Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini: Izinto eziyi-11 wonke umuntu wesifazane okufanele azi

-Delile

• 1. Ngiyobe ngineminyaka emingaki lapho nginqamula esikhathini?
• 2. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-perimenopause nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini?
• 3. Yiziphi izimpawu ezibangelwa amazinga ancishisiwe e-estrogen emzimbeni wami?
• 4. Ngazi nini ukuthi nginesibani esishisayo?
• Ukuvimbela ukukhanya okushisayo
  
• 5. Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kuyithinta kanjani impilo yami yethambo?
• 6. Ngabe isifo senhliziyo sixhumene nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini?
• 7. Ngabe ngizokhuluphala lapho ngiyeka ukuya esikhathini?
• Ukuphathwa kwesisindo
  
• 8. Ngabe ngizoba nezimpawu ezifanayo nezomama wami, udadewethu, noma abangane?
• 9. Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ngiya esikhathini sokuya esikhathini uma ngithole isibeletho?
• 10. Ingabe ukufaka ama-hormone esikhundleni kuyindlela ephephile yokuphathwa kwezinkinga zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini?
• 11. Ingabe kukhona izinketho ezingezona ezokuphatha izimpawu zokuya esikhathini?
• Ukuthatha

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Yini ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini?

Abesifazane abadlulile eminyakeni ethile bazobhekana nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kuchazwa njengokungayi esikhathini sonyaka owodwa. Ubudala obutholayo bungahluka, kepha buvame ukwenzeka uma usuneminyaka engama-40 noma ngasekuqaleni kwama-50s.

Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kungadala ushintsho oluningi emzimbeni wakho. Izimpawu zingumphumela wokuncipha kokukhiqizwa kwe-estrogen ne-progesterone kuma-ovari akho. Izimpawu zingabandakanya ukushisa okushisayo, ukuzuza kwesisindo, noma ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. I-atrophy yesitho sangasese sangasese inegalelo ekumeni kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Ngalokhu, kungaba nokuvuvukala nokuncipha kwezicubu zesitho sowesifazane sangasese okunezela ekuhlanganyeleni okungahambi kahle.

Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kungakhuphula nobungozi bakho ezimweni ezithile ezifana ne-osteoporosis. Ungathola ukuthi ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kunesidingo esincane sokwelashwa. Noma unganquma ukuthi udinga ukuxoxa ngezimpawu nezinketho zokwelashwa nodokotela.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngezinto eziyi-11 wonke umuntu wesifazane okufanele azi mayelana nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.

1. Ngiyobe ngineminyaka emingaki lapho nginqamula esikhathini?

Isilinganiso seminyaka yokuqala ukuqala kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini sineminyaka engama-51. Iningi labesifazane liyeka ukuba nezikhathi ndawana thize phakathi kweminyaka yobudala engama-45 kuye kwengama-55. Izigaba zokuqala zokwehla kokusebenza kwe-ovary zingaqala iminyaka ngaphambi kwalokho kwabanye besifazane. Abanye bazoqhubeka nokuya esikhathini ukuya eminyakeni yabo yama-50s.

Iminyaka yokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini izonqunywa ngokofuzo, kepha izinto ezinjengokubhema noma i-chemotherapy zingasheshisa ukwehla kwe-ovary, okuholele ekunqamukeni kokuya esikhathini kwangaphambilini.

2. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-perimenopause nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini?

I-Perimenopause ibhekisa enkathini yesikhathi ngaphambi kokuqala kokuya esikhathini.

Ngesikhathi sokuphela kwesikhathi, umzimba wakho uqala ukushintshela ekunqamukeni kokuya esikhathini. Lokho kusho ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni kuma-ovari akho sekuqala ukwehla. Ungaqala ukuzwa izimpawu ezithile ezihlotshaniswa nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, njengokushisa okushisayo. Umjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini ungahle ube ngokungahambi kahle, kodwa ngeke uyeke phakathi nesikhathi sokunqamuka kwesikhathi.

Uma usuyeke ngokuphelele ukuba nokuya esikhathini izinyanga eziyi-12 zilandelana, usungene esikhathini.

3. Yiziphi izimpawu ezibangelwa amazinga ancishisiwe e-estrogen emzimbeni wami?

Cishe abesifazane abangamaphesenti angama-75 babhekana nokushisa okushisayo ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, okubenza uphawu oluvame kakhulu olutholwa ngabesifazane abaya esikhathini. Ukushisa okushisayo kungenzeka emini noma ebusuku. Abanye besifazane bangase futhi babe nobuhlungu bemisipha namalunga, obaziwa ngokuthi i-arthralgia, noma ukuguquguquka kwemizwelo.

Kungaba nzima ukuthola ukuthi ngabe lezi zimpawu zibangelwa ukushintsha kwamahomoni akho, izimo zempilo, noma inqubo yokuguga uqobo.

