangela ye-macrocephaly, okuyiyona eyinhloko:

• Ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukisweni kwengqondo;
• Ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba;
• Ukuwohloka kwengqondo;
• Ukudlikizela;
• I-Hemiparesis, okuwubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukukhubazeka ohlangothini olulodwa;
• Izinguquko ekubunjweni kogebhezi;
• Izinguquko zezinzwa;
• Ikhanda;
• Izinguquko ngokwengqondo.

Ukuba khona kwanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu noma izimpawu kungakhombisa i-macrocephaly, futhi kubalulekile ukuya kudokotela wezingane ukuze kukalwe i-CP. Ngaphezu kokulinganisa i-CP nokuhlobene nokukhula kwengane, ubulili nobudala, udokotela wezingane uphinde ahlole izimpawu nezimpawu, ngoba ezinye zihlobene nohlobo oluthile lwe-macrocephaly, futhi zingaqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Udokotela wezingane naye angacela ukwenziwa kokuhlolwa kwe-imaging, njenge-computed tomography, i-radiography kanye ne-resonance kazibuthe.

IMacrocephaly ingabonakala ngisho nangesikhathi sokubeletha ngokusebenza kwe-ultrasound yokubelethisa, lapho kukalwa khona i-CP, futhi ngale ndlela kungenzeka ukuthi iqondise abesifazane nemindeni yabo kusenesikhathi.

Yelashwa kanjani

Lapho i-macrocephaly ingokomzimba, okungukuthi, uma ingabonakali ingozi empilweni yengane, akudingekile ukuqala ukwelashwa okuthile, ukukhula kwengane kuhambisana kuphela. Kodwa-ke, lapho kubonakala ne-hydrocephalus, okuwukuqoqeka okweqile koketshezi okhakhayini, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukukhipha uketshezi. Qonda ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-hydrocephalus kwenziwa kanjani.

Ngokungeziwe ekwelashweni kungahluka ngokuya ngembangela ye-macrocephaly, ingahluka futhi ngokuya ngezimpawu nezimpawu ezethulwe yingane ngakho-ke kunganconywa izikhathi zokwelashwa kwengqondo, i-physiotherapy kanye nezindlela zokwelapha inkulumo. Izinguquko ekudleni nasekusebenziseni eminye imithi nazo zingakhonjiswa, ikakhulukazi lapho ingane iquleka.