Ukwenza Izinyathelo Ngokulwa Nomdlavuza Webele

-Delile

• Buyekeza kwe-

Ukusuka ekuhlolweni kwezofuzo kuya ekuhloleni i-digital mammography, imishanguzo emisha yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nokunye, intuthuko ekuhlolweni komdlavuza webele nokwelashwa kwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kepha lokhu kukuthuthukise kangakanani ukuxilongwa, ukwelashwa, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, amazinga okusinda phakathi kwabesifazane abanomdlavuza webele eminyakeni engama-30 edlule? Impendulo emfushane: okuningi.

"Izinguquko ezimbili ezinkulu eziholele ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu kwamazinga okwelashwa komdlavuza webele ziye zaxilongwa kusenesikhathi ngenxa yokuhlolwa okungcono nokusabalele kanye nokwelashwa okuhlosiwe, okwenzelwe wena uqobo," kusho u-Elisa Port, MD, oyiChief of Breast Surgery futhi Umqondisi weDubin Breast Center eThe Mount Sinai Hospital eNew York City. Ngenkathi kusasele ibanga elide okusamele lihanjwe ekulweni nalesi sifo esesabekayo, nakhu ukubuka umehluko owenziwe yiminyaka engama-30.

Amanani Wemamephu Wonyaka

1985: Amaphesenti angama-25

Namuhla: Amaphesenti angama-75 kuya kwangu-79

Yini okushintshiwe: Ngamafuphi? Konke. "Ukwenyuka komshwalense wokuthola ama-mammograms, ukuqwashisa ngezinzuzo ze-mammograms, kanye nedatha evela eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-30 kuya kwengu-40 yocwaningo oluqinisekisa ulwazi lokuthi ama-mammograms asindisa izimpilo konke kube neqhaza ekukhuphukeni kwesibalo se-mammograms eyenziwa minyaka yonke," kusho uPort. . Ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe njengokuncipha kokuchayeka kwemisebe ngesikhathi sama-mammograms nakho kubasizile ukuthi basetshenziswe kabanzi futhi bamukeleke kakhulu, uyanezela.

Amanani Eminyaka Eyishumi Yokusinda

1980s: Amaphesenti angama-75

Namuhla: Amaphesenti angama-90.6

Yini okushintshiwe: Ngaphambi kokuthi ama-mammograms atholakale ngawo-1980, abesifazane babewuthola umdlavuza webele ngokuthola izigaxa bodwa. "Cabanga nje ukuthi wawungakanani kangakanani umdlavuza webele ngesikhathi utholakala," kusho uPort. "Ngaleso sikhathi, bebevele besabalalela kuma-lymph node ngakho-ke abesifazane batholakala besezingeni elithe xaxa kunamanje njengoba amazinga okusinda ebengaphansi kakhulu." Uma kutholakala kusenesikhathi, amazinga okusinda kweminyaka emihlanu angamaphesenti angama-93 kuye kwayi-100.

Amanani Okuxilonga

1980s: 102 kwabesifazane abayi-100,000

Namuhla: 130 kwabesifazane abayizi-100,000

Yini okushintshiwe: "Sithatha omdlavuza webele abaningi namhlanje kunalokho esakwenza eminyakeni engama-30 edlule ngenxa yokwanda kokuhlolwa," kusho uPort. Izimo zangempela zomdlavuza webele nazo zingakhuphuka."Akubangelwa yinoma yisiphi isici esisodwa, kodwa ukwanda kokukhuluphala e-U.S. Kungenzeka kudlale indima," kusho uPort. "Siyazi ukuthi ukukhuluphala ngokweqile nokuziphilisa ngokuhlala phansi kwandisa amathuba okuba nomdlavuza webele kwabesifazane bangaphambi nangemva kokuya esikhathini."

Ukwelashwa

1980s: Amaphesenti angu-13 abesifazane abanomdlavuza webele wesigaba sokuqala babe ne-lumpectomy

Namuhla: Cishe amaphesenti angama-70 abesifazane abanomdlavuza webele wesigaba sokuqala bahlinzwa ngendlela yokonga ibele (i-lumpectomy plus radiation)

Yini okushintshiwe: "I-Mammography kanye nokuxilongwa kwangaphambilini, umdlavuza omncane kwavula indlela yokwenza ukuhlinzwa okulondolozwa kwebele kunokuba kukhishwe lonke ibele," kusho uPort. Phambilini, i-mastectomy yayijwayele ukwenziwa ngoba izicubu zazikhulu kakhulu ngesikhathi zitholakala. Iphrothokholi yokwelashwa iyaqhubeka nokuvela nayo. Ngaphambilini, abesifazane abaningi abanomdlavuza webele we-estrogen receptor-positive bathatha isidakamizwa i-tamoxifen iminyaka emihlanu kulandela ukuxilongwa kwabo ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuphinda futhi kuthuthukiswe amazinga okusinda. Ucwaningo olushicilelwe ngonyaka odlule ku-Lancet lwathola ukuthi ukuphuza umuthi iminyaka eyi-10 kunikeza inzuzo eyengeziwe. Phakathi kwalabo abayithatha iminyaka emihlanu ingozi yokuphinda iphinde ibe ngamaphesenti angu-25 uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angu-21 kulabo abayithatha iminyaka engu-10. Futhi ingozi yokufa ngenxa yomdlavuza webele yehla isuka kumaphesenti angu-15 ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu yaya kumaphesenti angu-12 ngemva kweminyaka engu-10 yokuphuza imithi. "Lezi yizinto esizifundile ngonyaka odlule nje mayelana nomuthi osekuneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 ukhona," kusho uPort. "Asizange siyithuthukise le mithi, kodwa sisebenzise indlela esiyisebenzisa ngayo eqenjini elithile leziguli."

Buyekeza kwe-