Ukuqunjelwa okwenziwe yi-Opioid: Ungakuthola Kanjani Ukukhululeka

-Delile

• Imithi yokuqunjelwa eyenziwe nge-opioid
• I-Over-the-counter (OTC)
• Incwadi kadokotela
• Izindlela zemvelo zokuqunjelwa okubangelwa i-opioid
• Fibre ibhekwa
• I-aloe vera
• USenna
• Amakhambi asekhaya wokuqunjelwa okubangelwa i-opioid
• Ukuthatha

Ukuqunjelwa okubangelwa i-opioid

Ama-opioid, uhlobo lwemithi yobuhlungu kadokotela, angadala uhlobo oluthile lokuqunjelwa olwaziwa ngokuthi ukuqunjelwa okubangelwa i-opioid (OIC). Izidakamizwa ze-opioid zifaka phakathi imishanguzo yobuhlungu efana nale:

• i-oxycodone (OxyContin)
• i-hydrocodone (i-Zohydro ER)
• ikhodi
• morphine

Le mithi iyasebenza ngoba ivimba izimpawu zobuhlungu ngokunamathisela kuma-receptors kulo lonke uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa. Lawa ma-receptors nawo atholakala emathunjini akho.

Lapho ama-opioid enamathisela kuma-receptors esiswini sakho, andisa isikhathi esithatha indle ukudlula ohlelweni lwakho lwamathumbu.

Ukuqunjelwa kuchazwa njengokuhamba kwamathumbu ngaphansi kwesithathu ngesonto. Noma yikuphi kusuka kumaphesenti angama-41 kuya kwangu-81 abantu abathatha ama-opioid ngenxa yokuqunjelwa kwesifo esingelapheki. Kunemithi nezindlela zemvelo nezasekhaya ezingakusiza uthole ukukhululeka.

Imithi yokuqunjelwa eyenziwe nge-opioid

I-Over-the-counter (OTC)

• Isihlalo sesithambisi: Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-docusate (Colace) ne-docusate calcium (Surfak). Bandisa inani lamanzi kukholoni yakho futhi basiza indle ukuthi idlule kalula.
• Ukugqugquzela: Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-biscacodyl (i-Ducodyl, i-Dulcolax) ne-senna-sennosides (iSenokot). Lokhu kudala umsebenzi wamathumbu ngokwanda kokuphambana kwamathumbu.
• Ama-Osmotic: Ama-Osmotic asiza ukuhamba kuketshezi kukholoni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-oral magnesium hydroxide (Phillips Milk yeMagnesia) ne-polyethylene glycol (MiraLAX).

Amafutha amaminerali yi-laxative yokugcoba esiza futhi ukuthi isitokisi sidlule kukholoni. Itholakala njengenketho ye-OTC efomini lomlomo nelingunxande.

I-enema noma i-suppository efakwe ku-rectum ingathambisa indle futhi ivuselele ukusebenza kwamathumbu. Kukhona ubungozi bokulimaza i-rectum uma ifakwe ngokungafanele.

Incwadi kadokotela

Imithi kadokotela ngokukhethekile ye-OIC kufanele ilaphe inkinga empandeni yayo. Le mithi ivimba imiphumela yama-opioid esiswini futhi isize indle ukudlula kalula. Imibhalo evunyelwe ukwelashwa kwe-OIC ifaka phakathi:

• i-naloxegol (Movantik)
• i-methylnaltrexone (Isihambisi)
• i-lubiprostone (Amitiza)
• I-naldemedine (Symproic)

Le mithi kadokotela ingadala imiphumela emibi, efana nale:

• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• ikhanda
• isifo sohudo
• ukuqumba (igesi)

Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma unemiphumela emibi. Kungasiza ukuguqula umthamo wakho noma ukushintshela emithini ehlukile.

Izindlela zemvelo zokuqunjelwa okubangelwa i-opioid

Ezinye izithasiselo namakhambi kungakhulula i-OIC ngokuvuselela umsebenzi wamathumbu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

Fibre ibhekwa

I-Fiber inomphumela we-laxative ngoba inyusa ukumuncwa kwamanzi kukholoni. Lokhu kwakha indle enama-bulkier futhi kusiza indle ukuthi idlule kalula. Izithasiselo ze-fiber ezakha inqwaba zifaka i-psyllium (Metamucil) ne-methylcellulose (Citrucel).

Yize izithasiselo ze-fiber ziyikhambi eliphumelelayo lokuqunjelwa, izifundo ezengeziwe nocwaningo ziyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwezithako ze-fiber ze-OIC.

I-Fiber ingaba ukwelashwa kwalolu hlobo oluthile lokuqunjelwa, kepha kubalulekile ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi ngenkathi uthatha i-fiber supplement. Uma ungaphuzi uketshezi olwanele, ukoma emzimbeni kungenza i-OIC ibe yimbi kakhulu futhi kubangele ukungqubuzana kwendle.

