Okufanele Ukwazi Ngokuhamba Ngokuzibandakanya

-Delile

• Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhamba okungalawuleki?
• I-Tardive dyskinesia (TD)
• Ukuthuthumela
• Myoclonus
• Ama-Tics
• I-athetosis
• Yini ebangela ukunyakaza okungalawuleki?
• Ezinganeni
• Kubantu abadala
• Itholakala kanjani imbangela yokuhamba okungalawuleki?
• Ukuhlolwa kwesifo
• Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa zokunyakaza okungalawuleki?

Ukubuka konke

Ukunyakaza okungazibandakanyi kwenzeka lapho uhambisa umzimba wakho ngendlela engalawuleki nengahlosiwe. Le minyakazo ingaba yinoma yini kusuka kumatikisi asheshayo, aqhumayo kuya ekuzamazameni okude nokuquleka.

Ungakuthola lokhu kuhamba cishe kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba, kufaka phakathi:

• intamo
• ubuso
• izitho

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokunyakaza okungalawuleki nezimbangela. Ukunyakaza okungalawuleki endaweni eyodwa noma eziningi zomzimba kungancipha ngokushesha kwezinye izimo. Kwabanye, lokhu kuhamba kuyinkinga eqhubekayo futhi kungahle kube kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhamba okungalawuleki?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokunyakaza okungazibandakanyi. Isibonelo, ukulimala kwemithambo kuvame ukukhiqiza izicubu ezincane zemisipha emisipheni ethintekile. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokunyakaza okungazibandakanyi zifaka okulandelayo:

I-Tardive dyskinesia (TD)

I-Tardive dyskinesia (TD) yisimo sezinzwa. Kusuka ebuchosheni futhi kwenzeka ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi ye-neuroleptic. Odokotela banikeza le mithi ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Abantu abane-TD bavame ukukhombisa ukunyakaza okungalawuleki okuphindaphindayo okungabandakanya:

• ukufiphala
• ukucwayiza ngokushesha kwamehlo
• kuphume ulimi
• ukushaya izindebe
• ukuphuka kwezindebe
• ukulandela izindebe

Ngokusho kweNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), kunemithi embalwa ekhombise ukusebenza okuthile. Kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ukuthola ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okulungele wena.

Ukuthuthumela

Ukuzamazama kungukunyakaza okunesigqi sengxenye yomzimba. Kungenxa yokuncipha kwemisipha okungajwayelekile.

Ngokuya ngeStanford School of Medicine, iningi labantu lihlangabezana nokuthuthumela ekuphenduleni izinto ezinjengalezi:

• ushukela wegazi ophansi
• ukuhoxiswa kotshwala
• ukukhathala

Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthumela kungenzeka futhi ngezimo ezibucayi kakhulu, njenge:

• i-multiple sclerosis (MS)
• Isifo sikaParkinson

Myoclonus

I-Myoclonus ibonakala ngokunyakaza okusheshayo, okufana nokushaqeka. Zingavela ngokwemvelo:

• ngesikhathi sokulala
• ngezikhathi lapho uthuka khona

Kodwa-ke, zingaba futhi ngenxa yezimo zempilo ezingathi sína, njenge:

• isithuthwane
• Isifo i-Alzheimer's

Ama-Tics

Ama-Tics ukunyakaza okungazelelwe, okuphindaphindayo. Zihlukaniswa njengezilula noma eziyinkimbinkimbi, kuya ngokuthi zibandakanya inani elincane noma elikhulu lamaqembu emisipha.

Ukweqa ngokweqile amahlombe noma ukuguquguqula umunwe kuyisibonelo se-tic elula. Ukuphindaphindeka nokushaya izingalo zomuntu kuyisibonelo se-tic eyinkimbinkimbi.

Kubantu abasha, ama-tics avame ukwenzeka nge-Tourette syndrome. Izimoto ezenzeka ngenxa yalesi sifo zinganyamalala isikhathi esifushane. Uma uphila ne-Tourette syndrome, ungakwazi futhi ukubanciphisa ngezinga elithile.

Kubantu abadala, ama-tics kungenzeka njengophawu lwesifo sika-Parkinson. Ama-tics okuqala kwabantu abadala futhi angabangelwa:

• ukuhlukumezeka
• ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezithile, njenge-methamphetamines

I-athetosis

Lokhu kusho ukunyakaza okuhamba kancane, okugoqayo. Ngokuya ngeStanford School of Medicine, lolu hlobo lokunyakaza okungazibandakanyi luvame ukuthinta izandla nezingalo.

Yini ebangela ukunyakaza okungalawuleki?

Kunezimbangela eziningi ezingaba khona zokunyakaza okungazibandakanyi. Ngokuvamile, ukunyakaza okungazibandakanyi kusikisela ukulimala kwezinzwa noma izindawo zobuchopho bakho ezithinta ukuhlangana kwezimoto. Kodwa-ke, izimo ezahlukahlukene ezingaphansi zingakhiqiza ukunyakaza okungazibandakanyi.

