Izivivinyo Zomalaleveva

-Delile

• Yini ukuhlolwa kukamalaleveva?
• Zisetshenziselwani?
• Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kukamalaleveva?
• Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kukamalaleveva?
• Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?
• Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela?
• Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi ngokuhlolwa kukamalaleveva?
• Izinkomba

Yini ukuhlolwa kukamalaleveva?

Umalaleveva yisifo esibi esibangelwa amagciwane. Izimuncagazi yizitshalo ezincane noma izilwane ezithola umsoco ngokuphila kwesinye isidalwa. Izimuncagazi ezibanga umalaleveva zidluliselwa kubantu ngokulunywa omiyane abanegciwane. Ekuqaleni, izimpawu zikamalaleveva zingase zifane nalezo zomkhuhlane. Kamuva, umalaleveva ungaholela ezinkingeni ezisongela ukuphila.

Umalaleveva awuthelelani njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, kodwa ungasakazeka usuke komunye umuntu uye komunye ngomiyane. Uma umiyane uluma umuntu onegciwane, uzosabalalisa lo gciwane kunoma ngubani omluma kamuva. Uma ulunywa umiyane onaleli gciwane, lezi zinambuzane zizongena egazini lakho. Amagciwane azokwanda ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi abangele ukugula. Ukuhlolwa kukamalaleveva kubheka izimpawu zokutheleleka nge-malaria egazini.

Umalaleveva uvame ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo. Minyaka yonke, izigidi zabantu zithelelwa umalaleveva, futhi amakhulu ezinkulungwane zabantu abulawa yilesi sifo. Iningi labantu ababulawa umalaleveva yizingane ezincane e-Afrika. Ngenkathi umalaleveva utholakala emazweni angaphezu kwama-87, ukutheleleka nokufa okuningi kwenzeka e-Afrika. Umalaleveva uyivelakancane e-United States. Kodwa izakhamizi zase-U.S. Ezihambela e-Afrika nakwamanye amazwe asezindaweni ezishisayo zisengozini yokungenwa yilesi sifo.

Amanye amagama: i-malaria blood smear, i-malaria test diagnostic test, i-malaria yi-PCR

Zisetshenziselwani?

Ukuhlolwa kukamalaleveva kusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga umalaleveva. Uma umalaleveva utholakala futhi welashwa kusenesikhathi, ungalapheka. Uma ingelashwa, umalaleveva ungaholela ezinkingeni ezisongela ukuphila, kufaka phakathi ukwehluleka kwezinso, ukwehluleka kwesibindi nokopha kwangaphakathi.

Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kukamalaleveva?

Ungasidinga lesi sivivinyo uma uhlala noma usanda kuhambela indawo lapho umalaleveva ujwayelekile futhi unezimpawu zikamalaleveva. Iningi labantu lizoba nezimpawu zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-14 zilunywe umiyane onaleli gciwane. Kepha izimpawu zingavela ngemuva nje kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngemuva kwalokho noma kungathatha isikhathi eside njengonyaka ukuvela. Ezigabeni zokuqala zokutheleleka, izimpawu zikamalaleveva ziyefana nomkhuhlane, futhi zingafaka:

• Imfiva
• Amakhaza
• Ukukhathala
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza

Ezigabeni zakamuva zokutheleleka, izimpawu zibucayi kakhulu futhi zingafaka:

• Umkhuhlane omkhulu
• Ukuqhaqhazela nokugodola
• Ukudlikizela
• Izitulo ezinegazi
• I-jaundice (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo)
• Ukuquleka
• Ukudideka kwengqondo

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kukamalaleveva?

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzobuza mayelana nezimpawu zakho nemininingwane ohambweni lwakho lwakamuva. Uma kusolwa ukutheleleka, igazi lakho lizohlolwa ukuze kutholakale izimpawu zokutheleleka kukamalaleveva.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwegazi, uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzothatha isampuli yegazi emthanjeni osengalweni yakho, esebenzisa inaliti encane. Ngemuva kokuthi kufakwe inaliti, kuzoqoqwa inani elincane legazi kufakwe ithubhu yokuhlola noma isitsha. Ungase uzizwe uluma kancane lapho inaliti ingena noma iphuma. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwemihlanu.

Isampula yakho yegazi ingahlolwa ngenye yezindlela ezilandelayo noma zombili.

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi smear. E-smear yegazi, kufakwa ithonsi legazi kwisilayidi esiphathwe ngokukhethekile. Uchwepheshe waselabhorethri uzohlola isilayidi ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu abheke ama-parasites.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola okusheshayo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kubheka amaprotheni aziwa ngokuthi ama-antigen, akhishwa ngama-parasites e-malaria. Inganikeza imiphumela esheshayo kune-smear yegazi, kepha i-smear yegazi ivame ukudingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?

Awunawo amalungiselelo akhethekile okuhlolwa umalaleveva.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?

Kunengozi encane kakhulu yokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ungaba nobuhlungu obuncane noma ukulimaza lapho kufakwe khona inaliti, kepha izimpawu eziningi ziyaphela ngokushesha.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela?

