I-Medicare ene-Social Security: Isebenza Kanjani?

-Delile

• Ngabe i-Medicare ne-Social Security zisebenza kanjani ndawonye?
• Ingabe Ukuphepha Komphakathi kuyayikhokhela iMedicare?
• Yini iMedicare?
• Kuyini ukuphepha Komphakathi?
• Ziyini izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi Wokuphepha Komphakathi?
• Ngubani ofanelekele izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi wezenhlalakahle?
• Abashade nezinzuzo zomhlalaphansi Zokuphepha Komphakathi
• Iminyaka oyithatha umhlalaphansi izithinta kanjani izinzuzo zakho
• Yini i-Supplemental Security Income (SSI)?
• Ngubani ofanelekela i-SSI?
• Uyini Umshuwalense Wokukhubazeka Komphakathi (SSDI)?
• Ngubani ofanelekile ku-SSDI?
• Iminyaka yokufaka isicelo kanye nezinzuzo ze-SSDI
• Ziyini izinzuzo zokusinda kwezokuphepha Komphakathi?
• Ngubani ofanele ukuthola izinzuzo zokusinda?
• Ukuthatha

• I-Medicare ne-Social Security izinzuzo ezilawulwa yimibuso onelungelo lokuyithola ngokuya ngeminyaka yakho, inani leminyaka oyikhokhele ohlelweni, noma uma unokukhubazeka okufanelekile.
• Uma uthola izinzuzo Zokuphepha Komphakathi, uzobhaliswa ngokuzenzakalela ku-Medicare uma usufanelekile.
• Amaphrimiyamu e-Medicare angadonswa ekukhokhelweni kwakho kwezenhlalakahle.

Ukuphepha Komphakathi kanye neMedicare yizinhlelo zikahulumeni zabantu baseMelika abangasasebenzi. Zombili lezi zinhlelo zisiza abantu asebefinyelele eminyakeni yokuthatha umhlalaphansi noma abanokukhubazeka okungamahlalakhona.

Ukuphepha Komphakathi kunikeza ukusekelwa kwezezimali ngendlela yokukhokha nyangazonke, kanti iMedicare inikeza umshuwalense wezempilo. Iziqu zalezi zinhlelo ziyafana. Eqinisweni, ukuthola izinzuzo ze-Social Security kungenye indlela ongabhaliswa ngayo ngokuzenzakalela ku-Medicare uma usufanelekile.

Ngabe i-Medicare ne-Social Security zisebenza kanjani ndawonye?

Uzothola i-Medicare ngokuzenzakalela uma usuvele uthola umhlalaphansi we-Social Security noma izinzuzo ze-SSDI. Isibonelo, uma uthathe izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi kusukela eminyakeni yobudala engama-62, uzobhaliswa kwi-Medicare ezinyangeni ezintathu ngaphambi kosuku lwakho lokuzalwa lwama-65. Uzobhaliswa futhi ngokuzenzakalela uma usuthole i-SSDI izinyanga ezingama-24.

Uzodinga ukubhalisa ku-Medicare uma uneminyaka engama-65 kodwa ungakayithathi imihlomulo yakho Yezokuphepha Komphakathi. I-Social Security Administration (SSA) kanye ne-Medicare bazokuthumela iphakethe elithi "Siyakwamukela ku-Medicare" uma ufanelekile ukubhalisa. Iphakethe lizokuhamba ngezinketho zakho ze-Medicare futhi likusize ubhalise.

I-SSA izonquma futhi nenani lemali olidingayo ukukhokhela ukumbozwa kwe-Medicare. Ngeke ukhokhele amaprimiyamu engxenye A ngaphandle uma ungahlangabezani nemithetho yokumboza okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla, kepha abantu abaningi bazokhokha imali ekhokhelwa iNgxenye B.

Ngo-2020, inani elijwayelekile le-premium ngu- $ 144.60. Leli nani lizobe liphakeme uma unemali enkulu. Ukuphepha Komphakathi kusebenzisa amarekhodi akho entela ukunquma amanani odinga ukuwakhokha.

Uma wenza imali engaphezu kwama- $ 87,000 ngonyaka, i-SSA izokuthumelela i-Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount (IRMAA). Isaziso sakho se-IRMAA sizokutshela inani elingaphezulu kweprimiyamu ejwayelekile odinga ukuyikhokha. Futhi uzoba nesibopho se-IRMAA uma ukhetha ukuthenga uhlelo olwehlukile lwe-Part D bese wenza ngaphezu kuka- $ 87,000.

