I-Oxycodone Notshwala: Inhlanganisela Engaba Lethal

-Delile

• Isebenza kanjani i-oxycodone
• Utshwala busebenza kanjani
• Ukuthatha i-oxycodone notshwala ndawonye
• Abantu baxuba kangaki i-oxycodone notshwala?
• Wazi kanjani ukuthi udinga ukwelashwa kokulutha?
• Luthini ukwelashwa lokulutha kwe-oxycodone? Ukulutha utshwala?
• Ukwelashwa noma ukwelulekwa ngokuziphatha
• Imithi
• Amaqembu okusekela
• Ungakuthola kanjani ukwelashwa noma ukuxhaswa ngokulutha
• Ukukhetha umeluleki wezidakamizwa
• Okubalulekile

Ukuthatha i-oxycodone kanye notshwala kungaba nemiphumela eyingozi kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi yomibili le mithi iyadambisa. Ukuhlanganisa lezi ezimbili kungaba nomphumela wokusebenzisana, okusho ukuthi umphumela wazo zombili izidakamizwa zihlangene mkhulu kunalapho zisetshenziswa ngokwehlukana.

Isebenza kanjani i-oxycodone

I-Oxycodone inqunyelwe ukukhululeka kobuhlungu. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwethebhulethi, ingalawula ubuhlungu obufinyelela emahoreni ayi-12 njengomuthi okhipha isikhathi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imiphumela yalo muthi ikhishwa isikhathi eside kunangesikhathi esisodwa.

Amandla we-oxycodone aqhathaniswa ne-morphine. Isebenza ngohlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi nendawo ukushintsha ukuphendula kwethu nokubona ubuhlungu. Ngaphezu kokwehlisa ubuhlungu, i-Oxycodone ingathinta umzimba ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• kwehla ukushaya kwenhliziyo nokuphefumula
• umfutho wegazi ophansi
• isiyezi
• isicanucanu
• ingcindezi eyengeziwe yoketshezi ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni

Ngoba i-oxycodone nayo ingadala imizwa yenjabulo noma i-euphoria, futhi iyalutha kakhulu. Ama-ejensi wezomthetho sekuyisikhathi eside ekhathazekile ngokuthi umlutha kangakanani. Emuva kakhulu ngawo-1960, izinhlangano ezifana ne-United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime zayibeka njengesidakamizwa esiyingozi.

Utshwala busebenza kanjani

Utshwala abusetshenziselwa ukwelapha. Abantu babuphuza utshwala ikakhulukazi ngemiphumela yabo eguqula isimo. Utshwala busebenza ngohlelo oluphakathi lwezinzwa futhi buyacindezela noma buyehlise ukusebenza kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene zobuchopho.

Uma uphuza utshwala, abanye bahlanganiswa umzimba wakho. Uma usebenzisa okungaphezu kokucutshungulwa ngumzimba wakho, okungeziwe kuqoqeka egazini lakho kuye ebuchosheni bakho. Imiphumela yotshwala emzimbeni ifaka:

• ingqondo eyehlisiwe
• ukunciphisa ukuphefumula nokushaya kwenhliziyo
• kwehlisa umfutho wegazi
• ukukhubazeka ikhono lokwenza izinqumo
• ukuxhumana okungahambi kahle namakhono ezimoto
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• ukulahlekelwa ukwazi

Ukuthatha i-oxycodone notshwala ndawonye

I-Oxycodone notshwala okuhlanganisiwe kungaba nemiphumela emibi. Imiphumela yokuzixuba ingabandakanya ukunciphisa noma ukumisa ukuphefumula noma inhliziyo, futhi kungabulala.

Abantu baxuba kangaki i-oxycodone notshwala?

Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa, kufaka phakathi okwe-opioid notshwala, kuyaqhubeka nokukhathazeka ngempilo e-United States. Eqinisweni, ukubhekana nokulutha kanye nama-opioid kubhalwe njengenye yezinto eziseqhulwini ze-US Surgeon General.

Cishe bangu-88 000 abantu ababulawa yizimbangela ezihlobene notshwala unyaka nonyaka, ngokusho kweNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). Cishe abantu abayi-130 e-United States bafa usuku ngalunye ngenxa yokweqisa izidakamizwa ze-opioid, ngokusho kweNational Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA).

