Imiphi Imithi Yomlomo Etholakalayo Nge-Psoriasis?

-Delile

• I-Psoriasis nemithi yomlomo
• Inketho # 1: Acitretin
• Imiphumela emibi ye-acitretin
• Ukukhulelwa kanye ne-acitretin
• Inketho # 2: ICyclosporine
• Imiphumela emibi ye-cyclosporine
• Ezinye izingozi ze-cyclosporine
• Inketho # 3: I-Methotrexate
• Imiphumela emibi ye-methotrexate
• Ezinye izingozi ze-methotrexate
• Inketho # 4: I-Apremilast
• Imiphumela emibi ye-apremilast
• Ezinye izingozi ze-apremilast
• Yelashwa kanjani enye i-psoriasis?
• I-Biologics
• Ukwelashwa okulula
• Ukwelashwa kwezihloko
• Okubalulekile

Amaphuzu avelele

1. Ngisho nangokwelashwa, i-psoriasis ayisoze yaphela ngokuphelele.
2. Ukwelashwa kwe-Psoriasis kuhlose ukunciphisa izimpawu futhi kusize lesi sifo singene ekuxolelweni.
3. Imithi yomlomo ingaba yindlela enhle uma i-psoriasis yakho inzima kakhulu noma ingaphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

I-Psoriasis nemithi yomlomo

I-Psoriasis yisifo esivamile sokuzimela komzimba esidala amabala abomvu, aminyene, avuvukele esikhunjeni. Amachashazi avame ukumbozwa esikalini esimhlophe esimhlophe esibizwa ngokuthi izingcwecwe. Kwezinye izimo, isikhumba esithintekile sizoqhekeka, sopha, noma siphume. Abantu abaningi bazizwa beshiswa, bezwa ubuhlungu, futhi benesizungu esikhunjeni esithintekile.

I-Psoriasis yisimo esingelapheki. Ngisho nangokwelashwa, i-psoriasis ayisoze yaphela ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kuhlose ukunciphisa izimpawu nokusiza isifo singene ekuxolelweni. Ukuthethelelwa yisikhathi sokungenzi lutho kwesifo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunezimpawu ezimbalwa.

Kunezinhlobo zezinketho zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo ze-psoriasis, kufaka phakathi imithi yomlomo. Izidakamizwa zomlomo ziyindlela yokwelashwa okuhlelekile, okusho ukuthi zithinta umzimba wakho wonke. Le mithi ingaba namandla kakhulu, ngakho-ke odokotela ngokuvamile babanikeza i-psoriasis enamandla. Ezimweni eziningi, le mithi igcinelwe abantu abangaphumelelanga kakhulu ngezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-psoriasis. Ngeshwa, zingadala imiphumela emibi ethile nezinkinga.

Funda ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngemithi ejwayelekile yomlomo nemiphumela engemihle kanye nobungozi bayo.

Inketho # 1: Acitretin

I-Acitretin (iSoriatane) iyi-retinoid yomlomo. Ama-retinoid awuhlobo lukavithamini A. I-Acitretin ukuphela kwe-retinoid yomlomo esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-psoriasis enamandla kubantu abadala. Kungadala imiphumela emibi kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, udokotela wakho angahle anikeze lo muthi isikhashana. Lapho i-psoriasis yakho ingena ekuxolelweni, udokotela wakho angakweluleka ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha lo muthi uze ube nokunye ukuphakama.

Imiphumela emibi ye-acitretin

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ye-acitretin ifaka:

• isikhumba nezindebe eziqhekekile
• ukulahleka kwezinwele
• umlomo owomile
• imicabango enolaka
• ushintsho esimweni sakho sengqondo nasekuziphatheni
• ukudana
• ikhanda
• ubuhlungu ngemuva kwamehlo akho
• ubuhlungu obuhlangene
• ukulimala kwesibindi

Ezimweni ezingavamile, imiphumela emibi kakhulu ingenzeka. Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokulandelayo:

• ushintsho kumbono noma ukulahleka kombono wasebusuku
• ikhanda elibi
• isicanucanu
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ukuvuvukala
• ubuhlungu besifuba
• ubuthakathaka
• kunzima ukukhuluma
• ukuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho noma okumhlophe kwamehlo akho

Ukukhulelwa kanye ne-acitretin

Qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngezinhlelo zakho zokuzala nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha i-acitretin. Lesi sidakamizwa singadala izinkinga ngezinye izindlela zokulawula ukubeletha. Akufanele uthathe i-acitretin uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa. Ngemuva kokumisa i-acitretin, akufanele ukhulelwe iminyaka emithathu ezayo.

Uma ungowesifazane ongakhulelwa, akufanele uphuze utshwala ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi futhi izinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kokuyeka ukubuphuza. Ukuhlanganisa i-acitretin notshwala kushiya into eyingozi emzimbeni wakho. Le nto ingalimaza kabi ukukhulelwa okuzayo. Lo mphumela uhlala kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu ngemuva kokuqeda ukwelashwa.

