Ukuqonda inyumoniya ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu

-Delile

• Izimpawu zomdlavuza wamaphaphu kanye nenyumoniya
• Izimbangela zenyumoniya
• Izici zobungozi
• Ukuxilongwa
• Yelashwa kanjani inyumoniya?
• Ukwelashwa kwasekhaya
• Ukwelashwa esibhedlela
• Uyini umbono?
• Ukuvimbela
• Thola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane
• Ungabhemi
• Geza izandla zakho
• Nakekela impilo yakho

I-pneumonia kubantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu

I-pneumonia isifo esivamile samaphaphu. Imbangela kungaba ngamagciwane, igciwane, noma isikhunta.

I-pneumonia ingaba mncane futhi idinga kuphela ukwelashwa kweviki ngaphambi kokuthi uqale kabusha imisebenzi ejwayelekile.

Kungaba nzima kakhulu futhi kudinga ukwelashwa amasonto ambalwa nokuhlala esibhedlela. I-pneumonia ingahle isongele impilo futhi ibulale kwezinye izimo.

Uma unomdlavuza wamaphaphu, unengozi eyengeziwe yokuthuthukisa i-pneumonia. Funda ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezimpawu ze-pneumonia kubantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu, izinketho zokwelashwa, nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuyivimbela.

Izimpawu zomdlavuza wamaphaphu kanye nenyumoniya

Izimpawu nezimbangela ze-pneumonia ziyefana noma ngabe unomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, igciwane kanye nefungal konke kungadala inyumoniya.

Kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuthola i-pneumonia uma unomdlavuza wamaphaphu, noma kunjalo. Izimpawu eziningi ze-pneumonia zingabonakala njengezimpawu noma izinkinga zomdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Izimbangela zenyumoniya

I-pneumonia inezimbangela ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• amagciwane
• amagciwane
• isikhunta

Amagciwane abangela ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yamacala e-pneumonia ase-U.S. Unyaka nonyaka. Amanye amagciwane angadala inyumoniya afaka:

• umkhuhlane
• i-herpes simplex
• ubhejane
• i-Respiratory syncytial virus

Ngokwengeziwe, I-Mycoplasma pneumoniae kungadala inyumoniya.

I-Mycoplasma uhlobo lwebhaktheriya oluvame ukudala izifo zokuphefumula. Lolu hlobo lwe-pneumonia kwesinye isikhathi lubizwa nge- "atypical" noma "ukuhamba" i-pneumonia.

Amakhemikhali angaphinde akucindezele ku-pneumonia. Amagesi athile, amakhemikhali, noma uthuli olweqile lungacasula impumulo yakho kanye nemigwaqo yomoya, kwandise amathuba akho okuba nenyumoniya.

Ukuba nohlobo olulodwa lwe-pneumonia akukuvimbeli ekubeni nohlobo lwesibili. Eqinisweni, abantu abahlakulela i-pneumonia ye-virus banengozi enkulu yokuthola ukutheleleka kwamagciwane.

Izici zobungozi

Noma ngubani angathola i-pneumonia, kepha izici ezithile zobungozi zikhulisa amathuba akho. Enye yalezo zinto umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Abantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu bavame ukuba ne-pneumonia.

Lezi zici ezengeziwe zobungozi zandisa ingozi yokuthola i-pneumonia:

• isifo esingalapheki samaphaphu, esifana nesifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD) ne-cystic fibrosis
• ukubhema ugwayi
• ukutheleleka okuphefumula kwakamuva, kufaka phakathi i-pneumonia, ukubanda kwesifuba, umkhuhlane noma i-laryngitis
• izifo eziyinkimbinkimbi, njengesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, ukuqina kwesibindi, nesifo sezinso
• ukuhlinzwa kwakamuva noma ukuhlala esibhedlela
• ukufisa

Ukuxilongwa

Uma unomdlavuza wamaphaphu futhi uqala ukwakha izimpawu ezintsha noma eziya ziba zimbi noma izimpawu zokuphefumula, udokotela wakho angasola ngokushesha inyumoniya.

Ukubambezeleka kokuxilongwa nokwelashwa kungasongela impilo, ngakho ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu.

Udokotela wakho anga:

• yenza ukuhlolwa komzimba
• sebenzisa i-stethoscope ukulalela isifuba sakho ngenkathi uphefumula
• oda i-X-ray yesifuba
• oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Uma unomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kungaba nzima kakhulu kudokotela wakho ukuthola i-pneumonia.

Ukuhlolwa kwakho nokuthwebula kwakho kuzobe sekungajwayelekile uma unomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Kuzona zozimbili lezi zimo, ungahle ube nokushaywa ngumoya noma umsindo (ekuphakamiseni umsindo) ekuhlolweni kwamaphaphu kanti i-X-ray yesifuba sakho ingakhombisa ukukhanya noma izindawo ezingathi shu.

Udokotela wakho angadinga ukucela ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Lezi zivivinyo zizosiza nodokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ubukhulu besifo sakho futhi asize ukunciphisa izindlela zakho zokwelashwa.

Lezi zivivinyo ezengeziwe zifaka:

• ukuhlolwa kwamagesi emithambo yegazi ukukala inani le-oxygen egazini lakho
• i-pulse oximetry test ukukala ukuthi ingakanani i-oksijini esuka emaphashini yakho iye egazini lakho
• isithwebuli se-CT ukubona ukungajwayeleki kahle
• isiko lesikhohlela, elibandakanya ukuhlaziya amafinyila noma isikhwehlela osikhwehlelayo ukuze usize udokotela wakho abone imbangela yokutheleleka kwakho
• amasiko egazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izinto eziyingozi ezithathelwanayo eziye egazini lakho

Yelashwa kanjani inyumoniya?