• Utshwala babubandakanyeka ekufeni nasekuvakaselweni kwamagumbi okuphuthumayo okwakubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kabi kwama-opioid kadokotela ngo-2010, ngokusho kweCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
• Amaphesenti angaphezu kwama-50 entsha asebenzisa kabi ama-opioid abike ukuthi ahlanganisa ama-opioid notshwala onyakeni owodwa, ngokusho kweNIDA.
• Ngokuya kocwaningo lwakamuva ephephabhukwini, i-Anesthesiology, ukuhlanganisa utshwala ne-oxycodone kuholele ekukhuleni okukhulu ezingeni lezikhathi ababambiqhaza bezwa ukuma isikhashana ekuphefumuleni. Lo mphumela wabonakala ikakhulukazi kubahlanganyeli asebekhulile.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi udinga ukwelashwa kokulutha?

Ezinye izimpawu zokuthi wena noma othandekayo ningaba nomlutha we-oxycodone, utshwala, noma ezinye izidakamizwa zingafaka:

• ukuba nesifiso esikhulu somuthi oncintisana neminye imicabango noma imisebenzi
• uzizwe sengathi udinga ukusebenzisa umuthi njalo, ongaba nsuku zonke noma kaningana ngosuku
• edinga umuthi owengeziwe ukuthola umphumela ofunekayo ofanayo
• ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa sekuqale ukuthinta impilo yakho yangasese, umsebenzi wakho, noma imisebenzi yomphakathi
• ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi nemali noma ukuzibandakanya ekuziphatheni okuyingozi ukuthola nokusebenzisa umuthi
• uhlangabezana nezimpawu zokuhoxa lapho uyeka ukuthatha umuthi

Luthini ukwelashwa lokulutha kwe-oxycodone? Ukulutha utshwala?

Kunezindlela zokwelapha eziningana ezitholakalayo ze-oxycodone noma umlutha wotshwala. Izigaba zokuqala zokwelashwa zifaka phakathi ukukhishwa kobuthi emzimbeni. Lokhu kuhilela ukukusiza ngokuphepha ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi.

Ungase ube nezimpawu zokuhoxa phakathi nale nqubo. Njengoba lezi zimpawu zingaba nzima, kungadingeka ukuthi ukhiphe ubuthi endaweni yezokwelapha ngaphansi kweso labasebenzi bezokwelapha ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho.

Izimpawu zomzimba zokuhoxa ku-oxycodone notshwala zingaba nzima. Nakhu okuvame kakhulu:

• ukukhathazeka
• ukuyaluza
• ukuqwasha
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha nezinhlungu
• izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane (ukubanda, impumu egijimayo, nokunye)
• isifo sohudo
• ukwethuka
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• ukujuluka
• ubumhlophe
• ikhanda
• izandla eziqhaqhazelayo noma ukuthuthumela okugcwele emzimbeni
• ukudideka, ukudideka
• isithuthwane
• i-delirium tremens (i-DTs), isimo esisongela impilo esiveza imibono nokukhohlisa

Ngokuya ngesimo sakho, uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa lungahle lube yisiguli noma isiguli esingalaliswayo. Uhlala ekhaya lakho ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kweziguli ngenkathi uhlala esikhungweni sokuvuselela ngesikhathi sokwelapha iziguli. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzosebenzisana nawe ukuxoxa ngezinketho zakho, ubuhle nobubi balowo nalowo, nokuthi zingabiza malini.

Ungathola ukuthi usebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ezivame kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa noma ukwelulekwa ngokuziphatha

Lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha lungenziwa ngudokotela wezengqondo, udokotela wezifo zengqondo, noma umeluleki wokulutha. Kungenzeka futhi ngawodwana noma kusethingi yeqembu. Izinjongo zokwelashwa zifaka:

• izindlela ezithuthukisayo zokubhekana nezifiso zezidakamizwa
• ukusebenza ngecebo lokuvikela ukubuyela emuva, kufaka phakathi ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani izidakamizwa noma utshwala
• sidingida okufanele sikwenze uma kwenzeka kubuyela emuva
• ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono empilo enempilo
• ukumboza izingqinamba ezingabandakanya ubudlelwano bakho noma umsebenzi wakho kanye nokubhekana nokunye ukukhathazeka ngempilo yengqondo

Imithi

Imithi efana ne-buprenorphine ne-methadone ingasetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukulutha kwama-opioid anjenge-oxycodone. Zisebenza ngokuzibophezela kuma-receptors afanayo ebuchosheni njenge-oxycodone, ngakho-ke kwehlisa izimpawu zokuhoxa kanye nezifiso.

