Yini Ebangela Lesi Sigaxa Entanyeni Yami?

-Delile

• Ukuqonda izigaxa entanyeni
• Izimo ezidala izigaxa zentamo, ezinezithombe
• I-mononucleosis ethathelwanayo
• Amaqhubu endlala yegilo
• Isigaxa somgodla weBranchial
• Goiter
• Amathumba
• Isifo sikaHodgkin
• I-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
• Umdlavuza wegilo
• Ama-lymph node avuvukile
• I-Lipoma
• Izimpumputhe
• I-pharyngitis yebhaktheriya
• Umdlavuza womphimbo
• I-Actinic keratosis
• I-basal cell carcinoma
• I-squamous cell carcinoma
• I-Melanoma
• URubella
• Umkhuhlane wekati
• Lapho kuvela khona izigaxa zentamo
• Izimbangela ezivamile ezibangelwa izigaxa zentamo
• Umdlavuza
• Amagciwane
• Amagciwane
• Ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Ezinye izimpawu ezihambisana nesigaxa sentamo
• Yini ongayilindela lapho uvakashela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo
• Ukuhlonza isigaxa sentamo
• Ungaselapha kanjani isigaxa sentamo
• Umbono

Ukuqonda izigaxa entanyeni

Isigaxa entanyeni sibizwa nangokuthi isisindo sentamo. Izigaxa zezintamo noma uquqaba lungaba lukhulu futhi lubonakale, noma lungaba lincane kakhulu. Izigaxa eziningi zentamo aziyona ingozi. Iningi futhi linobungozi, noma alinomdlavuza. Kepha isigaxa sentamo singaba futhi uphawu lwesimo esibi, njengokutheleleka noma ukukhula komdlavuza.

Uma unesigaxa sentamo, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kufanele akuhlolisise ngokushesha. Bheka umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha uma unesisindo sentamo esingaqondakali.

Izimo ezidala izigaxa zentamo, ezinezithombe

Izimo eziningi zingadala izigaxa zentamo. Nalu uhlu lwezimbangela eziyi-19 ezingaba khona.

Izithombe eziyisixwayiso ngaphambili.

I-mononucleosis ethathelwanayo

Isithombe ngu: James Heilman, MD (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) noma i-GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl .html)], nge-Wikimedia Commons

• I-mononucleosis ethathelwanayo ivame ukubangelwa igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV)
• Kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ezikoleni zamabanga aphakeme nasezifundweni zasekolishi
• Izimpawu zifaka imfiva, ukuvuvukala kwezindlala, umqala, ikhanda, ukukhathala, ukujuluka ebusuku, nobuhlungu bomzimba
• Izimpawu zingahlala izinyanga ezifika kwezingu-2

Funda i-athikili ephelele mayelana ne-mononucleosis ethathelwanayo.

Amaqhubu endlala yegilo

Isithombe ngu: Nevit Dilmen [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) noma i-GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)], kusuka Wikimedia Commons

• Lezi yizigaxa eziqinile noma ezigcwele uketshezi ezikhula endlala yegilo
• Zihlukaniswa njengabandayo, ezifudumele, noma ezishisayo, kuya ngokuthi zikhiqiza yini ama-hormone e-thyroid noma cha
• Amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid ngokuvamile awanabungozi, kodwa angaba uphawu lwesifo njengomdlavuza noma ukungasebenzi komzimba okuzenzakalelayo
• Indlala yegilo evuvukile noma enesigaxa, ukukhwehlela, izwi elihoshozelayo, ubuhlungu emphinjeni noma entanyeni, ubunzima bokugwinya noma bokuphefumula yizimpawu ezingenzeka
• Izimpawu zingabonisa i-thyroid engasebenzi ngokweqile (i-hyperthyroid) noma i-thyroid engasebenzi (i-hypothyroid)

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngamaqhubu wegilo.

