I-Pemphigus: kuyini, izinhlobo eziyinhloko, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Yini engadala i-pemphigus
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-Pemphigus yisifo somzimba sokuzivikela esingavamile esibonakala ngokwakhiwa kwamabhalidi athambile, aqhuma kalula futhi angapholi. Imvamisa, lawa magwebu avela esikhunjeni, kepha angathinta nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, njengolwelwesi lomlomo, amehlo, impumulo, umphimbo nendawo esondelene.

Ngokuya ngohlobo nephethini yokuqala kwezimpawu, i-pemphigus ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana, ezibandakanya:

• I-Pemphigus vulgaris: uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, lapho kuvela khona amabhamuza esikhumbeni nasemlonyeni. Amabhamuza abangela ubuhlungu futhi anganyamalala, kepha imvamisa kunezindawo ezimnyama ezihlala izinyanga ezimbalwa;
• I-bempous pemphigus: kuvela amabhamuza aqinile futhi ajulile angaqhume kalula, futhi kuvame kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile. Funda kabanzi ngalolu hlobo lwe-pemphigus;
• I-pemphigus yemifino: kuyindlela enobungozi ye-pemphigus vulgaris, ebonakala ngamabhamuza emgodini, emakhwapheni noma esifundeni esisondelene;
• I-Pemphigus foliaceus: luhlobo oluvame kakhulu ezindaweni ezishisayo, olubonakala ngokuvela kwamanxeba noma amabhamuza, angenabuhlungu, avela kuqala ebusweni nasekhanda, kepha angadlulela esifubeni nakwezinye izindawo;

• I-Pemphigus erythematosus: kuyindlela enobungozi ye-pemphigus foliaceus, ebonakala ngamabhamuza angenhla ekhanda nasebusweni, angadidiswa ne-seborrheic dermatitis noma i-lupus erythematosus;

  
  
• I-paraneoplastic pemphigus: wuhlobo oluyivelakancane, njengoba kuhlotshaniswa nezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza ezifana nama-lymphomas noma ama-leukemias.

Yize kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala nasebekhulile, ama-pemphigus angavela kunoma yisiphi isikhathi. Lesi sifo asithelelani futhi sinokwelapha, kepha ukwelashwa kwaso, okwenziwe nge-corticosteroid kanye nemithi yokuzivikela emzimbeni, enqunywe ngudokotela wesikhumba, ingahlala izinyanga noma iminyaka embalwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isifo siyalawulwa.

Yini engadala i-pemphigus

I-Pemphigus idalwa wushintsho kumasosha omzimba womuntu, okudala ukuthi umzimba ukhiqize amasosha omzimba ahlasela amangqamuzana aphilile esikhunjeni nasezikhungweni zomlomo. Yize izinto eziholela kulolu shintsho zingaziwa, kuyaziwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile yomfutho wegazi ophezulu kungadala ukuthi kuvele izimpawu, ezinyamalayo lapho umuthi usuphelile.

Ngakho-ke, i-pemphigus ayithelelani, ngoba ayibangelwa yiliphi igciwane noma amagciwane. Kodwa-ke, uma amanxeba e-blister engenwa yigciwane, kungenzeka ukuthi adlulisele lawa magciwane komunye umuntu ohlangana ngqo namanxeba, okungaholela ekubonakaleni kwesikhumba.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-pemphigus kuvame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa imishanguzo ebekwe ngudokotela wesikhumba, njenge:

• Ama-Corticosteroids, njengePrednisone noma i-Hydrocortisone: asetshenziswa ezimeni ezimnene ze-pemphigus ukukhulula izimpawu. Le mithi akufanele isetshenziselwe isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto elilodwa ngokulandelana;
• Ama-immunosuppressants, njenge-Azathioprine noma i-Mycophenolate: ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwesistimu yomzimba, ukuyivimba ekuhlaseleni amaseli aphilile. Kodwa-ke, ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba, kunethuba elikhulu lokutheleleka ngakho-ke, le mithi isetshenziswa ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu;
• Imithi elwa namagciwane, i-antifungal noma i-antiviral: zisetshenziswa lapho uhlobo oluthile lokutheleleka luvela emanxebeni ashiywe amabhamuza.

Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ekhaya futhi kungahlala izinyanga ezimbalwa noma iminyaka, kuya ngomzimba wesiguli nohlobo nobukhulu be-pemphigus.

Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, lapho kuvela khona ukutheleleka okunzima kwesilonda, ngokwesibonelo, kungadingeka ukuhlala esibhedlela izinsuku noma amasonto ambalwa, ukwenza imithi ngqo emthanjeni nokwenza ukwelashwa okufanelekile kwamanxeba anegciwane.