4. Ngazi nini ukuthi nginesibani esishisayo?

Ngesikhathi se-flash esishisayo, cishe uzozwa ukushisa komzimba wakho kukhuphuka. Ukukhanya okushisayo kuthinta ingxenye ephezulu yomzimba wakho, futhi isikhumba sakho singaze sishintshe sibe bomvu ngombala noma sibe blotchy. Lokhu kushesha kokushisa kungaholela ekujulukeni, ekushayeni kwenhliziyo, nasemizweni yesiyezi. Ngemuva kwesibani esishisayo, ungazizwa ubanda.

Ukukhanya okushisayo kungavela nsuku zonke noma kaningi ngosuku. Ungabathola ngaphezu konyaka noma ngisho neminyaka eminingana.

Ukugwema izimbangela kunganciphisa inani lokukhanya okushisayo ohlangabezana nakho. Lokhu kungafaka:

• ukudla utshwala noma i-caffeine
• ukudla ukudla okubabayo
• ukuzizwa ucindezelekile
• ngishisa ndawo thile

Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile nokubhema kungenza ukukhanya okushisayo kube kubi kakhulu.

Amasu ambalwa angasiza ukunciphisa ukukhanya kwakho okushisayo nezimpawu zawo:

• Gqoka ngezendlalelo ukusiza ngokukhanya okushisayo, bese usebenzisa ifeni endaweni yakho yasekhaya noma ehhovisi.
• Yenza izivivinyo zokuphefumula ngesikhathi se-flash esishisayo ukuzama ukunciphisa.

Imithi efana namaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, ukwelashwa ngama-hormone, noma eminye imiyalo ingakusiza ukunciphisa ukushisa okushisayo. Bona udokotela wakho uma unenkinga yokuphatha ukukhanya okushisayo uwedwa.

Ukuvimbela ukukhanya okushisayo

• Gwema izimbangela ezifana nokudla okubabayo, i-caffeine, noma utshwala. Ukubhema nakho kungenza ukukhanya okushisayo kube kubi kakhulu.
• Gqoka ngezendlalelo.
• Sebenzisa ifeni emsebenzini noma ekhaya lakho ukusiza ukupholisa umoya.
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngemithi engakusiza ukunciphisa izimpawu zakho ezishisayo ze-flash.

5. Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kuyithinta kanjani impilo yami yethambo?

Ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwe-estrogen kungathinta inani le-calcium emathanjeni akho. Lokhu kungadala ukwehla okukhulu kokuqina kwethambo, okuholele esimweni esaziwa nge-osteoporosis. Kungakwenza futhi ukuthi uthambekele kakhulu ekuqhekekeni, emgogodleni, nakokunye ukuphuka kwethambo. Abesifazane abaningi babhekana nokulahleka kwamathambo okusheshayo eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala ngemuva kokuya esikhathini kwabo kokugcina.

Ukugcina amathambo akho enempilo:

• Yidla ukudla okune-calcium eningi, njengemikhiqizo yobisi noma imifino enamaqabunga amnyama.
• Thatha izithasiselo zikavithamini D.
• Zivocavoca njalo futhi ufake ukuqeqeshwa kwesisindo esimisweni sakho sokuvivinya umzimba.
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Gwema ukubhema.

Kunemithi kadokotela ongafuna ukuxoxa ngayo nodokotela wakho ukuvimbela ukulahleka kwethambo futhi.

6. Ngabe isifo senhliziyo sixhumene nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini?

Izimo ezihlobene nenhliziyo yakho zingavela ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, njengesizungu noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Ukwehla kwamazinga e-estrogen kungavimbela umzimba wakho ekugcineni imithambo eguquguqukayo. Lokhu kungathinta ukugeleza kwegazi.

Ukubuka isisindo sakho, ukudla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganisela, ukuzivocavoca umzimba nokungabhemi kunganciphisa amathuba okuba nezimo zenhliziyo.

7. Ngabe ngizokhuluphala lapho ngiyeka ukuya esikhathini?

Izinguquko emazingeni akho e-hormone zingadala ukuthi ukhuluphale. Noma kunjalo, ukuguga nakho kungaba nomthelela ekuzuzeni isisindo.

Gxila ekugcineni ukudla okunomsoco, ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo, nokwenza eminye imikhuba enempilo ukusiza ukulawula isisindo sakho. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, nezinye izimo.

Ukuphathwa kwesisindo

• Gxila endleleni yokuphila enempilo ukuphatha isisindo sakho.
• Yidla ukudla okuyindilinga okufaka phakathi ukwandisa i-calcium nokunciphisa ukudla ushukela.
• Zibandakanya emizuzwini engu-150 ngesonto yokuzivocavoca okusesilinganisweni, noma imizuzu engama-75 yokuzivocavoca okukhulu, njengokugijima.
• Ungakhohlwa ukufaka izivivinyo zamandla esimisweni sakho futhi.