Inketho # 2: ICyclosporine

ICyclosporine iyi-immunosuppressant. Itholakala njengemithi egama lomkhiqizo iNeoral, Gengraf, neSandimmune. Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-psoriasis enzima uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi.

ICyclosporine isebenza ngokuthulisa amasosha omzimba. Kuvimbela noma kumise ukusabela okweqile emzimbeni okubanga izimpawu ze-psoriasis. Lesi sidakamizwa sinamandla kakhulu futhi singadala imiphumela emibi kakhulu.

Imiphumela emibi ye-cyclosporine

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ye-cyclosporine ifaka:

• ikhanda
• imfiva
• ubuhlungu besisu
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• ukukhula kwezinwele okungafuneki
• isifo sohudo
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane noma okusheshayo
• izinguquko emchameni
• ukuhlungu obusemhlane
• ukuvuvukala kwezandla nezinyawo zakho
• ukulimaza noma ukopha okungavamile
• ukukhathala ngokweqile
• ubuthakathaka obedlulele
• ukwanda komfutho wegazi
• izandla eziqhaqhazelayo (ukuthuthumela)

Ezinye izingozi ze-cyclosporine

ICyclosporine ingadala nezinye izinkinga. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-cyclosporine azikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngasikhathi sinye noma ngemuva kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-psoriasis. Tshela udokotela wakho ngazo zonke izidakamizwa noma ukwelashwa owake wakuthatha futhi njengamanje. Lokhu kufaka nemithi yokwelapha i-psoriasis, kanye nokwelashwa kwezinye izimo. Uma unenkinga yokukhumbula ukuthi imiphi imishanguzo oyithathile, abantu abaningi abayenzayo, cela usokhemisi wakho ukuthola leyo mithi.
• Ukulimala kwezinso. Udokotela wakho uzohlola umfutho wegazi wakho ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho ngalo muthi. Kuzodingeka nokuthi ube nokuhlolwa okuvamile komchamo. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthi udokotela wakho abheke ukulimala kwezinso okungenzeka. Udokotela wakho angamisa isikhashana noma ayeke ukwelashwa kwakho nge-cyclosporine ukuvikela izinso zakho.
• Izifo. ICyclosporine iphakamisa ubungozi bokutheleleka. Kufanele ugweme ukuba seduze nabantu abagulayo ukuze ungathathi amagciwane abo. Geza izandla zakho njalo. Uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
• Izinkinga zesistimu yezinzwa. Lesi sidakamizwa singadala nezinkinga zesistimu yezinzwa. Tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu:
  • izinguquko zengqondo
  • ubuthakathaka bemisipha
  • umbono uyashintsha
  • isiyezi
  • ukulahlekelwa ukwazi
  • isithuthwane
  • ukuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho noma okumhlophe kwamehlo akho
  • igazi emchameni wakho

Inketho # 3: I-Methotrexate

IMethotrexate (Trexall) ingeyesigaba semithi esibizwa ngama-antimetabolites. Lesi sidakamizwa sinikezwa abantu abane-psoriasis enamandla abangazange baphumelele kangako ngezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Kunganciphisa ukukhula kwamaseli esikhumba futhi kumise izikali ekwakheni.

Imiphumela emibi ye-methotrexate

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ye-methotrexate ifaka:

• ukukhathala
• Ukugodola
• imfiva
• isicanucanu
• ubuhlungu besisu
• isiyezi
• ukulahleka kwezinwele
• ukubomvu kwamehlo
• ikhanda
• izinsini zethenda
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• izifo

Udokotela wakho angancoma isengezo se-folic acid (vitamin B) ukusiza ukuvikela eminye yale miphumela emibi.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, lo muthi ungadala imiphumela emibi, esongela impilo. Ingozi yokuba nale miphumela emibi iyakhuphuka ngemithamo ephezulu yomuthi. Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokulandelayo:

• ukopha okungavamile
• ukuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho noma okumhlophe kwamehlo akho
• umchamo onombala omnyama noma igazi emchameni wakho
• ukukhwehlela okomile okungakhiqizi i-phlegm
• ukusabela okweqile, okungafaka inkinga yokuphefumula, ukuqubuka noma isifuba

Ezinye izingozi ze-methotrexate

IMethotrexate ingadala nezinye izinkinga. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Akufanele uhlanganise lesi sidakamizwa nezinye izidakamizwa ezithile ngenxa yengozi yemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi imithi elwa nokuvuvukala etholakala ekhawunteni. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokunye ukuxhumana okungathi sína okungenzeka uma uthatha imithi ethile.
• Ukulimala kwesibindi. Uma lo muthi uphuzwa isikhathi eside, ungadala ukulimala kwesibindi. Akufanele uthathe i-methotrexate uma unokulimala kwesibindi noma umlando wokusebenzisa kabi utshwala noma isifo sesibindi sotshwala. Udokotela wakho angancoma i-biopsy yesibindi ukuze ahlole ukulimala kwesibindi.
• Imiphumela yesifo sezinso. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi uma unesifo sezinso. Ungadinga umthamo ohlukile.
• Kulimaza ukukhulelwa. Abesifazane abakhulelwe, abancelisayo, noma abahlela ukukhulelwa akufanele basebenzise lesi sidakamizwa. Abesilisa akufanele bakhulelise owesifazane ngenkathi elashwa futhi izinyanga ezintathu ngemuva kokuyeka lo muthi. Abesilisa kufanele basebenzise amakhondomu sonke lesi sikhathi.