Ezinganeni

Ezinganeni, ezinye zezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokunyakaza okungazibandakanyi yilezi:

• i-hypoxia, noma i-oxygen enganele ngesikhathi sokuzalwa
• kernicterus, ebangelwa i-pigment eyeqile eyenziwe yisibindi esibizwa nge-bilirubin
• i-cerebral palsy, okuyisifo sezinzwa esithinta ukunyakaza komzimba nokusebenza kwemisipha

I-Kernicterus manje ayisabonakali kakhulu e-United States ngenxa yokuhlolwa okuvamile kwe-bilirubin yazo zonke izingane ezisanda kuzalwa.

Kubantu abadala

Kubantu abadala, ezinye zezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokunyakaza okungazibandakanyi zifaka:

• ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa
• ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ye-neuroleptic enqunyelwe ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo isikhathi eside
• izimila
• ukulimala ebuchosheni
• unhlangothi
• ukuphazamiseka okwehlayo, njengesifo sikaParkinson
• ukuphazamiseka kokuquleka
• ugcunsula ongelashwa
• izifo ze-thyroid
• ukuphazamiseka kofuzo, kufaka phakathi isifo sikaHuntington nesifo sikaWilson

Itholakala kanjani imbangela yokuhamba okungalawuleki?

Yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho uma wena noma ingane yakho nihlangabezana nokunyakaza komzimba okungapheli, okungalawuleki futhi awuqiniseki ngembangela.

Ukuqokwa kwakho kuzoqala kakhulu ngengxoxo yezokwelapha ephelele. Udokotela wakho cishe uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezempilo nowomndeni, kufaka phakathi noma yimiphi imithi obukade uyiphuza noma oyisebenzise esikhathini esedlule.

Eminye imibuzo ingafaka:

• Ukuqala kwaqala nini futhi kanjani?
• Iziphi izitho zomzimba ezithintekayo?
• Yini ebonakala yenza ukunyakaza kube kubi noma kube ngcono?
• Ingabe ukucindezeleka kuyakuthinta lokhu kuhamba?
• Ukunyakaza kwenzeka kangaki?
• Ngabe ukunyakaza kuya ngokuya ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?

Kubalulekile ukusho noma yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ongaba nazo kanye nalezi zinyathelo ezingalawuleki.Ezinye izimpawu nezimpendulo zakho emibuzweni kadokotela wakho ziyasiza kakhulu ekunqumeni indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa.

Ukuhlolwa kwesifo

Ngokuya ngesizathu esisolwayo, udokotela wakho angalawula ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma okuningi kwezokwelapha. Lokhu kungafaka ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlukahlukene, okufana nalokhu:

• izifundo ze-electrolyte
• izivivinyo zomsebenzi wegilo ukukhipha ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-thyroid
• i-serum yethusi noma i-serum ceruloplasmin test ukukhipha isifo sikaWilson
• ugcunsula serology ukukhipha i-neurosyphilis
• ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwesifo sezicubu ukuxhuma i-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) nezinye izifo ezihlobene
• ukuhlolwa kwe-serum calcium
• isibalo segazi elibomvu (RBC)

Udokotela wakho angacela futhi:

• ukuhlolwa komchamo ukukhipha ubuthi
• umpompi womgogodla wokuhlaziya uketshezi lomgogodla
• i-MRI noma i-CT scan yobuchopho ukubheka ukungahleleki okuhlelekile kwesakhiwo
• i-electroencephalogram (i-EEG)

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Psychopharmacology nakho kungasiza ekuhloleni ukuxilongwa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuya ngokuthi uthatha izidakamizwa noma izinto ezithile.

Isibonelo, i-TD ingumphumela oseceleni wokusebenzisa ama-neuroleptics esikhathini esithile. Noma ngabe une-TD noma esinye isimo, imiphumela yanoma imuphi umuthi idinga ukuhlolwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Lokhu kuzosiza udokotela wakho ukuthi enze ukuxilongwa okusebenzayo.

Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa zokunyakaza okungalawuleki?

Umbono wakho ungahluka, kuya ngobukhulu balesi sibonakaliso. Noma kunjalo, eminye imithi inganciphisa ubunzima. Isibonelo, umuthi owodwa noma ngaphezulu ungasiza ukugcina ukunyakaza okungalawuleki okuhambisana nokuphazamiseka kokubanjwa okungenani.

Umsebenzi womzimba ngaphakathi kwezinkombandlela zikadokotela wakho ungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuxhumana kwakho. Kungasiza futhi ukulimala komzimba okuhamba kancane. Izinhlobo ezingaba khona zomsebenzi womzimba zifaka:

• ukubhukuda
• ukuzelula
• ukulinganisa izivivinyo
• ukuhamba

Ungathola amaqembu osizo nawokuzisiza uma uneminyakazo engalawuleki. Cela usizo kudokotela wakho ekutholeni nasekujoyineni lezi zinhlobo zamaqembu.