8. Ngabe ngizoba nezimpawu ezifanayo nezomama wami, udadewethu, noma abangane?

Izimpawu zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ziyahlukahluka kowesifazane ngamunye, ngisho nasemindenini efanayo. Iminyaka nezinga lokwehla kokusebenza kwe-ovary kwehluka kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzodinga ukuphatha ukunqamuka kwakho kokuya esikhathini ngakunye. Okusebenzele umama wakho noma umngani wakho omkhulu kungenzeka kungakusebenzeli.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma unemibuzo mayelana nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Bangakusiza uqonde izimpawu zakho futhi uthole izindlela zokuzilawula ezisebenza nendlela yakho yokuphila.

9. Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ngiya esikhathini sokuya esikhathini uma ngithole isibeletho?

Uma ngabe isibeletho sakho sisuswe ngokuhlinzwa nge-hysterectomy, ungahle ungazi ukuthi uya esikhathini sokuya esikhathini ngaphandle kokuthi uhlangabezana nokukhanya okushisayo.

Lokhu kungenzeka futhi uma ngabe uke waba nokukhishwa kwe-endometrium futhi ama-ovari akho angasuswanga. Ukuqedwa kwe-Endometrial ukususwa kolwelwesi lwesibeletho sakho njengokwelashwa kokuya esikhathini okunzima.

Uma ungenazo izimpawu, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunganquma ukuthi ama-ovari akho asasebenza yini. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasetshenziswa ukusiza odokotela ukuthi bathole izinga lakho le-estrogen, okungaba wusizo uma usengozini ye-osteoporosis. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi ukwazi isimo sakho se-estrogen kungabalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi ngabe uyakudinga yini ukuhlolwa kwamathambo.

10. Ingabe ukufaka ama-hormone esikhundleni kuyindlela ephephile yokuphathwa kwezinkinga zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini?

Izindlela zokwelashwa eziningana ze-hormone zivunyelwe i-FDA ukwelashwa kokushisa okushisayo nokuvimbela ukulahleka kwethambo. Izinzuzo nezingozi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngobukhulu bokukhanya kwakho okushisayo nokulahleka kwethambo, nempilo yakho. Lezi zindlela zokwelashwa kungenzeka zingakulungeli. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuzama noma yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ze-hormone.

11. Ingabe kukhona izinketho ezingezona ezokuphatha izimpawu zokuya esikhathini?

Ukwelashwa kweHormone kungenzeka kungabi yisinqumo esifanele kuwe. Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha zingakuvimbela ekubeni ukwazi ukusebenzisa ngokuphepha ukwelashwa kwamahomoni noma ungakhetha ukungalisebenzisi lelo hlobo lokwelashwa ngezizathu zakho siqu. Izinguquko endleleni yakho yokuphila zingakusiza ukuthi ukhulule izimpawu zakho eziningi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokungenelela kwe-hormonal.

Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zingabandakanya:

• ukuncipha komzimba
• ukuzivocavoca umzimba
• ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa ekamelweni
• ukugwema ukudla okwandisa izimpawu
• ukugqoka izingubo ezilula zikakotini nokugqoka izingqimba

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezinjengokwelashwa ngamakhambi, ukuzithiba, i-acupuncture, ama-anti-depressants athile anomthamo ophansi, neminye imithi ingasiza ekwehliseni ukukhanya okushisayo.

Imithi eminingana evunyelwe yi-FDA ingasetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukulahleka kwethambo. Lokhu kungafaka:

• ama-bisphosphonates, afana ne-risedronate (Actonel, Atelvia) kanye ne-zoledronic acid (Reclast)
• ama-modulators we-estrogen receptor akhethiwe afana ne-raloxifene (Evista)
• i-calcitonin (Fortical, Miacalcin)
• i-denosumab (Prolia, Xgeva)
• i-hormone ye-parathyroid, efana ne-teriparatide (Forteo)
• imikhiqizo ethile ye-estrogen

Ungathola izinto zokuthambisa ezingaphezulu kwekhawunta, okhilimu be-estrogen, noma eminye imikhiqizo isiza ngokoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane.

Thenga izithambisi zesitho sangasese sowesifazane.

Ukuthatha

Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kuyingxenye yemvelo yomjikelezo wokuphila kowesifazane. Yisikhathi lapho amazinga akho e-estrogen ne-progesterone ancipha. Ukulandela ukuya esikhathini, ingozi yakho yezimo ezithile ezifana ne-osteoporosis noma isifo senhliziyo ingakhula.

Ukuphatha izimpawu zakho, gcina ukudla okunempilo futhi uvivinye umzimba kakhulu ukugwema ukuzuza kwesisindo okungadingekile.

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezingezinhle ezithinta amandla akho okusebenza, noma uma ubona noma yini engajwayelekile engadinga ukubhekisisa. Kunezinketho eziningi zokwelashwa ezizosiza ngezimpawu ezifana nokushisa okushisayo.

Ngena nodokotela wakho ngesikhathi sezivivinyo ezijwayelekile zabesifazane njengoba uba nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.