Ama-Movie ama-5 Athola It Right: Okuhlangenwe Nakho Komuntu nge-HIV ne-AIDS

-Delile

• Ukuqwashisa kusenesikhathi
• Umthelela womuntu siqu wenkinga yezempilo yomphakathi
• Ebheka emuva
• Iqembu lombhikisho le-AIDS elidume kakhulu emhlabeni
• Abasinde esikhathini eside bakhombisa indlela eya phambili

Indlela okuvezwa futhi kuxoxwe ngayo nge-HIV ne-AIDS kwabezindaba ishintshe kakhulu emashumini eminyaka adlule. Kwakungo-1981 kuphela - eminyakeni engaphansi kwengu-40 eyedlule - lapho i-New York Times yashicilela khona udaba olwalwaziwa kabi njengendaba “yomdlavuza wezitabane”.

Namuhla, sinolwazi oluningi kakhulu nge-HIV ne-AIDS, kanye nokwelashwa okusebenzayo. Endleleni, abenzi bamafilimu benze ubuciko futhi babhala ngamaqiniso ezimpilo zabantu kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo nge-HIV ne-AIDS. Lezi zindaba zenze okungaphezu kokuthinta izinhliziyo zabantu. Baye baqwashisa futhi baqhakambisa ubuso bomuntu obubhubhane.

Eziningi zalezi zindaba zigxile ikakhulukazi ezimpilweni zamadoda athandana namanye. Lapha, ngibheka ngokujulile ama-movie nama-documentary amahlanu okuthola kahle ekuboniseni okuhlangenwe nakho kwamadoda angama-gay kulo bhubhane.

Ukuqwashisa kusenesikhathi

Bangaphezu kuka-5 000 abantu ababebulewe yizinkinga ezihlobene nengculazi e-United States ngesikhathi “Isithwathwa Sokuqala” sisakazwa ngoNovemba 11, 1985. Umlingisi uRock Hudson wayeshone enyangeni eyedlule, ngemuva kokuba ngumuntu wokuqala odumile ukuphumela obala mayelana Isimo se-HIV ekuqaleni kwalelo hlobo. I-HIV yabe seyikhonjwe njengembangela yengculazi ngonyaka owandulele. Futhi, selokhu yavunywa ekuqaleni kuka-1985, ukuhlolwa kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza kwase kuqalile ukwazisa abantu ukuthi ubani "onalo" nokuthi ngubani ongenalo.

Umdlalo owenzelwe ithelevishini udonse ababukeli abaningi be-TV kuneMonday Night Football. Ithole izindondo ezintathu kwezingu-14 ze-Emmy Award eyitholile. Kodwa ilahlekelwe uhhafu wesigidi samaRandi ngoba abakhangisi babenamahloni mayelana nokuxhasa ifilimu nge-HIV-AIDS.

Ku- "An Frost Early," u-Aidan Quinn - esanda kudlala indima yakhe ekulingiseni "Ukufuna Ngokulangazelela USusan" - utshengisa ummeli waseChicago ovelele uMichael Pierson, olangazelela ukwenza umlingani efemini yakhe. Uzimisele ngokulinganayo ukufihla ubudlelwano bakhe nesithandwa esihlala kuPeter (D.W Moffett).

Ukukhwehlela okuqala ukusizwa lapho uMichael ehleli kupiyano likanina omkhulu kuya ngokuya kuba kubi. Ekugcineni, uyawa phakathi nomsebenzi wasemuva enkampanini yabameli. Ungeniswe esibhedlela okokuqala ngqa.

“Ingculazi? Ngabe ungitshela ukuthi ngine-AIDS? ” kusho uMichael kudokotela wakhe, udidekile futhi uthukuthele ngemuva kokukholwa ukuthi uzivikele. Njengabantu abaningi, akakaqondi ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi wangenwa yi-HIV eminyakeni eyedlule.

Udokotela uqinisekisa uMichael ukuthi akusona isifo "sobungqingili". “Akuzange kube njalo,” kusho udokotela. "Abesilisa abayizitabane bebengabokuqala ukuyithola kuleli, kodwa kube khona abanye - abanesifo sokushayisana komzimba, abasebenzisa izidakamizwa, futhi akugcini lapho."

Ngaphandle kwezinwele ezinkulu namabhantshi anamahlombe abanzi ama-1980, ukuvezwa kwendoda eyisitabane ene-AIDS ku- "An Early Frost" kuzwakala ekhaya. Eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu kamuva, abantu basakwazi ukubona inkinga yakhe. Udinga ukunikeza umndeni wakhe wasedolobheni izingcezu ezimbili zezindaba ngasikhathi sinye: "Ngingungqingili futhi ngine-AIDS."

Umthelela womuntu siqu wenkinga yezempilo yomphakathi

Ngokuhlola umthelela we-HIV ne-AIDS ezingeni eliseduze, lomuntu siqu, i- "An Early Frost" ibeke ijubane kwamanye ama-movie alandelayo.