Ingabe Ukuphepha Komphakathi kuyayikhokhela iMedicare?

I-Social Security ayikhokhi i-Medicare, kepha uma uthola izinkokhelo ze-Social Security, amaphrimiyamu wakho wengxenye B angadonswa esheke lakho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi esikhundleni sama- $ 1,500, ngokwesibonelo, uzothola u- $ 1,386.40 bese ukhokhelwa i-premium yakho yengxenye B.

Manje ake sibheke i-Medicare ne-Social Security ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi lezi zinhlelo zokubaluleka ezibalulekile, ukuthi ufaneleke kanjani, nokuthi zisho ukuthini kuwe.

Yini iMedicare?

I-Medicare uhlelo lomshuwalense wezempilo olunikezwa uhulumeni wesifundazwe. Uhlelo luphethwe yiCenters for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), umnyango woMnyango Wezempilo kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu e-United States. Ukutholakala kuyatholakala kubantu baseMelika abafinyelele eminyakeni yabo yokuzalwa engu-65 noma abanokukhubazeka okungamahlalakhona.

Ngokungafani nezinhlelo eziningi zendabuko, ukutholakala kweMedare kuyatholakala ezingxenyeni ezihlukene:

• Kuyini ukuphepha Komphakathi?

  Ezokuphepha Komphakathi wuhlelo olukhokhela abaseMelika asebethathe umhlalaphansi noma abakhubazekile. Uhlelo luphethwe yiSocial Security Administration (SSA). Ukhokha ku-Social Security lapho usebenza. Imali idonswa emholweni wakho wenkokhelo isikhathi ngasinye sokukhokha.

  
  

  Uzothola izinzuzo ezivela ekuVikelekeni Komphakathi uma ungasakwazi ukusebenza ngenxa yokukhubazeka noma uma usufinyelele eminyakeni efanelekile futhi wayeka ukusebenza. Uzothola izinzuzo zakho ngendlela yesheke lenyanga noma idiphozi yasebhange. Inani olifanelekele lizoya ngokuthi uhole malini ngenkathi usebenza.

  Ungafaka isicelo sezinzuzo Zokuphepha Komphakathi uma esinye salezi zimo sisebenza kuwe:

  • Uneminyaka engama-62 noma ngaphezulu.
  • Unokukhubazeka okungapheli.
  • Oshade naye obesebenza noma ethola izinzuzo zeSocial Security ushonile.

  Ziyini izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi Wokuphepha Komphakathi?

  Izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi Zokuphepha Komphakathi zenzelwe ukufaka esikhundleni ingxenye yemali oyithola ngenyanga ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlalaphansi.

  Ngubani ofanelekele izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi wezenhlalakahle?

  Njengoba kushiwo, uzodinga ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezimbalwa ukuze ufanelekele izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi Zokuphepha Komphakathi. NjengakuMedicare, kuzodingeka ube yisakhamuzi sase-United States noma umhlali unomphela. Ungahle futhi udinge ukuthi usebenze futhi uthole amakhredithi. Inani lamakhredithi owadingayo lincike ezimeni zakho nohlobo lwenzuzo oyifaka isicelo.

  Uzodinga okungenani amakhredithi angama-40 ukuze ufake isicelo sezinzuzo zomhlalaphansi. Njengoba ungathola kuze kufinyelele kumakhredithi amane ngonyaka, uzothola izikweletu ezingama-40 ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi yomsebenzi. Lo mthetho usebenza kunoma ngubani owazalwa ngemuva kuka-1929.

  Inani ozolithola ngenyanga lizoncika kumholo wakho kuyo yonke impilo yakho yokusebenza. Ungasebenzisa umshini wokubala kuwebhusayithi Yezokuphepha Komphakathi ukulinganisa izinzuzo zakho zomhlalaphansi.

