I-mutism ekhethiwe: iyini, izici nokuthi ungayiphatha kanjani
-Delile
I-mutism ekhethiwe yisifo esingajwayelekile esingokwengqondo esivame ukuthinta izingane eziphakathi kweminyaka emi-2 nengu-5 ubudala, esivame kakhulu emantombazaneni. Izingane ezinalesi sifo zingakwazi ukuxhumana nabantu abasondelene nabo, zibe nobunzima bokukhuluma nezinye izingane, othisha noma amalungu omndeni.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-mutism ekhethiwe kuvame ukwenziwa ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu ubudala, ngoba kusukela kuleyo minyaka kuya phambili ingane isivele inamandla okukhuluma futhi iqala ukukhombisa ubunzima bokwenza imisebenzi ethile yomphakathi. Imvamisa ingane ingakwazi ukuxhumana kahle nabazali, izingane zakwabo kanye nabazala bayo, kepha-ke, iba nobunzima bokukhuluma nabanye abantu, kanye nokwazi ukubheka iso, futhi ingakhathazeka impela.
Kubalulekile ukuthi i-mutism ekhethiwe ikhonjwe futhi yelashwe ngosizo lwe-psychologist kanye nodokotela wezifo zengqondo, ngoba ngale ndlela kungenzeka ukuthi kubonakale ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini enye inkinga ehambisanayo engadala lesi sifo, njengezinkinga zokuzwa noma ukuphazamiseka kobuchopho, ukuvumela ukuvumelanisa kangcono uhlobo lwezokwelapha.
Izici eziyinhloko ze-mutism ekhethiwe
Ingane ene-mutism ekhethiwe iyakwazi ukuxhumana kahle endaweni yomndeni, noma kunjalo inezinkinga endaweni enabantu abangaziwa, lapho izizwa khona ukuthi ukuziphatha kwayo kuyabukwa. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izici ezisiza ukukhomba ukuguquguquka okukhethiwe yilezi:
- Kunzima ukuxhumana nezinye izingane;
- Ukuntuleka kokuxhumana nothisha;
- Kunzima ukuziveza, ngisho nangezenzo zomzimba;
- Amahloni ngokweqile;
- Ukuzihlukanisa emphakathini;
- Kunzima ukuya endlini yangasese endaweni ongayijwayele, uchame ibhulukwe lakho, noma udle esikoleni.
Yize zivame kakhulu ezinganeni, i-mutism ekhethiwe nayo ingabonakala kubantu abadala futhi, kulezi zimo, ibizwa ngokuthi i-social phobia, lapho umuntu ezizwa ekhathazeke kakhulu ezimweni ezijwayelekile zansuku zonke, njengokudla esidlangalaleni., Isibonelo, noma lapho ucabanga ngokusungula uhlobo oluthile lokuxhumana. Funda ukuthi ungayibona kanjani ingebhe yomphakathi.
Kungani kwenzeka
I-mutism ekhethiwe ayinayo imbangela ethile, kodwa-ke ingadalwa yizimo ezithile, ezingahle zihlobane nesipiliyoni esingesihle noma ukuhlukumezeka ingane okudlule kukho, njengokungena esikoleni esisha, ukuhlala endaweni yomndeni evikela kakhulu noma babe nabazali abangamagagasi kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhula kwalesi sifo kungahle kuhlobane nezici zofuzo, ngoba kuvame ukwenzeka ezinganeni ezinabazali abanezinkinga ezingokomzwelo kanye / noma zokuziphatha, noma ezihlobene nezici zobuntu bengane ezinjengehlazo, ukukhathazeka ngokweqile, ukwesaba nokunamathiselwe, isibonelo.
Lesi simo singaphinde sithonywe ukuqala kwempilo yesikole noma ushintsho lwedolobha noma izwe, ngokwesibonelo, njengomphumela wokwethuka kwesiko. Kodwa-ke, kulezi zimo kubalulekile ukuthi ukukhula kwengane kubonwe, ngoba ukungabi bikho kokuxhumana akukhona ngenxa ye-mutism ekhethiwe, kepha kufana nesikhathi sokujwayela ingane endaweni entsha. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuthathwe njenge-mutism, kuyadingeka ukuthi izici zalolu shintsho zibe khona ngaphambi koshintsho noma zigcine isilinganiso senyanga engu-1.
Yelashwa kanjani
Ukwelashwa kwe-mutism ekhethiwe kuqukethe izikhathi ze-psychotherapy, lapho udokotela wezengqondo ebeka khona amasu akhuthaza ukuxhumana kwengane, ngaphezu kokuhlola amasu ahlola indlela aziphethe ngayo. Ngakho-ke, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo sikwazi ukwenza ingane izizwe ikhululeke ngokwengeziwe emvelweni ukuze ukuxhumana kwayo kukhethwe.
Kwezinye izimo, kunganconywa yisazi sokusebenza kwengqondo ukuthi ingane nayo ihambisane nodokotela wezifo zengqondo yengane noma ukuthi kube nezikhathi nomndeni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo siqondisa abazali ukuze ukwelashwa kuqhubeke nokukhuthazwa ekhaya, kuncoma ukuthi abazali:
- Ungayiphoqi ingane ukuthi ikhulume;
- Gwema ukuphendulela ingane;
- Dumisa lapho ingane ikhombisa inqubekela phambili kumakhono abo okuxhumana;
- Khuthaza ingane ukuthi yenze izinto ezinzima kakhulu, njengokuthenga isinkwa, isibonelo;
- Yenza ingane ikhululeke endaweni ezungezile, ukuze uyivimbele ekuzizweni ukuthi iyisikhungo sokunakwa.
Ngale ndlela kungenzeka ukuthi ingane ithole ukuzethemba okwengeziwe kokukhulumisana futhi ingakhululeki kangako ezindaweni ezingajwayelekile.
Uma kungekho mpendulo ekwelashweni noma ekuthuthukisweni okusobala, udokotela wezifo zengqondo angakhombisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-serotonin reuptake inhibitors ekhethiwe, ama-SSRIs, asebenza ebuchosheni. Le mithi kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ngokuqondiswa udokotela futhi ezimweni ezihlolwe kahle kakhulu, ngoba azikho izifundo eziningi ezifakazela umthelela wazo ekwelapheni izingane ezinalesi sifo.
Okuthunyelwe Okusha