Ngo-1989, isibonelo, i- “Longtime Companion” kwaba yifilimu yokuqala eyakhishwa kabanzi ukugxila kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabantu abane-HIV ne-AIDS. Igama le-movie livela egameni i-New York Times elisetshenziswe ngawo-1980 ukuchaza umlingani wobulili obufanayo bomuntu owabulawa ukugula okuhlobene nengculazi. Indaba empeleni iqala ngoJulayi 3, 1981, lapho i-New York Times ishicilela udaba lwayo mayelana "nokuqubuka" komdlavuza ongajwayelekile emphakathini wezitabane.

Ngochungechunge lwezigcawu ezinesigxivizo sosuku, sibuka inani elilimazayo lokunganqandwa kwezifo ezihlobene ne-HIV ne-AIDS emadodeni amaningana nakumbuthano wabangane bawo. Izimo nezimpawu esizibonayo zifaka ukulahleka kwesilawuli sesinye, ukuquleka, inyumoniya, i-toxoplasmosis, ne-dementia - phakathi kokunye.

Isigcawu esidumile sokuvala se- “Longtime Companion” saba kwabaningi bethu umthandazo owabiwe. Abalingiswa abathathu bahamba ndawonye ogwini lolwandle eFire Island, bekhumbula isikhathi ngaphambi kwengculaza, bezibuza ngokuthola ikhambi. Ngokulandelana okufushane okuyiphupho, bazungezwe, njengokuvakashelwa kwasezulwini, ngabangane babo abathandekayo abangasekho nabathandekayo babo - abagijimayo, abahlekayo, abaphilayo - abasheshe baphele futhi.

Ebheka emuva

Intuthuko kwezokwelapha yenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthi uphile impilo ende, enempilo ne-HIV, ngaphandle kokuqhubekela phambili ku-AIDS kanye nezinkinga zayo ezihlobene nayo. Kepha amafilimu akamuva kakhulu enza kucace amanxeba angokwengqondo okuphila iminyaka eminingi ngokugula okucwaswa kakhulu. Kwabaningi, lawo manxeba angazwela ekujuleni kwamathambo - futhi angabukela phansi nalabo asebekwazile ukuphila isikhathi eside.

Izingxoxo nabesilisa abane abayizitabane - umeluleki we-Shanti u-Ed Wolf, isishoshovu sezepolitiki uPaul Boneberg, umculi one-HIV uDaniel Goldstein, isazi sezimbali somdanso uGuy Clark - nomhlengikazi ongungqingili u-Eileen Glutzer baletha inkinga ye-HIV eSan Francisco icace, ikhumbule impilo kwi-documentary ka-2011 “Besilapha.” Ifilimu iqale ukukhonjiswa kwiSundance Film Festival futhi yahlabana ngemiklomelo eminingi ye-Documentary of the Year.

“Uma ngikhuluma nentsha,” kusho uGoldstein kule filimu, “Bathi‘ Kwakunjani? ’Okuwukuphela kwento engingayifanisa nendawo yempi, kodwa iningi lethu alikaze lihlale endaweni yempi. Wawungazi ukuthi ibhomu lizokwenzani. ”

Kwizishoshovu zomphakathi wezitabane njengoBoneberg, umqondisi wokuqala weqembu lokuqala lomkhankaso wengculaza emhlabeni, iMobilization Against AIDS, impi yayisemaceleni amabili ngasikhathi sinye. Balwa nezinsiza zokubhekana ne-HIV-AIDS yize babebuyela emuva ekulweni nokwanda kwabesilisa abayizitabane. Uthi: “Abafana abanjengami, ngokuzumayo kuleli qembu elincane baphoqeleka ukubhekana nalesi simo esingakholeki somphakathi, ngaphandle kokuzondwa nokuhlaselwa, manje siphoqeleka sodwa ukuzama ukuthola ukuthi sizobhekana kanjani le nhlekelele yezokwelapha engavamile. ”

Iqembu lombhikisho le-AIDS elidume kakhulu emhlabeni

Idokhumentari ephakanyiswe ngu-Oscar ethi "How to Survive a Plague" inikeza ukubukwa ngemuva kwezigcawu emihlanganweni yamasonto onke ye-ACT UP-New York kanye nemibhikisho emikhulu. Kuqala ngombhikisho wokuqala, eWall Street, ngoMashi 1987 ngemuva kokuthi i-AZT ibe yisidakamizwa sokuqala esigunyazwe yi-FDA ukwelapha i-HIV. Futhi kwakungumuthi obiza kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili, owawubiza u- $ 10,000 ngonyaka.