  Abashade nezinzuzo zomhlalaphansi Zokuphepha Komphakathi

  Oshade naye angaphinda afune amaphesenti angama-50 wemali yakho yomhlomulo uma engenawo amakhredithi omsebenzi anele, noma uma kunguwe ohola kakhulu. Lokhu akususi enanini lemihlomulo yakho. Isibonelo, uthi unenzuzo yomhlalaphansi engu- $ 1,500 futhi oshade naye akakaze asebenze. Ungathola i- $ 1,500 yakho yanyanga zonke futhi oshade naye angathola kufika ku- $ 750. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umndeni wakho uzothola u- $ 2,250 inyanga ngayinye.

  Iminyaka oyithatha umhlalaphansi izithinta kanjani izinzuzo zakho

  Ungafaka isicelo sezinzuzo zomhlalaphansi weSocial Security uma usuqede iminyaka engama-62. Kodwa-ke, uzothola imali ethe xaxa ngenyanga uma ulinda iminyaka embalwa. Abantu abaqala ukuqoqa imihlomulo yokuthatha umhlalaphansi ku-62 bazothola amaphesenti angama-70 emali yabo ephelele yomhlomulo. Ungathola amaphesenti ayi-100 wemali yakho yomhlomulo uma ungaqali ukuqoqa kuze kube seminyakeni ephelele yokuthatha umhlalaphansi.

  Isikhathi esigcwele sokuthatha umhlalaphansi sabantu abazalwa ngemuva kuka-1960 sineminyaka engama-67. Uma wazalwa ngaphambi kuka-1960, bheka leli shadi elivela kwa-Social Security ukubona ukuthi uzofika nini eminyakeni ephelele yokuthatha umhlalaphansi.

  Yini i-Supplemental Security Income (SSI)?

  Ungakufanelekela ukuthola izinzuzo ezengeziwe uma uneholo elilinganiselwe. Eyaziwa njenge-Supplemental Security Income (SSI), lezi zinzuzo zenzelwe abantu abanemali elinganiselwe abafanelekela ukuvikeleka kwezenhlalakahle ngenxa yobudala noma ukukhubazeka.

  Ngubani ofanelekela i-SSI?

  Ungayifanelekela i-SSI uma:

  • bangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65
  • ngokomthetho abayizimpumputhe
  • ngikhubazekile

  Njengazo zonke izinzuzo Zokuphepha Komphakathi, kuzodingeka futhi ube yisakhamuzi sase-United States noma umhlali wasemthethweni futhi ube nemali engenayo nezinsizakusebenza ezinqunyelwe. Kodwa-ke, ukufaka isicelo se-SSI, awudingi izikweletu zomsebenzi.

  Ungathola i-SSI ngokungezelela ku-SSDI noma izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi, kepha futhi kungaba yinkokhelo ezimele. Inani olitholayo ku-SSI lizoya ngeholo lakho elivela kweminye imithombo.

  Uyini Umshuwalense Wokukhubazeka Komphakathi (SSDI)?

  Umshuwalense Wokukhubazeka Kwezenhlalakahle uhlobo lwenzuzo Yezokuphepha Komphakathi kulabo abakhubazekile noma izimo zezempilo ezibavimbela ukuthi basebenze.

  Ngubani ofanelekile ku-SSDI?

  Imithetho yehlukile uma ufaka isicelo se-SSDI. Uzodinga amakhredithi omsebenzi angama-40 uma ufaka isicelo eminyakeni engama-62 noma ngaphezulu.

  Ukuze ufanelekele i-SSDI, kufanele:

  • ukungakwazi ukusebenza ngenxa yesimo sezempilo esizohlala okungenani izinyanga eziyi-12, noma esibulalayo
  • okwamanje abanakho ukukhubazeka okuncane noma okwesikhashana
  • ukuhlangabezana nencazelo ye-SSA yokukhubazeka
  • ube mncane kuneminyaka yobudala ephelele yokuthatha umhlalaphansi

  Kufanele ukwazi ukufakazela ukuthi uhlangabezana nalezi zindlela, futhi le nqubo ingaba nzima. Uma usufanelekile ukuthola i-SSDI, inani lokukhubazeka ozolithola lingahle lincike ebudaleni bakho kanye nesikhathi osesebenze wasikhokha ku-Social Security.