Kufanele udle phakathi kwamagremu angama-25 kuye kwangama-30 efayibha ngosuku. Thatha isipuni esisodwa kuya kwezintathu zansuku zonke zeCitrucel noma usebenzise iMetamucil kuze kube kathathu ngosuku. Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela izinkomba zomkhiqizo weCitrucel noma weMetamucil owusebenzisayo.

Izithasiselo ze-fiber zinganciphisa ukumuncwa kwemithi ethile efana ne-aspirin. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa isengezo se-fiber nanoma yimiphi imithi kadokotela.

I-aloe vera

I-aloe vera nayo ingayikhulula i-OIC. Kwesinye isifundo, amagundane anikezwa ukuphathwa ngomlomo kwe-loperamide ukudala ukuqunjelwa. Babe selashwa nge-aloe vera emithamo elandelayo izinsuku eziyisikhombisa: 50, 100, no-200 milligram (mg) ngekhilogremu ngalinye lesisindo somzimba.

Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi amagundane athola okukhishwayo athuthukise ukunyakaza kwamathumbu nevolumu yendle. Ngokuya ngocwaningo, umphumela we-laxative we-aloe vera ungathuthukisa ukuqunjelwa okubangelwa izidakamizwa.

Xhumana nodokotela noma usokhemisi ngaphambi kokuthatha i-aloe vera. Ikhambi linganciphisa ukusebenza kwemithi ethile, njenge:

• izidakamizwa ezehlisa i-cholesterol
• ama-anti-inflammatories
• izidakamizwa ze-hormonal

USenna

ISenna isitshalo esinezimbali eziphuzi. Amaqabunga awo anomthelela we-laxative ongasiza ngokwemvelo ukukhulula i-OIC. Okuncane kutholakale ukuthi i-senna ithuthukise i-OIC ngemuva kokuhlinzwa lapho ithathwa nsuku zonke izinsuku eziyisithupha.

Izithasiselo zeSenna ziyatholakala njenge:

• amaphilisi
• amaphilisi
• itiye

Ungathenga amaqabunga e-senna owomile esitolo sokudla sezempilo bese uwaphuza emanzini ashisayo. Noma, ungathenga amaphilisi e-sennosides (iSenokot) esitolo noma esitolo sezidakamizwa.

Umthamo ojwayelekile wokuqala wabantu abadala yi-10 mg kuya ku-60 mg nsuku zonke. Izingane kufanele zithathe inani elincane le-senna, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi ufunda ilebula yomkhiqizo ngamanani anconyiwe.

ISenna kufanele ithathwe ngesikhashana. Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kungadala isifo sohudo futhi kubangele ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte. Le mifino ingakhuphula nengozi yokuphuma kwegazi lapho ithathwa nge-warfarin (Coumadin), igazi elincanyana.

Amakhambi asekhaya wokuqunjelwa okubangelwa i-opioid

Amakhambi ambalwa asekhaya nawo angathuthukisa i-OIC noma akusize ukwazi ukuphatha ukungaphatheki kahle. Zama lokhu kanye nemithi noma amakhambi emvelo:

1. Khulisa umsebenzi womzimba. Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba kuvuselela ukuphambana emgodini wamathumbu futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwamathumbu. Hlela imizuzu engu-30 yokuzivocavoca izinsuku eziningi zesonto. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo entsha yokuzivocavoca umzimba.

2. Phuza uketshezi oluningi. Ukwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni kwenza kube nzima ukuba nokunyakaza kwamathumbu. Phuza izingilazi eziyi-8-10 zoketshezi ngosuku. Hlala ku:

• amanzi
• itiye
• amajusi
• ikhofi le-decaf

3. Yidla ifayibha eyengeziwe. Khulisa ukungenisa kwe-fiber ngokwemvelo ukujwayela ukusebenza kwamathumbu. Ngeza izithelo, imifino, nezinhlamvu ezigcwele ekudleni kwakho. Imithombo emihle kakhulu ye-fiber ifaka:

• umlimi
• omisiwe
• amabhilikosi
• i-asparagus
• ubhontshisi

I-fiber eningi kakhulu ingadala isifo sohudo nokucindezelwa esiswini. Khulisa kancane ukudla kwakho.

4. Sebenzisa i-ice noma i-heat therapy. Ukuqunjelwa kungadala ukuqunjelwa nobuhlungu besisu. Faka isicelo se-compress efudumele noma ebandayo endaweni yakho ye-pelvic ukuze unciphise ukungakhululeki.

5. Susa ukudla okudonsa ukudla ekudleni kwakho. Ukudla okunamafutha nokucutshunguliwe kunzima ukugaya futhi kungenza i-OIC ibe yimbi kakhulu. Nciphisa ukudla okudliwayo, njengokudla okusheshayo nokudla okungenamsoco.

Ukuthatha

Yize ama-opioid angabunciphisa ubuhlungu bakho, kunengozi yokuqunjelwa ngenkathi uthatha le mithi. Uma indlela yokuphila iguquka, amakhambi asekhaya, nemithi ye-OTC ayinikeli ngemiphumela oyifunayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngemigomo yokusiza ukulawula ukusebenza kwamathumbu akho.