I-Neuroblastoma

-Delile

• Isifinyezo
• Yini i-neuroblastoma?
• Yini ebangela i-neuroblastoma?
• Ziyini izimpawu ze-neuroblastoma?
• Ihlonza kanjani i-neuroblastoma?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-neuroblastoma?

Isifinyezo

Yini i-neuroblastoma?

I-Neuroblastoma wuhlobo lomdlavuza olwakheka kumaseli ezinzwa abizwa ngama-neuroblasts. Ama-Neuroblasts ayizicubu zemizwa ezingavuthiwe. Imvamisa ziphenduka zibe ngamangqamuzana ezinzwa asebenzayo. Kodwa ku-neuroblastoma, bakha isimila.

I-Neuroblastoma ivame ukuqala kwizindlala ze-adrenal. Unezindlala ezimbili ze-adrenal, eyodwa ngaphezulu kwesinso ngasinye. Izindlala ze-adrenal zenza ama-hormone abalulekile asiza ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi, ushukela wegazi, kanye nendlela umzimba ophendula ngayo ekucindezelekeni. I-Neuroblastoma nayo ingaqala entanyeni, esifubeni noma emgogodleni.

Yini ebangela i-neuroblastoma?

I-Neuroblastoma ibangelwa ukuguqulwa (izinguquko) kwezakhi zofuzo. Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela yokuguquka kwezinguquko ayaziwa. Kwezinye izimo, ukuguqulwa kudluliselwa kusuka kumzali kuya enganeni.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-neuroblastoma?

I-Neuroblastoma ivame ukuqala ebuntwaneni. Kwesinye isikhathi iqala ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwengane. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu kubangelwa isimila ukucindezela izicubu eziseduze njengoba sikhula noma umdlavuza usabalalela ethanjeni.

• Isigaxa esiswini, entanyeni noma esifubeni
• Amehlo aqhamukayo
• Imibuthano emnyama ezungeze amehlo
• Ubuhlungu bamathambo
• Isisu esivuvukele nenkinga yokuphefumula ezinganeni
• Izigaxa ezingenabuhlungu, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphansi kwesikhumba ezinganeni
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa ingxenye yomzimba (ukukhubazeka)

Ihlonza kanjani i-neuroblastoma?

Ukuxilonga i-neuroblastoma, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo yengane yakho uzokwenza izivivinyo nezinqubo ezahlukahlukene, ezingafaka

• Umlando wezokwelapha
• Ukuhlolwa kwemizwa
• Ukufanekisa izivivinyo, njenge-x-ray, i-CT scan, i-ultrasound, i-MRI, noma i-MIBG scan. Kusikena se-MIBG, inani elincane lezinto ezinemisebe ejojelwa emthanjeni. Ihamba egazini futhi izinamathele kunoma yimaphi amaseli e-neuroblastoma. Isithwebuli sithola amaseli.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo
• I-Biopsy, lapho isampula lezicubu lisuswa futhi lihlolwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu
• Ukufiswa komnkantsha we-Bone kanye ne-biopsy, lapho kususwa khona umnkantsha, igazi, nocezu oluncane lwethambo ukuze kuhlolwe

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-neuroblastoma?

Ukwelashwa kwe-neuroblastoma kufaka:

• Ukuqaphela, okubizwa nangokuthi ukulinda okulindile, lapho umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo enganikezi ukwelashwa kuze kuvele izimpawu noma izimpawu zengane yakho noma zishintshe
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• I-chemotherapy ephezulu kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe okusindisa nge-stem cell. Ingane yakho izothola imithamo ephezulu yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nemisebe. Lokhu kubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza, kodwa futhi kubulala namaseli anempilo. Ngakho-ke ingane yakho izothola ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell, imvamisa amaseli ayo aqoqwe ngaphambili. Lokhu kusiza ukufaka esikhundleni samaseli aphilile abelahlekile.
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Iodine 131-MIBG, ukwelashwa nge-iodine enemisebe. Iodine enemisebe iqoqa kumaseli e-neuroblastoma bese iwabulala ngemisebe enikezwayo.
• Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe, okusebenzisa izidakamizwa noma ezinye izinto ezihlasela amangqamuzana athile omdlavuza ngokulimaza okuncane kumaseli ajwayelekile

I-NIH: Isikhungo Somdlavuza Kazwelonke