  Leli thebula lichaza ukuthi yiziphi izinzuzo ezinikezwayo ngokuya ngeminyaka yakho nenombolo yeminyaka esetshenzisiwe:

  Iminyaka yokufaka isicelo kanye nezinzuzo ze-SSDI

  Ubudala obusebenzisa:	Inani lomsebenzi owudingayo:
  Ngaphambi kwama-24	1 ½ iminyaka yokusebenza eminyakeni emithathu eyedlule
  Iminyaka engu-24 kuya kwengu-30	Isigamu sesikhathi esiphakathi kwama-21 nesikhathi sokukhubazeka kwakho. Isibonelo, uzodinga iminyaka emithathu yokusebenza uma ukhubazeka lapho uneminyaka engama-27.
  Iminyaka engu-31 kuya kwengu-40	Iminyaka emihlanu (amakhredithi angama-20) womsebenzi kungakapheli iminyaka eyishumi ngaphambi kokukhubazeka kwakho
  44	Iminyaka emi-5 ((amakhredithi angama-22) womsebenzi eminyakeni eyishumi ngaphambi kokukhubazeka kwakho
  46	Iminyaka engu-6 (amakhredithi angama-24) womsebenzi kungakapheli iminyaka eyishumi ngaphambi kokukhubazeka kwakho
  48	Iminyaka engu-6 ½ (amakhredithi angama-26) womsebenzi kungakapheli iminyaka eyishumi ngaphambi kokukhubazeka kwakho
  50	Iminyaka engu-7 (amakhredithi angama-28) womsebenzi eminyakeni eyishumi ngaphambi kokukhubazeka kwakho
  52	Iminyaka engu-7 ½ (amakhredithi angama-30) womsebenzi eminyakeni eyishumi ngaphambi kokukhubazeka kwakho
  54	Iminyaka eyi-8 (amakhredithi angama-32) womsebenzi eminyakeni eyishumi ngaphambi kokukhubazeka kwakho
  56	Iminyaka engu-8 ((amakhredithi angama-34) womsebenzi eminyakeni eyishumi ngaphambi kokukhubazeka kwakho
  58	Iminyaka eyi-9 (amakhredithi angama-36) womsebenzi kungakapheli iminyaka eyishumi ngaphambi kokukhubazeka kwakho
  60	Iminyaka eyi-9 ((amakhredithi angama-38) womsebenzi kungakapheli iminyaka eyishumi ngaphambi kokukhubazeka kwakho

  Ziyini izinzuzo zokusinda kwezokuphepha Komphakathi?

  Ungacela izinzuzo zabasindile uma owakwakho oshonile ethola okungenani izikweletu ezingama-40. Ungafaka futhi izinzuzo uma owakwakho eshona esemncane kepha wasebenza u-1 ½ weminyaka emithathu edingekayo ngaphambi kokushona kwabo.

  Ngubani ofanele ukuthola izinzuzo zokusinda?

  Ukusinda kwabashadile kufanelekile ukuthola izinzuzo:

  • nganoma yisiphi isikhathi uma benakekela izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 noma abakhubazekile
  • kuma-50 uma bekhubazeka
  • kuma-60 enzuzo engaphelele
  • lapho usuthathe umhlalaphansi ngokugcwele ngamaphesenti ayi-100 wemali yenzuzo

  Izinzuzo zingakhokhelwa futhi:

  • abashade nabo
  • izingane ezifika ku-19 ezisafunda amabanga aphakeme
  • izingane ezinokukhubazeka ezitholwe ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-22
  • abazali
  • izingane zokutholwa
  • abazukulu

  Ngokwengeziwe, oshade naye osaphila nengane yakhe bobabili bangathola izinzuzo. Izinzuzo ezihlanganisiwe zingalingana kuze kufike kumaphesenti ayi-180 wenani lenzuzo yokuqala.

  Ukuthatha

  Ukuphepha Komphakathi kanye neMedicare kusiza abaseMelika abangasebenzi ngenxa yobudala noma ukukhubazeka. Akudingeki ukuthi uthole izinzuzo Zokuphepha Komphakathi ukuze ufanelekele iMedicare.

  Uma uthola izinzuzo Zokuphepha Komphakathi, uzobhaliswa ngokuzenzakalela ku-Medicare uma usufanelekile. Amaphrimiyamu akho eMedarethari angadonswa ngqo ekukhokhweni kwakho kwenzuzo.

  Kungakhathalekile ukuthi uneminyaka emingaki, ungaqala ukucwaninga manje ukubona ukuthi ukuphepha Komphakathi kanye neMedicare ndawonye kungaba yingxenye yokuhlelela kwakho ukuthatha umhlalaphansi.