Isigaxa somgodla weBranchial

Isithombe ngu: BigBill58 (Own work) [CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)], nge-Wikimedia Commons

• I-Branchial cleft cyst uhlobo lokukhubazeka kokuzalwa lapho kuvela khona isigaxa kolunye noma ezinhlangothini zombili zentamo yengane noma ngaphansi kokhololo.
• Kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhula kombungu lapho izicubu ezisentanyeni nasekholarbone, noma umhosha we-branchial, zingakhuli ngokujwayelekile.
• Ezimweni eziningi, i-branchial cleft cyst ayiyona ingozi, kepha ingadala ukucasuka kwesikhumba noma ukutheleleka futhi, ezimweni ezingavamile, umdlavuza.
• Izimpawu zifaka i-dimple, iqhubu, noma ithegi yesikhumba entanyeni yengane yakho, ehlombe eliphezulu, noma ngaphansi kancane kwekhola lazo.
• Ezinye izimpawu zifaka ukukhipha uketshezi entanyeni yengane yakho, nokuvuvukala noma isisa esivame ukwenzeka ngokutheleleka okuphezulu okuphefumulayo.

Funda i-athikili ephelele kuma-branchial cleft cysts.

Goiter

Isithombe ngu: UDkt JSBhandari, India (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) noma i-GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft /fdl.html)], nge-Wikimedia Commons

• I-goiter ukukhula okungavamile kwendlala yegilo
• Kungaba kuhle noma kuhlotshaniswe nokwanda noma ukwehla kwehomoni yegilo
• I-Goiters ingahle idonswe ngamakhanda noma isabalalise
• Ukukhuliswa kungadala ubunzima bokugwinya noma ukuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, ukushesha noma isiyezi lapho uphakamisa ingalo yakho ngaphezu kwekhanda lakho

Funda i-athikili ephelele kuma-goiters.

Amathumba

Isithombe ngu: Michaelbladon ngesiNgisi Wikipedia (Kudluliswe kusuka en.wikipedia kuya ku-Commons.) [Isizinda Somphakathi], nge-Wikimedia Commons

• Lokhu ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma kwamagciwane kwama-lymph node
• Izimpawu zifaka phakathi umphimbo obuhlungu, ubunzima bokugwinya, umkhuhlane, ukugodola, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuphefumula kabi
• Ukuvuvukala, amathoni amathenda kanye namabala amhlophe noma aphuzi kumathoni kungenzeka futhi

Funda i-athikili ephelele nge-tonsillitis.

Isifo sikaHodgkin

Isithombe ngu: JHeuser / Wikimedia

• Uphawu oluvame kakhulu ukuvuvukala okungenabuhlungu kwama-lymph node
• Isifo se-Hodgkins singadala ukujuluka ebusuku, isikhumba esilumayo, noma umkhuhlane ongachazeki
• Ukukhathala, ukwehlisa isisindo esingahlosiwe, noma ukukhwehlela okungapheli ezinye zezimpawu

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngesifo se-hodgkin.

I-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Isithombe ngu: Jensflorian [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) noma i-GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)], kusuka ku-Wikimedia Okuvamile

• I-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma yiqembu elihlukahlukene lomdlavuza wamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi
• Izimpawu ze-Classic B zifaka imfiva, ukujuluka ebusuku, kanye nokwehlisa isisindo ngokungenhloso
• Ezinye izimpawu ezingaba khona zibandakanya okungenabuhlungu, ama-lymph node avuvukile, isibindi esikhulisiwe, ubende obukhulisiwe, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukukhathala nokuvuvukala kwesisu

Funda i-athikili ephelele kwi-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Umdlavuza wegilo

• Lo mdlavuza wenzeka lapho amaseli ajwayelekile wegilo eba angajwayelekile futhi eqala ukukhula angalawuleki
• Kuyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yomdlavuza we-endocrine onama-subtypes amaningi
• Izimpawu zifaka phakathi isigaxa emphinjeni, ukukhwehlela, izwi elihoshozelayo, ubuhlungu emphinjeni noma entanyeni, ubunzima bokugwinya, ama-lymph node avuvukile entanyeni, indlala yegilo evuvukile noma enesigaxa

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngomdlavuza wegilo.

Ama-lymph node avuvukile

Isithombe ngu: James Heilman, MD (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) noma i-GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl .html)], nge-Wikimedia Commons

• Ama-lymph node ayavuvukala ekuphenduleni ukugula, ukutheleleka, imishanguzo kanye nengcindezi, noma, kuyaqabukela, umdlavuza kanye nezifo ezizimele
• Izindawo ezivuvukile zingaba nethenda noma zingenabuhlungu, futhi zitholakala endaweni eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kuwo wonke umzimba
• Kuvela izigaxa ezincane, eziqinile, ezimise okwabhontshisi emakhwapheni, ngaphansi komhlathi, ezinhlangothini zentamo, emgodini, noma ngaphezulu kokhololo
• Ama-lymph node abhekwa njengokuvuvukala uma emakhulu kuno-1 kuya ku-2 cm ngosayizi

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngama-lymph node avuvukile.