Inketho # 4: I-Apremilast

Ngo-2014, i-U.S.Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yavuma i-apremilast (Otezla) ukwelapha i-psoriasis ne-psoriatic arthritis kubantu abadala. I-Apremilast kucatshangwa ukuthi isebenza ngaphakathi kwamasosha akho omzimba futhi yehlise impendulo yomzimba wakho ekuvukeleni.

Imiphumela emibi ye-apremilast

Ngokusho kwe-FDA, imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile abantu ababhekana nayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo ifakiwe:

• ikhanda
• isicanucanu
• isifo sohudo
• ukuhlanza
• izimpawu ezibandayo, njengekhala eligijimayo
• ubuhlungu besisu

Abantu ababephuza lo muthi baphinde babika ukucindezeleka kaningi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komtholampilo kunabantu abathatha i-placebo.

Ezinye izingozi ze-apremilast

Okunye ukukhathazeka okungenzeka okuhlobene nokusetshenziswa kwe-apremilast kufaka:

• Ukwehla kwesisindo. I-Apremilast nayo ingadala ukulahleka kwesisindo okungaqondakali. Udokotela wakho kufanele aqaphele isisindo sakho sokulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungaqondakali ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
• Imiphumela yesifo sezinso. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi uma unesifo sezinso. Ungadinga umthamo ohlukile.
• Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Akufanele uhlanganise i-apremilast nezinye izidakamizwa, ngoba zenza i-apremilast ingasebenzi kahle. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka imishanguzo yokuthatha i-carbamazepine, i-phenytoin, ne-phenobarbital. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngeminye imithi oyiphuzayo ngaphambi kokuqala i-apremilast.

Yelashwa kanjani enye i-psoriasis?

Imithi yokwelashwa ifaka nemithi kadokotela efakiwe. Njengezidakamizwa zomlomo, izidakamizwa ezijojowe ezibizwa nge-biologics zisebenza kuwo wonke umzimba wakho ukubambezela inqubekela phambili yesifo. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zifaka ukwelashwa okulula nemithi yokwenziwa ngezihloko.

I-Biologics

Eminye imishanguzo ejojowe iguqula amasosha omzimba. Lokhu kwaziwa njenge-biologics. I-biologics ivunyelwe ukwelapha i-psoriasis ngokulingene kuya kokubi. Zivame ukusetshenziswa lapho umzimba wakho ungaphendulanga ekwelashweni kwendabuko noma kubantu abathola nesifo samathambo se-psoriatic.

Izibonelo ze-biologics ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-psoriasis zifaka:

• i-etanercept (Enbrel)
• infliximab (i-Remicade)
• i-adalimumab (Humira)
• ustekinumab (Stelara)

Ukwelashwa okulula

Lokhu kwelashwa kufaka ukuvezwa okulawulwayo ekukhanyeni kwemvelo noma okufakelwayo kwe-ultraviolet. Lokhu kungenziwa wedwa noma kuhlanganiswe neminye imithi.

Izindlela zokwelashwa ezingaba khona zifaka:

• Ukwelashwa kwe-UVB
• ukwelashwa okuncane kwe-UVB
• I-psoralen kanye ne-ultraviolet A (PUVA) yokwelashwa
• ukwelashwa kwe-laser excimer

Ukwelashwa kwezihloko

Imithi yezihloko isetshenziswa ngqo esikhunjeni sakho. Lezi zindlela zokwelashwa ngokuvamile zisebenza kahle kakhulu ku-psoriasis emnene ukuya kokulingene. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ukwelashwa ngezihloko kungahlanganiswa nemithi yomlomo noma ukwelashwa okulula.

Imithi ejwayelekile yokwelashwa ihlanganisa:

• amafutha okuthambisa
• i-salicylic acid
• itela lamalahle
• amafutha we-corticosteroid
• okufana no-vitamin D
• ama-retinoids
• i-anthralin (iDritho-Scalp)
• i-calcineurin inhibitors, njenge-tacrolimus (Prograf) ne-pimecrolimus (i-Elidel)

Okubalulekile

Uma une-psoriasis, xoxa ngezinketho zakho zokwelashwa nodokotela wakho. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, kungadingeka ukuthi ushintshe ukwelashwa kwakho. Ungadinga ukwelashwa okuqinile uma i-psoriasis iba nzima kakhulu noma ingaphenduli ekwelashweni. Kulezi zimo, imithi yomlomo ingaba yindlela enhle.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho nokuthi le mithi ingakuthinta kanjani. Sebenza nodokotela wakho ukuthola izindlela zokwelapha ezisiza ukukhulula izimpawu zakho ze-psoriasis ngaphandle kokubanga imiphumela emibi.