Izifo zeMitral Valve

-Delile

• Siyini isifo se-mitral valve?
• Izinhlobo zesifo se-mitral valve
• I-Mitral valve stenosis
• I-Mitral valve prolapse
• Ukuvuselelwa kwe-valve ye-Mitral
• Yini ebangela isifo se-mitral valve?
• I-Mitral valve stenosis
• I-Mitral valve prolapse
• Ukuvuselelwa kwe-valve ye-Mitral
• Ziyini izimpawu zesifo se-mitral valve?
• Sitholakala kanjani isifo se-mitral valve?
• Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa
• Uvivinyo lokuqapha umsebenzi wenhliziyo
• Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi
• Selashwa kanjani isifo se-mitral valve?
• Izidakamizwa nemithi
• I-Valvuloplasty
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukuthatha

Siyini isifo se-mitral valve?

I-valve ye-mitral itholakala ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo yakho phakathi kwamakamelo amabili: i-atrium yesobunxele ne-ventricle yesobunxele. I-valve isebenza ukugcina igazi ligeleza kahle ohlangothini olulodwa ukusuka e-atrium yesobunxele kuya ku-ventricle yesobunxele. Iphinde ivimbe igazi ukuba lingageleki emuva.

Isifo seMitral valve senzeka lapho i-mitral valve ingasebenzi kahle, ivumela igazi ukuba lihlehle emuva liye e-atrium yesobunxele. Ngenxa yalokho, inhliziyo yakho ayipompi igazi elanele egumbini le-ventricular engakwesobunxele ukuze unikeze umzimba wakho igazi eligcwele umoya-mpilo. Lokhu kungadala izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala nokuphefumula okuncane. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abanesifo se-mitral valve abanazo izimpawu.

Uma sishiywa singelashwa, isifo se-mitral valve singaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, ezisongela ukuphila njengokuhluleka kwenhliziyo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile, okubizwa ngokuthi i-arrhythmias.

Izinhlobo zesifo se-mitral valve

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zesifo se-mitral valve: i-stenosis, i-prolapse, ne-regurgitation.

I-Mitral valve stenosis

I-stenosis yenzeka lapho ukuvuleka kwe-valve kuba kuncane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi alikho igazi elanele elingangena kwi-ventricle yakho yangakwesobunxele.

I-Mitral valve prolapse

Ukuqhuma kwenzeka lapho izingqimba ku-valve bulge esikhundleni sokuvala ngokuqinile. Lokhu kungavimbela i-valve ukuthi ingavali ngokuphelele, futhi ukuphinda kwenzeke kabusha - ukugeleza okubuyela emuva kwegazi - kungenzeka.

Ukuvuselelwa kwe-valve ye-Mitral

Ukuvuselelwa kwenzeka lapho igazi livuza kusuka ku-valve bese ligelezela emuva liye e-atrium yakho yangakwesobunxele lapho i-ventricle yangakwesokunxele icindezela.

Yini ebangela isifo se-mitral valve?

Uhlobo ngalunye lwesifo se-mitral valve sinezimbangela zalo.

I-Mitral valve stenosis

I-Mitral valve stenosis imvamisa ibangelwa yisilonda esivela ku-rheumatic fever. Imvamisa isifo sobuntwana, i-rheumatic fever siphumela ekuphenduleni komzimba ekungenweni yi-streptococcal bacterial infection. I-rheumatic fever iyinkinga enkulu ye-strep throat noma i-scarlet fever.

Izitho ezithinteka kakhulu kwi-rheumatic fever enamandla amalunga enhliziyo. Amalunga angavuvukala, okungaholela ekukhubazekeni kwesikhashana futhi kwesinye isikhathi okungapheli. Izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zenhliziyo zingasha futhi ziholele kulezi zimo zenhliziyo ezingaba yingozi, kufaka phakathi:

• endocarditis: ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwenhliziyo
• i-myocarditis: ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo
• I-pericarditis: ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi oluzungeze inhliziyo

Uma i-valve ye-mitral ivutha noma ilimale ngenye indlela yilezi zimo, kungaholela esimweni senhliziyo esingapheli esibizwa ngesifo senhliziyo i-rheumatic. Izimpawu nezimpawu zomtholampilo zalesi simo kungenzeka zingaveli kuze kube yiminyaka emi-5 kuya kwengu-10 ngemuva kwesiqephu se-rheumatic fever.

I-Mitral stenosis ayivamile e-United States nakwamanye amazwe athuthukile lapho i-rheumatic fever ingavamile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abantu emazweni athuthukile bavame ukufinyelela kuma-antibiotic aphatha izifo ezithathelwanayo njenge-strep throat, ngokusho kwe-Merck Manual Home Health Handbook. Amacala amaningi we-mitral stenosis e-United States asebekhulile asebekhulile ababene-rheumatic fever ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwama-antibiotic noma kubantu abasuke emazweni lapho i-rheumatic fever ivamile.

Kunezinye izimbangela ze-mitral valve stenosis, kepha lokhu akuvamile. Kubandakanya:

• amahlule egazi
• i-calcium buildup
• ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuzelwe
• ukwelashwa ngemisebe
• izimila

I-Mitral valve prolapse

I-Mitral valve prolapse imvamisa ayinasizathu esithile noma esaziwayo. Kuvame ukugijima emindenini noma kwenzeke kulabo abanezinye izimo, njenge-scoliosis kanye nezinkinga zezicubu ezixhuma. Ngokusho kwe-American Heart Association, cishe amaphesenti amabili wabantu base-US ane-mitral valve prolapse. Bambalwa kakhulu abantu ababhekana nezinkinga ezinkulu ezihambisana nalesi simo.