I-Lipoma

• Ithambile lapho uyithinta futhi ihamba kalula uma iqhutshwa ngomunwe wakho
• Incane, ngaphansi kwesikhumba kuphela, futhi iphaphathekile noma ayinambala
• Imvamisa itholakala entanyeni, emuva, noma emahlombe
• Kubuhlungu kuphela uma ikhula ibe yizinzwa

Funda i-athikili ephelele nge-lipoma.

Izimpumputhe

Isithombe ngu: Afrodriguezg (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], nge-Wikimedia Commons

• Izimpumputhe yisifo esithathelwana ngokweqile esidalwa yigciwane le-mumps Sisakazeka ngamathe, uketshezi lwamakhala, kanye nokusondelana nabantu abasondelene nabo
• Imfiva, ukukhathala, ubuhlungu bomzimba, ikhanda nokulahlekelwa ukudla kuvamile
• Ukuvuvukala kwezindlala ze-salivary (parotid) kubangela ukuvuvukala, ingcindezi nobuhlungu ezihlathini
• Izinkinga zokutheleleka zibandakanya ukuvuvukala kwamasende (orchitis), ukuvuvukala kwama-ovari, i-meningitis, i-encephalitis, i-pancreatitis, kanye nokulahleka kokuzwa okungapheli
• Ukugoma kuvikela ukutheleleka komqubuko kanye nezinkinga zomqumbe

Funda i-athikili ephelele emgqonyeni.

I-pharyngitis yebhaktheriya

Isithombe ngo-: en: Umsebenzisi: RescueFF [Isizinda Somphakathi], nge-Wikimedia Commons

• I-bacterial pharyngitis ukuvuvukala ngemuva komphimbo okubangelwa ukutheleleka kwamagciwane noma kwegciwane
• Kubanga umphimbo obuhlungu, owomile noma okhandlayo ohambisana nezinye izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukugodola, ubuhlungu bomzimba, ukuminyana kwamakhala, ama-lymph node avuvukile, ikhanda, ukukhwehlela, ukukhathala noma isicanucanu
• Isikhathi sezimpawu sincike embangela yokutheleleka

Funda i-athikili ephelele nge-bacterial pharyngitis.

Umdlavuza womphimbo

Isithombe ngu: James Heilman, MD [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], kusuka ku-Wikimedia Commons

• Lokhu kuhlanganisa umdlavuza webhokisi lezwi, izintambo zezwi, nezinye izingxenye zomphimbo, njengamalaka kanye ne-oropharynx
• Kungenzeka ngesimo se-squamous cell carcinoma noma i-adenocarcinoma
• Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukushintsha kwezwi, ubunzima bokugwinya, ukwehla kwesisindo, umphimbo, ukukhwehlela, ama-lymph node avuvukile, nokuhefuzela
• Kuvame kakhulu kubantu abanomlando wokubhema, ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokweqile, ukushoda ngovithamini A, ukuvezwa kwe-asbestos, i-HPV yomlomo, nokuhlanzeka kwamazinyo okungalungile

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngomdlavuza womphimbo.

I-Actinic keratosis

• Imvamisa ingaphansi kuka-2 cm, noma icishe ibe ngosayizi wesisuli sepensela
• Isigaxa sesikhumba esijiyile, esinamaxolo, noma esigaxekile
• Kubonakala ezingxenyeni zomzimba ezithola ilanga eliningi (izandla, izingalo, ubuso, isikhumba, nentamo)
• Imvamisa umbala obomvana kodwa ungaba nesisekelo esinsundu, esansundu noma esimpunga

Funda i-athikili ephelele nge-actinic keratosis.