Omunye umuthi, obizwa nge-naltrexone, uvimba ama-opioid receptors ngokuphelele. Lokhu kwenza kube umuthi omuhle ukusiza ukuvimbela ukubuyela emuva, yize kufanele kuqalwe kuphela ngemuva kokuthi othile ehoxe ngokuphelele kuma-opioid.

Ngokwengeziwe, i-U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) igunyaze imishanguzo yokusiza ekwelapheni umlutha wotshwala -naltrexone, acamprosate, kanye ne-disulfiram.

Amaqembu okusekela

Ukujoyina iqembu elixhasayo, njenge-Alcoholics Anonymous noma i-Narcotic Anonymous, kungakusiza nokuthi uthole ukwesekwa okuqhubekayo nokugqugquzelwa kwabanye abazama ukululama noma sebelulame ekubeni umlutha wezidakamizwa.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-opioid, utshwala, kanye nezinye izidakamizwa kukudlulwa ngokweqile kwe-opioid. Uma wena noma othandekayo uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo ngemuva kokuxuba i-oxycodone notshwala, kufanele ufune usizo lwezempilo oluphuthumayo ngokushesha:

• abafundi abanenkontileka noma abancane "abakhomba"
• kuhamba kancane, kungajulile, noma kungabikho ukuphefumula
• ukungaphenduli noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi
• ukushaya ngamandla okubuthakathaka noma okungekho
• isikhumba esiphaphathekile noma izindebe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izinzipho zeminwe, noma izinzwane
• ukwenza imisindo ezwakala njengokuxokozela noma ukuklinya

Ungakuthola kanjani ukwelashwa noma ukuxhaswa ngokulutha

Kunezinsizakusebenza eziningi ezisekelwayo zokusiza ekwelashweni noma ekwesekweni uma wena noma umuntu osondelene naye eluthwa izidakamizwa.

• Inombolo yosizo ye-Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) (1-800-662-4357) inikeza imininingwane nokudluliselwa kumaqembu okwelashwa noma okusekela izinsuku ezingama-24/7 nezinsuku ezingama-365 zonyaka.
• INarcotics Anonymous (NA) inikezela ngolwazi futhi ihlela imihlangano yeqembu lokusekela labantu abazama ukunqoba ukulutha.
• I-Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) inikeza usizo, imininingwane, nokusekelwa kwabantu abanenkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala.
• U-Al-Anon unikeza ukusekelwa nokululama komndeni, abangani, nabathandekayo babantu abanenkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala.
• INational Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) inikela ngezinsizakusebenza ezahlukahlukene nezindaba ezihambisana nesikhathi nezocwaningo ngezidakamizwa ezahlukahlukene zokuhlukumeza.

Ukukhetha umeluleki wezidakamizwa

Umeluleki wezidakamizwa angakusiza wena noma umuntu osondelene naye ukuba ubhekane nakho futhi unqobe umlutha. Nayi imibuzo embalwa ukukusiza ukhethe umeluleki wokulutha umlutha:

• Ngicela ungitshele kancane ngemvelaphi yakho nangeziqu zakho?
• Ukwenza kanjani ukuhlolwa kwakho kokuqala nokuxilongwa kwakho?
• Ngicela ungichazele indlela yakho yokwelashwa?
• Inqubo izobandakanya ini?
• Ngabe yini okulindeleyo kimi kanye nasemndenini wami ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?
• Kwenzekani uma ngibuyela emuva ngenkathi ngelashwa?
• Siyini isilinganiso sakho sezindleko ezihilelekile ekwelashweni futhi ingabe umshwalense wami uzokukhokhela?
• Uma ngikukhetha njengomeluleki wami ongumlutha, singaqala kanjani ngokushesha inqubo yokwelashwa?

Okubalulekile

Kokubili i-oxycodone notshwala kuyizicindezeli. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuxuba lezi zinto ezimbili kungaholela ezinkingeni ezingaba yingozi futhi zibulale, kufaka phakathi ukulahleka kokwazi, ukumisa ukuphefumula, nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Uma unikezwe i-oxycodone, kufanele uqiniseke njalo ukuthi ulandela izinkomba zikadokotela wakho noma zemithi ngokucophelela, futhi uzithathe njengoba kubekiwe.

I-Oxycodone iyalutha kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele wazi izimpawu zokulutha kuwe noma othandekayo. Esimweni sokuncika kwe-opioid noma kotshwala, kunezinhlobonhlobo zokwelashwa namaqembu okusekela atholakala ukusiza ukunqoba ukulutha.