Uma unomdlavuza wamaphaphu futhi uba nenyumoniya, ukwelashwa kwakho kuzofana nomuntu onenyumoniya ongenawo umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwelapha imbangela yenyumoniya.

Ungadinga ukuhlala esibhedlela ukuthola ama-antibiotic (IV), noma ukwazi ukwelapha inyumoniya yakho ekhaya ngemithi elwa namagciwane ngomlomo.

Ezimweni eziningi ze-pneumonia yegciwane, ukwelashwa kuzogxila ekunakekelweni okusekelayo, njenge-oxygen eyengeziwe, uketshezi lwe-IV, nokuphumula.

Udokotela wakho uzobheka ezinye izinto ukuthola ukuthi udinga ukuhlala esibhedlela ukuze uthole ukwelashwa, kufaka phakathi:

• iminyaka yakho
• impilo yakho yonke nezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha
• ubunzima bezimpawu zakho
• izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa, izinga lokuphefumula, umfutho wegazi, nokushaya kwenhliziyo

Ukwelashwa kwasekhaya

Uma ungathola ngokuphepha ukwelashwa kwe-pneumonia ekhaya, udokotela wakho angakunikeza ama-antibiotics.

Ama-antibiotic ongawathatha ekhaya afaka:

• i-azithromycin (Zithromax)
• levofloxacin (Levaquin)
• cefporthime
• umagazine

Okulandelayo kubalulekile ekwelashweni kwasekhaya okuphumelelayo:

• ukuphumula
• ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi
• ukudla ukudla okunempilo, okunempilo
• ukulandela imiyalo kadokotela wakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthatha wonke ama-antibiotic wakho noma ngabe usuqale ukuzizwa ungcono

Ukwelashwa esibhedlela

Uma ugcina esibhedlela, ngaphezu kokukunika imithi yokwelapha ukutheleleka kwakho kanye nezimpawu zayo, udokotela wakho cishe uzokunika uketshezi olwengeziwe ukusiza ukugcina umzimba wakho unamanzi amaningi.

Ezimweni eziningi, bazokunikeza isibulala-magciwane esingalapha izinhlobo eziningi zezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi yi-antibiotic ebanzi. Uzokuthatha lokhu kuze kube yilapho imiphumela yamasiko esikhwehlela ingaqinisekisa ukuthi nguyiphi inyama ebanga inyumoniya yakho.

Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa ikhombisa ukuthi igciwane libangela inyumoniya yakho, ama-antibiotic ngeke alaphe ukutheleleka kwakho. Imithi elwa namagciwane ingasiza.

Uma ukhombisa izimpawu zamazinga we-oxygen ephansi egazini, udokotela wakho angahle anikeze i-oxygen yokwandisa i-oxygen egazini lakho.

Udokotela wakho futhi angakunikeza imithi yokwelapha izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba noma ukukhwehlela. Bangacela umelaphi wokuphefumula ukuthi asebenze nawe ukusiza ukususa imfihlo nokuvula izindlela zakho zomoya. Lokhu kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuphefumula kwakho.

Uyini umbono?

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu uyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa komdlavuza kwabesilisa nabesifazane e-United States.

Abantu abangaphezu kuka-150,000 balinganiselwa ukuthi babulawa ngumdlavuza wamaphaphu unyaka ngamunye. Ukutheleleka, kufaka phakathi i-pneumonia, kuyimbangela yesibili yokufa kubantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu.

I-pneumonia ingaba ukutheleleka okukhulu kwamaphaphu. Uma ungatholi ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa okufanele, kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu futhi mhlawumbe nasekufeni. Lolu hlobo lokutheleleka luphathelene ikakhulukazi nabantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu ngoba umsebenzi wabo wamaphaphu usuvele uthikamezekile.

Ukuvimbela

Nazi izinto ezinhlanu ongazenza ukusiza ukuvimbela inyumoniya:

Thola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane

Umkhuhlane uyimbangela evamile ye-pneumonia. Ukuthola umuthi wokugoma kukusiza ukuthi uvikele umkhuhlane kanye nokutheleleka okungenzeka kube yinyumoniya.

Ungabhemi

Ukubhema umdlavuza wamaphaphu e-United States. Uma unomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kungenzeka ukuthi udokotela wakho ukhulume nawe ngokungabhemi.

Uma ungakacabangi okwamanje, manje yisikhathi. Ugwayi ulimaza kakhulu amaphaphu akho futhi wehlisa amandla omzimba wakho okwelapha nokulwa nokutheleleka.

Nawa amanye amathiphu wokuthi ungayeka kanjani namuhla.

Geza izandla zakho

Sebenzisa izixwayiso ezifanayo ozenzayo lapho uzama ukugwema umkhuhlane ukugwema inyumoniya. Lokhu kufaka hlamba izandla, ukuthimula noma ukukhwehlela egobeni lengalo yakho, nokugwema abantu abagulayo.

Ngoba amasosha akho omzimba asevele ebuthakathaka ngenxa yomdlavuza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uzame ukuzivikela kumagciwane.

Nakekela impilo yakho

Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza kudinga ukuthi unake impilo yakho ngezindlela ongeke ube nazo ngaphambili.

Phumula njalo, udle ukudla okunempilo, futhi uvivinye umzimba njengoba umzimba wakho ukuvumela. Indlela esezingeni eliphakeme yokuphila ingasiza umzimba wakho ngezindlela eziningi, ikakhulukazi uma unomdlavuza.

Buza udokotela wakho ngomuthi wokugomela i-pneumonia, ikakhulukazi uma ungaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 noma utholakale unomdlavuza.