I-basal cell carcinoma

• Izindawo eziphakanyisiwe, eziqinile neziphaphathekile ezingafana nesibazi
• Izindawo ezinjenge-Dome, ezibomvana noma ezibomvu, ezicwebezelayo nezikaparele ezingaba nendawo yokushona phakathi, njengentaba-mlilo
• Imithambo yegazi ebonakalayo ekukhuleni
• Ukopha okulula noma isilonda esigobhoza okungabonakali ukuphola, noma ukuphola bese kuvela futhi

Funda i-athikili ephelele nge-basal cell carcinoma.

I-squamous cell carcinoma

• Imvamisa kwenzeka ezindaweni ezivezwa yimisebe ye-UV, njengobuso, izindlebe, nangemuva kwezandla
• Isikhumba, isikhumba esibomvu ngokubomvu siqhubekela ebhumini eliphakeme eliqhubeka nokukhula
• Ukukhula okuphuma igazi kalula futhi okungapholi, noma okuphulukisayo bese kuvela kabusha

Funda i-athikili ephelele nge-squamous cell carcinoma.

I-Melanoma

• Uhlobo olubucayi kakhulu lomdlavuza wesikhumba, oluvame kakhulu kubantu abanebala elikhanyayo
• Imoleki noma ikuphi emzimbeni onemiphetho emise ngokungajwayelekile, ukuma kwe-asymmetrical, nemibala eminingi
• Imole esishintshe umbala noma yaba nkulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Imvamisa kukhulu kunokusula ipensela

Funda i-athikili ephelele nge-melanoma.

URubella

Ukunikezwa kwesithombe: [Isizinda Somphakathi], nge-Wikimedia Commons

• Lesi sifo samagciwane saziwa nangokuthi isimungumungwane saseJalimane
• Ukuqhuma okubomvana noma okubomvu kuqala ebusweni bese kusakazeka kwehle kuye wonke umzimba
• Umkhuhlane omncane, ama-lymph node avuvukile nethenda, impumu egijimayo noma egcwele, ikhanda, ubuhlungu bemisipha, amehlo avuvukile noma abomvu ezinye zezimpawu
• I-Rubella yisimo esibi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ngoba ingadala isifo se-rubella syndrome esibelethweni
• Kuvinjelwe ngokuthola imigomo ejwayelekile yobuntwana

Funda i-athikili ephelele nge-rubella.

Umkhuhlane wekati

• Lesi sifo singenwa ukulunywa nokuklwebheka kwamakati atheleleke kuwo UBartonella henselae amagciwane
• Ukuqhuma noma ibhamuza livela lapho kulunywa khona noma ekuqaleni
• Ama-lymph node avuvukile eduze kwendawo yokuluma noma yokunwaya Umkhuhlane ophansi, ukukhathala, ikhanda, ubuhlungu bomzimba ngezinye zezimpawu zawo

Funda i-athikili ephelele ngomkhuhlane wekati.

Lapho kuvela khona izigaxa zentamo

Isigaxa entanyeni singaba lukhuni noma sithambe, sithambe noma singabi sethenda. Izigaxa zingatholakala ngaphakathi noma ngaphansi kwesikhumba, njenge-cyst sebaceous, cystic acne, noma lipoma. I-lipoma ukukhula okunamafutha okunempilo. Isigaxa singavela nezicubu nezitho ngaphakathi kwentamo yakho.

Lapho isigaxa sivela khona sidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi siyini. Ngoba kunemisipha eminingi, izicubu nezitho zomzimba eduze kwentamo, kunezindawo eziningi lapho kungavela khona izigaxa zentamo, kufaka phakathi:

• ama-lymph node
• indlala yegilo
• izindlala ze-parathyroid, okuyizindlala ezine ezincane ezitholakala ngemuva kwendlala yegilo
• izinzwa zelaryngeal eziphindaphindayo, ezenza ukuhamba kwezintambo zezwi
• imisipha yentamo
• i-trachea, noma i-windpipe
• umphimbo, noma ibhokisi lezwi
• umgogodla womlomo wesibeletho
• izinzwa zesistimu yezinzwa enozwelo ne-parasympathetic
• i-plexus ye-brachial, okuwuchungechunge lwezinzwa ezinikezela ngamalungu akho aphezulu kanye nemisipha ye-trapezius
• izindlala zamathe
• imithambo ehlukahlukene nemithambo