Mhlawumbe umzuzu ohlaba umxhwele kakhulu wefilimu isigqoko sesishoshovu sikaLarry Kramer seqembu uqobo lwaso ngesikhathi somunye wemihlangano yaso. UTHI: “I-ACT UP ithathwe wumphetho wobuhlanya,” usho kanje. “Akekho umuntu ovumelana nanoma yini, esingakwenza nje ukufaka abantu abangamakhulu ambalwa embukisweni. Lokho ngeke kwenze ukuthi noma ngubani anake. Hhayi size sithole izigidi laphaya. Angeke sikwenze lokho. Konke esikwenzayo ukukhetha omunye komunye, nokuthethisana. Ngisho into efanayo kuwe engayisho ngo-1981, lapho kwakukhona amacala angama-41: Kuze kube yilapho sihlanganisa izenzo zethu, sonke, kufana nokuthi sifile. ”

Lawo mazwi angazwakala esabeka, kodwa futhi ayakhuthaza. Lapho ubhekene nobunzima nokugula, abantu bangakhombisa amandla angakholeki. Ilungu lesibili elidume kakhulu le-ACT UP, uPeter Staley, ucabanga ngalokhu ngasekupheleni kwefilimu. Uthi, “Ukusongelwa ngokuqothulwa, nokuthi hhayi walala phansi, kepha esikhundleni salokho ukusukuma silwe ngendlela esenze ngayo, indlela esizinakekele ngayo thina nabanye, ubuhle esabukhombisa, ubuntu esabukhombisa umhlaba, buyamangaza nje, kuyamangalisa . ”

Abasinde esikhathini eside bakhombisa indlela eya phambili

Uhlobo olufanayo lokuqina okumangazayo luvela emadodeni angama-gay afakwe kwi "Last Men Standing," idokhumentari ka-2016 ekhishwe yiSan Francisco Chronicle. Le filimu igxila kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabasinde isikhathi eside be-HIV eSan Francisco. Lawa ngamadoda abephila naleli gciwane edlula kude “nezinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi” obekulindelekile ezabikezelwa eminyakeni eyedlule ngokuya ngolwazi lwezokwelapha ngaleso sikhathi.

Ngokuphikisana nokwenzeka okumangalisayo kwaseSan Francisco, ifilimu ihlanganisa ndawonye ukubonwa kwamadoda ayisishiyagalombili kanye nomhlengikazi wesifazane onakekele abantu abaphila negciwane lesandulela ngculaza eSan Francisco General Hospital selokhu kwaqala ubhadane.

Njengamafilimu ango-1980, "Abesilisa Bokugcina Abamile" kusikhumbuza ukuthi ubhadane olukhulu njenge-HIV-AIDS - i-UNAIDS ibika ukuthi amadoda nabesifazane abalinganiselwa ezigidini ezingama-76.1 bathole i-HIV selokhu amacala okuqala abikwa ngo-1981 - esafika ezindabeni ezihlukile . Izindaba ezihamba phambili, njengalezo ezikwifilimu, zisikhumbuza sonke ukuthi impilo iyonke yehlela ezindabeni esizitshela zona ngalokho okuhlangenwe nakho kwethu, futhi kwezinye izimo, ukuhlupheka, “kusho”.

Ngoba "Abesilisa Bokugcina Bemile" bagubha ubuntu bezikhonzi zayo - ukukhathazeka kwabo, ukwesaba, ithemba nenjabulo - umyalezo wayo ubanzi. UGanymede, umuntu ophambili kule-documentary, unikeza umlayezo wokuhlakanipha okuzuze kanzima okungasiza noma ngubani ozimisele ukuwuzwa.

Uthi: “Angifuni ngempela ukukhuluma ngokuhlukumezeka nobuhlungu engadlula kubo, ngokwengxenye ngoba abantu abaningi abafuni ukukuzwa, ngokwengxenye ngoba kubuhlungu kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuthi indaba iqhubeke kodwa akudingeki sihlupheke ngendaba. Sifuna ukudedela lokho kuhlukumezeka bese sidlulela empilweni ephilayo. Ngakho-ke yize ngifuna leyo ndaba ingakhohlakali, angifuni ukuthi kube yindaba eqhuba impilo yethu. Indaba yokuqina, injabulo, injabulo yokusinda, yokuthuthuka, yokufunda okubalulekile nokuyigugu empilweni - yilokho engifuna ukuphila ngakho. ”

UJohn-Manuel Andriote oyintatheli yezempilo isikhathi eside kanye nezokwelapha ungumbhali we Ukunqoba Okudlulisiwe: Ingculaza Yashintsha Kanjani Impilo Yobungqingili eMelika. Incwadi yakhe yakamuva ngu I-Stonewall Strong: Ukulwa Nobuqhawe Kwabesilisa Abesilisa Abangqingili, Impilo Kahle, kanye Nomphakathi Onamandla. U-Andriote ubhala i- Ibhulogi le- "Stonewall Strong" ekuqineni kwePsychology Namuhla.