Ukuvuselelwa kwe-valve ye-Mitral

Izinkinga ezahlukahlukene zenhliziyo zingadala ukuvuselelwa kwe-mitral valve. Ungahlakulela ukubuyiswa kabusha kwe-mitral valve uma ngabe:

• i-endocarditis, noma ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwenhliziyo nama-valve
• isifo senhliziyo
• umkhuhlane wamathambo

Ukulimala kwezintambo zezicubu zenhliziyo yakho noma ukugqoka nokudiliza i-valve yakho ye-mitral nakho kungaholela ekuvuseleleni. I-Mitral valve prolapse kwesinye isikhathi ingadala ukubuyela esimweni.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo se-mitral valve?

Izimpawu zesifo seMitral valve ziyahluka ngokuya ngenkinga ngqo nge-valve yakho. Kungadala izimpawu nhlobo. Lapho izimpawu zenzeka, zingabandakanya:

• ukukhwehlela
• ukuphefumula, ikakhulukazi uma ulele ngomhlane noma uzivocavoca umzimba
• ukukhathala
• ubumhlophe

Ungase futhi uzwe ubuhlungu noma ukuqina esifubeni sakho. Kwezinye izimo, ungazizwa inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokungajwayelekile noma ngokushesha.

Izimpawu zanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo se-mitral valve zivame ukukhula kancane kancane. Zingavela noma zibe zimbi kakhulu lapho umzimba wakho ubhekene nengcindezi eyengeziwe, njengokutheleleka noma ukukhulelwa.

Sitholakala kanjani isifo se-mitral valve?

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi ungaba nesifo se-mitral valve, bazolalela inhliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope. Imisindo engajwayelekile noma amaphethini wesigqi angabasiza ukuthi bathole okwenzekayo.

Udokotela wakho angalawula izivivinyo ezengeziwe ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwesifo se-mitral valve.

Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa

• I-Echocardiogram: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusebenzisa amagagasi e-ultrasound ukukhiqiza izithombe zesakhiwo nokusebenza kwenhliziyo.
• I-X-ray: Lokhu kuhlolwa okuvamile kuveza izithombe kukhompyutha noma kwifilimu ngokuthumela izinhlayiya ze-X-ray emzimbeni.
• I-echocardiogram ye-Transesophageal: Lokhu kuhlolwa kuveza isithombe esiningiliziwe senhliziyo yakho kune-echocardiogram yendabuko. Ngesikhathi senqubo, udokotela wakho ugoqa idivayisi ekhipha amagagasi e-ultrasound engxenyeni yakho, etholakala ngemuva kwenhliziyo.
• I-catheterization yenhliziyo: Le nqubo ivumela udokotela wakho ukuthi enze izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukuthola isithombe semithambo yegazi yenhliziyo. Ngesikhathi senqubo, udokotela wakho ufaka ithubhu ende, ezacile engalweni yakho, ethangeni eliphezulu, noma entanyeni bese uyifaka ngentambo enhliziyweni yakho.
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG noma i-EKG): Lokhu kuhlolwa kuqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho.
• Ukuqapha kweHolter: Le yidivayisi yokuqapha ephathekayo eqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho ngesikhathi esithile, imvamisa amahora angama-24 kuye kwangama-48.

Uvivinyo lokuqapha umsebenzi wenhliziyo

Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi

Udokotela wakho angafuna ukukuqapha ngenkathi uzivocavoca ukuze unqume ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isabela kanjani ekucindezelekeni komzimba.

Selashwa kanjani isifo se-mitral valve?

Ukwelashwa kwesifo se-mitral valve kungenzeka kungadingeki, ngokuya ngobukhulu besimo sakho nezimpawu zakho. Uma icala lakho linzima ngokwanele, kunezindlela zokwelashwa ezintathu ezingaba khona noma inhlanganisela yezindlela zokwelapha ezingalungisa isimo sakho.

Izidakamizwa nemithi

Uma ukwelashwa kudingekile, udokotela wakho angaqala ngokukuphatha ngemithi. Ayikho imishanguzo engalungisa izingqinamba zesakhiwo nge-mitral valve yakho. Eminye imishanguzo inganciphisa izimpawu zakho noma izivimbele ukuthi zingabi zimbi kakhulu. Le mithi ingafaka:

• antiarrhythmics, ukwelapha isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile
• ama-anticoagulants, ukunciphisa igazi lakho
• beta blockers, ukunciphisa inhliziyo yakho
• isisu, ukunciphisa ukuqoqwa koketshezi emaphashini akho

I-Valvuloplasty

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angadinga ukwenza izinqubo zokwelashwa. Isibonelo, ezimweni ze-mitral valve stenosis, udokotela wakho angakwazi ukusebenzisa ibhaluni ukuvula i-valve kwinqubo ebizwa nge-balloon valvuloplasty.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka. Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukulungisa ngokuhlinza i-mitral valve yakho ekhona ukuze isebenze kahle. Uma lokho kungenzeki, kungadingeka ukuthi i-mitral valve yakho ishintshwe entsha. Ukufakwa esikhundleni kungaba yi-biological noma i-mechanical. Ukushintshwa kwezinto eziphilayo kungatholwa enkomeni, kwengulube, noma ku-cadaver yomuntu.

Ukuthatha

Lapho i-mitral valve ingasebenzi ngendlela efanele, igazi lakho alihambi kahle liphume enhliziyweni. Ungase ube nezimpawu ezinjengokukhathala noma ukuphefumula okuncane, noma kungenzeka ungazitholi izimpawu nhlobo. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ukuthola isimo sakho. Ukwelashwa kungafaka imithi ehlukahlukene, izinqubo zokwelashwa, noma ukuhlinzwa.