Izimbangela ezivamile ezibangelwa izigaxa zentamo

I-lymph node ekhulisiwe iyimbangela evame kakhulu yesigaxa sentamo. Ama-lymph node aqukethe amaseli asiza umzimba wakho ukulwa nezifo futhi uhlasele amaseli amabi, noma umdlavuza. Uma ugula, ama-lymph node akho angakhuliswa ukusiza ukulwa nokutheleleka. Ezinye izimbangela ezivamile zama-lymph node akhulisiwe afaka:

• izifo zendlebe
• izifo zesinus
• imithambo
• strep umphimbo
• izifo zamazinyo
• ukutheleleka kwamagciwane ekhanda

Kunezinye izifo ezingadala isigaxa sentamo:

• Izifo ezizimele, umdlavuza, nokunye ukuphazamiseka kwendlala yegilo, njenge-goiter ngenxa yokushoda kwe-iodine, kungadala ukwandiswa kwengxenye noma yonke indlala yakho yegilo.
• Ama-virus, njengamagundane, angenza izindlala zakho zamathe zikhuliswe.
• Ukulimala noma i-torticollis kungadala isigaxa emisipheni yentamo yakho.

Umdlavuza

Izigaxa eziningi zentamo zinobungozi, kepha umdlavuza uyimbangela engenzeka. Kubantu abadala, ithuba lokuthi isigaxa sentamo sinomdlavuza liyakhula ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-50, ngokusho kweCleveland Clinic. Izinketho zokuphila, ezifana nokubhema nokuphuza, nazo zingaba nomthelela.

Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kukagwayi notshwala yizici ezimbili eziyingozi kakhulu zomdlavuza womlomo nomphimbo, ngokusho kwe-American Cancer Society (ACS). Esinye isici esijwayelekile sengozi yomdlavuza wentamo, umphimbo, nomlomo yisifo se-papillomavirus (HPV) somuntu. Lesi sifo sithathelwana ngocansi, futhi kuvame kakhulu. I-ACS ithi izimpawu zokutheleleka nge-HPV manje sezitholakala ezingxenyeni ezimbili kwezintathu zawo wonke umdlavuza womphimbo.

Umdlavuza ovela njengesigaxa entanyeni ungafaka:

• umdlavuza wegilo
• umdlavuza wezicubu zekhanda nezentamo
• I-lymphoma kaHodgkin
• i-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
• i-leukemia
• ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, kufaka phakathi iphaphu, umphimbo, nomdlavuza webele
• izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba, njenge-actinic keratosis, i-basal cell carcinoma, i-squamous cell carcinoma, ne-melanoma

Amagciwane

Uma sicabanga ngamagciwane, sivame ukucabanga ngomkhuhlane ovamile nomkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, kunamanye amagciwane amaningi angatheleleka kubantu, amaningi awo angadala isigaxa entanyeni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• I-HIV
• i-herpes simplex
• mononucleosis esithathelwanayo, noma i-mono
• rubella
• i-pharyngitis yegciwane

Amagciwane

Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kungadala izinkinga zentamo nomphimbo, okuholele ekuvukeleni nasigaxeni sentamo. Kubandakanya:

• ukutheleleka okuvela ku-atypical mycobacterium, uhlobo lwama-bacteria oluvame kakhulu kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka nezifo zamaphaphu
• umkhuhlane wekati
• ithumba le-peritonsillar, okuyithumba eliseduze noma eduze kwamathoni
• strep umphimbo
• imithambo
• isifo sofuba
• i-pharyngitis yebhaktheriya

Eziningi zalezi zifo zingaphathwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane.

Ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona

Izigaxa zezintambo nazo zingabangelwa ama-lipomas, akhula ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Zingabangelwa futhi yi-branchial cleft cyst noma amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid.

Kunezinye izimbangela, ezingavamile kakhulu zezigaxa zentamo. Ukungezwani komzimba nemithi nokudla kungadala izigaxa zentamo. Itshe elisemseleni wamathe, elingavimba amathe, lingadala nesigaxa sentamo.

Ezinye izimpawu ezihambisana nesigaxa sentamo

Ngoba iqhubu lentamo lingadalwa yizimo nezifo ezinhlobonhlobo, kungaba nezinye izimpawu eziningi ezihlobene. Abanye abantu ngeke babe nezimpawu. Abanye bazoba nezimpawu ezithile ezihlobene nesimo esidala isigaxa sentamo.