Uma imiphumela yakho ibingeyinhle, kepha usenezimpawu zikamalaleveva, ungahle udinge ukuhlolwa futhi. Inani lama-parasites e-malaria lingahluka ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngakho-ke umhlinzeki wakho anga-oda ukugcotshwa kwegazi njalo emahoreni ayi-12-24 esikhathini esiyizinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi unawo yini umalaleveva ukuze welashwe ngokushesha.

Ukube imiphumela yakho ibitholakele, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokunika umuthi wokwelapha lesi sifo. Uhlobo lomuthi luzoya ngeminyaka yakho, ukuthi zimbi kangakanani izimpawu zikamalaleveva, nokuthi ukhulelwe yini. Lapho welashwa kusenesikhathi, amacala amaningi kamalaleveva ayelapheka.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, ububanzi bezinkomba, nemiphumela yokuqonda.

Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi ngokuhlolwa kukamalaleveva?

Uma uzohambela indawo lapho kuvame khona umalaleveva, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuba uhambe. Anganikeza umuthi ongasiza ekuvikeleni umalaleveva.

Kukhona nezinyathelo ongazithatha ukuvimbela ukulunywa omiyane. Lokhu kunganciphisa ubungozi bokuthola umalaleveva nezinye izifo ezidluliswa omiyane. Ukuvimbela ukulunywa, kufanele:

• Faka isicelo sokuxosha izinambuzane eziqukethe i-DEET esikhunjeni nasezingutsheni zakho.
• Gqoka amahembe nemikhono enemikhono emide.
• Sebenzisa izikrini kumawindi naseminyango.
• Lala ngaphansi kwenetha lokuvimba omiyane.

Izinkomba

1. Izikhungo Zokulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo [i-Intanethi]. I-Atlanta: UMnyango Wezempilo Nezinsizakalo Zabantu e-U.S. Umalaleveva: Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo (ama-FAQ); [kucashunwe ngo-2019 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-4]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/faqs.html
2. Izikhungo Zokulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo [i-Intanethi]. I-Atlanta: UMnyango Wezempilo Nezinsizakalo Zabantu e-U.S. Ama-Parasites: Mayelana nama-Parasites; [kucashunwe ngo-2019 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-4]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/about.html
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4. Umtholampilo waseCleveland [Inthanethi]. I-Cleveland (OH): Umtholampilo waseCleveland; c2019. Umalaleveva: Ukuphathwa Nokulashwa; [kucashunwe ngo-2019 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-5]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15014-malaria/management-and-treatment
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8. Ukuhlolwa Kwelebhu Ku-inthanethi [i-Intanethi]. IWashington DC: I-American Association for Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2019. Umalaleveva; [kubuyekezwe ngo-2017 Dec 4; kucashunwe ngo-2019 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-2]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://labtestsonline.org/conditions/malaria
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11. Uhlobo Lokuthengwa Kwamakhasimende we-Merck [Internet]. IKenilworth (NJ): IMerck & Co Inc .; c2020. Umalaleveva; [kubuyekezwe ngo-2019 Oct; kukhonjiwe ngo-2020 Jul 29]; [cishe izikrini ezi-2]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/parasitic-infections-extraintestinal-protozoa/malaria?query=malaria
12. I-National Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute [i-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): UMnyango Wezempilo kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu e-U.S. Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi; [kucashunwe ngo-2019 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-3]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests
13. Impilo ye-UF: University of Florida Health [Internet]. IGainesville (FL): Inyuvesi yaseFlorida Impilo; c2019. Umalaleveva: Ukubuka konke; [kubuyekezwe i-2019 Meyi 26; kucashunwe ngo-2019 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-2]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://ufhealth.org/malaria
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15. I-UW Health [Inthanethi]. UMadison (WI): Izibhedlela zase-University of Wisconsin kanye neGunya Lemitholampilo; c2019. Imininingwane Yezempilo: Umalaleveva: Imbangela; [kubuyekezwe i-2018 Jul 30; kucashunwe ngo-2019 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-3]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/major/malaria/hw119119.html#hw119142
16. I-UW Health [Inthanethi]. UMadison (WI): Izibhedlela zase-University of Wisconsin kanye neGunya Lemitholampilo; c2019. Imininingwane Yezempilo: Umalaleveva: Izivivinyo Nezivivinyo; [kubuyekezwe i-2018 Jul 30; kucashunwe ngo-2019 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini eziyi-8]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/major/malaria/hw119119.html#hw119236
17. I-UW Health [Inthanethi]. UMadison (WI): Izibhedlela zase-University of Wisconsin kanye neGunya Lemitholampilo; c2019. Imininingwane Yezempilo: Umalaleveva: Izimpawu; [kubuyekezwe i-2018 Jul 30; kucashunwe ngo-2019 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-4]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/major/malaria/hw119119.html#hw119160
18. I-UW Health [Inthanethi]. UMadison (WI): Izibhedlela zase-University of Wisconsin kanye neGunya Lemitholampilo; c2019. Imininingwane Yezempilo: Umalaleveva: Ukubuka konke ngesihloko; [kubuyekezwe i-2018 Jul 30; kucashunwe ngo-2019 Meyi 26]; [cishe izikrini ezi-2]. Kutholakala kusuka: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/major/malaria/hw119119.html
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Imininingwane ekulesi siza akufanele isetshenziswe esikhundleni sezokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha noma iseluleko. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wezempilo uma unemibuzo ngempilo yakho.