Uma isigaxa sakho sentamo sibangelwa ukutheleleka futhi ama-lymph node akho enwetshiwe, ungahle ube nomphimbo obuhlungu, ubunzima bokugwinya, noma ubuhlungu endlebeni. Uma isigaxa sakho sentamo sivimba indlela yakho yomoya, ungahle ube nenkinga yokuphefumula noma uzwakale uphundula lapho ukhuluma.

Kwesinye isikhathi abantu abanezigaxa zentamo ezidalwa ngumdlavuza baba nezinguquko zesikhumba ezungeze indawo. Bangaba negazi noma i-phlegm ematheni abo.

Yini ongayilindela lapho uvakashela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kungenzeka afune ukukubuza ngomlando wakho wezempilo, kufaka phakathi imininingwane mayelana nemikhuba yakho yokuphila nezimpawu zakho. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzofuna ukwazi ukuthi ubenesikhathi esingakanani ubhema noma uphuza nokuthi ubhema noma uphuza kangakanani nsuku zonke. Bazophinde bafune ukwazi ukuthi izimpawu zakho zaqala nini nokuthi zinzima kangakanani. Lokhu kuzolandelwa ukuhlolwa komzimba.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzohlola ngokucophelela:

• isikhumba sekhanda
• izindlebe
• amehlo
• ikhala
• umlomo
• umphimbo
• intamo

Bazophinde babheke noma yiziphi izinguquko zesikhumba ezingavamile nezinye izimpawu ezihlobene nazo.

Ukuhlonza isigaxa sentamo

Ukuxilongwa kwakho kuzosuselwa kwizimpawu zakho, umlando, kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa komzimba. Kwezinye izimo, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakudlulisela kuchwepheshe wezindlebe, ikhala, nomphimbo (ENT) ukuze kuhlolwe kabanzi lezo zingxenye zomzimba kanye nezono zakho.

Isazi se-ENT singenza i-oto-rhino-laryngoscopy. Ngesikhathi sale nqubo, bazosebenzisa insimbi ekhanyisiwe ukubona izindawo zezindlebe zakho, ikhala, nomphimbo ezingabonakali ngenye indlela. Lokhu kuhlola akudingi i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, ngakho-ke uzobe uphapheme ngesikhathi senqubo.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo nanoma yimuphi uchwepheshe angaqhuba izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ukuthola imbangela yesigaxa sentamo yakho. Ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC) kungenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe impilo yakho yonke jikelele futhi kunikezwe ukuqonda ngezimo eziningi ezingaba khona. Isibonelo, isibalo sakho segazi elimhlophe (i-WBC) singaba phezulu uma unesifo.

Okunye ukuhlolwa okungenzeka kufaka:

• i-sinus X-ray
• i-X-ray yesifuba, evumela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuthi abone ukuthi kunenkinga yini emaphashini akho, ku-trachea, noma kuma-lymph node wesifuba
• i-ultrasound yentamo, okuwukuhlolwa okungavumelekile okusebenzisa amagagasi omsindo ukuhlola izigaxa zentamo
• I-MRI yekhanda nentamo, eyenza izithombe eziningiliziwe zezakhiwo ezisekhanda nasentanyeni yakho

Ungaselapha kanjani isigaxa sentamo

Uhlobo lokwelashwa kwesigaxa sentamo luxhomeke embangela eyimbangela. Izigaxa ezibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane ziphathwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane. Izinketho zokwelashwa komdlavuza wekhanda nentamo zifaka phakathi ukuhlinzwa, imisebe kanye nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali.

Ukutholwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kuyisihluthulelo sokwelashwa ngempumelelo kwesizathu esiyimbangela yesigaxa sentamo. Ngokwe-American Academy of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, umdlavuza omningi ekhanda nasentanyeni ungalapheka ngemiphumela engemihle embalwa uma usheshe watholakala.

Umbono

Izigaxa zezintambo zingenzeka kunoma ngubani, futhi akuzona njalo izimpawu zodaba olubucayi lwezempilo. Kodwa-ke, uma unesigaxa sentamo, kubalulekile ukubona umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze aqiniseke. Njengazo zonke izifo, kungcono ukuthola ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma isigaxa sakho sentamo kuvele ukuthi sidalwe okuthile okubucayi.

Funda le ndatshana ngeSpanishi