Kuyini Ukudukiswa Okushushisayo?

-Delile

• Incazelo yokukhohlisa okushushiswayo
• Izimpawu zokudukisa ezishushisayo
• Izibonelo zokukhohlisa okushushisayo
• Umehluko phakathi kokukhohlisa okuphambene nalokho okushushisayo
• Ukukhohliswa okushushiswayo izimbangela nezici zobungozi
• Ischizophrenia
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar
• Isifo seSchizoaffective
• Ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kokudangala okunezici zengqondo
• Ukuphazamiseka kokudideka
• Ukucindezeleka kwangemva kwenhlekelele
• Ukuhlonza imbangela
• Ukwelashwa kokukhohliswa okushushiswayo
• Imithi
• Ukwelashwa kwengqondo
• Ukulaliswa esibhedlela
• Ungamsiza kanjani umuntu ngokukhohliswa okushushisayo
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Incazelo yokukhohlisa okushushiswayo

Lapho othile ehlangabezana nokukhohliswa okushushisayo, bakholelwa ukuthi umuntu noma iqembu lifuna ukubalimaza. Bakholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi lokhu kuyiqiniso, yize bungekho ubufakazi.

Ukukhohliswa okushushiswayo kuyindlela yokuphambanisa. Zivame ukubonakala ku-schizophrenia nakwezinye izifo zengqondo, njenge-schizoaffective disorder kanye ne-post-traumatic stress disorder.

Izimpawu zokudukisa ezishushisayo

Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokukhohlisa okushushisayo umuntu okholelwa ukuthi abanye bahlose ukubalimaza noma ukuthi basolwa ngokwenza into esabekayo abangakaze bayenze.

Le nkolelo, esuselwa ekucabangeni okuyinqaba noma okungenangqondo, ithinta indlela umuntu aziphatha futhi acabange ngayo.

Ukukhohliswa okushushiswayo kungadala izimpawu ezifana:

• ukwesaba izimo ezijwayelekile
• ukuzizwa usongelwa ngaphandle kwesizathu
• ukubika njalo kuziphathimandla
• ukucindezeleka okukhulu
• ukukhathazeka ngokweqile
• ukufuna njalo ukuphepha

Uma ukukhohlisa kwabo kuphikiswa, lowo muntu angaqhubeka nokuchaza inkolelo ngokucabanga okungelona iqiniso.

Izibonelo zokukhohlisa okushushisayo

Uma umuntu enenkohliso yokushushisa, bangasho izinto ezinjengalezi:

• "Abantu engisebenza nabo bangena nge-imeyili yami bazama ukuthi ngixoshwe."
• "Omakhelwane bahlela ukuntshontsha imoto yami."
• "Abantu abahamba ngaphandle bafaka imicabango ngaphakathi ekhanda lami."
• "Iposi lihlola indlu yami ngoba lifuna ukungilimaza."
• "Indiza engenhla kwethu inguhulumeni, futhi bafuna ukungithumba."
• Wonke umuntu ukholelwa ukuthi ngifuna ukulimaza izinto. ”

Umuntu uzokhuluma lezi zinto sengathi ziyiqiniso. Bangase futhi basebenzise amagama angaqondakali futhi babonakale bethukuthele noma besola.

Umehluko phakathi kokukhohlisa okuphambene nalokho okushushisayo

Yize i-paranoia nokukhohlisa okushushisayo kuhlobene, kuyizinqubo zokucabanga ezihlukile kwezobuchwepheshe.

Ngokwe-paranoia, umuntu uzizwa engabaza ngokweqile futhi esaba abanye. Le mizwa inamandla kakhulu, okwenza kube nzima ukwethemba abantu.

Ukukhohlisa okushushisayo kwenzeka lapho i-paranoia iba ngokweqile. Imizwa yomuntu yokuphanjaniswa ingqondo iba yizinkolelo ezihleliwe, noma ngabe zilethwa ngobufakazi obuphikisayo.

Ukukhohliswa okushushiswayo izimbangela nezici zobungozi

Ukukhohlisa okushushisayo kuvela kwizifo ezahlukahlukene zengqondo, kufaka phakathi i-schizophrenia, isifo se-schizoaffective, nokuningi.

Ischizophrenia

ISchizophrenia ibonakala ngomqondo osontekile weqiniso. Imvamisa kuhilela ukusangana nokukhohlisa.

Ngokuqondile, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokukhohlisa ku-schizophrenia yizinkohliso ezishushisayo. Kubhekwa njengophawu oluhle lwe-schizophrenia, ngaphambili olubizwa nge-paranoid schizophrenia.

Ezinye izimpawu zifaka:

• ukucabanga okungahlelekile
• isimilo esingajwayelekile
• ukulahlekelwa intshisekelo emisebenzini yansuku zonke
• ukungayinaki inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu
• ukungabi nemizwa
• ukuhoxa komphakathi

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar

Ukukhohliswa okushushisayo kungenzeka ku-bipolar disorder. Kulesi simo, umuntu uhlangabezana nezinguquko ezimbi ngokweqile ngokomzwelo. Ngokuya ngohlobo lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo, umuntu angahlangabezana neziqephu zokudangala kanye ne-mania noma i-hypomania.

Izimpawu zesiqephu sokucindezeleka zingafaka:

• ngizizwa ngidabukile noma ngingenathemba
• ukulahlekelwa intshisekelo emisebenzini yansuku zonke
• amazinga aphansi wamandla
• ukuzizwa ungelutho
• ukuqwasha noma ukulala ngokweqile
• imicabango yokuzibulala

Isiqephu se-manic singafaka:

• amazinga okwenyuka kwamandla
• izinqumo zokuxhamazela
• ukucasuka
• ukukhuluma ngokukhulu ukushesha
• ubunzima bokugxila
• imicabango yokujaha

Imvamisa, ukukhohlisa okushushisayo kuvela ngezikhathi ze-manic.

Isifo seSchizoaffective

Isifo seSchizoaffective sibandakanya izimpawu zeschizophrenia kanye nokuphazamiseka kwemizwelo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili:

• Uhlobo lwe-bipolar. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izimpawu ze-schizophrenia kanye neziqephu zomuntu nezicindezelayo.
• Uhlobo lokucindezeleka. Kulolu hlobo, umuntu unezimpawu zeschizophrenia kanye nokudangala.

Izimpawu ezingaba khona zibandakanya ukukhohlisa, kufaka phakathi ukukhohlisa okushushisayo. Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• ukusangana
• inkulumo engakhubazekile
• isimilo esingajwayelekile
• ukuzizwa udabukile noma ungelutho
• inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu engeyinhle

Ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kokudangala okunezici zengqondo

Ukukhohliswa okushushisayo nakho kungavela ekucindezelekeni. Imvamisa, kwenzeka ekuphazamisekeni okukhulu kokudangala okunezici zengqondo, okwakuthiwa ukucindezeleka kwengqondo.

Ukucindezeleka okukhulu kubangela ukudabuka okuqhubekayo nokudlulele. Ezinye izimpawu ezingaba khona zifaka:

• ukukhathala
• ukulala kabi
• izinguquko zokudla
• ukulahlekelwa inzalo emisebenzini
• ukuzizwa ungelutho noma unecala
• imicabango yokuzibulala

Kulolu hlobo lokudangala, izimpawu ezingenhla zihambisana neziqephu zengqondo. Isiqephu sifaka phakathi ukusangana nokukhohlisa, okungafaka ukukhohlisa okushushisayo.

Lokhu kungahle kuhlobene nemizwa yokungabi nalutho nokuzizwa unecala. Uma umuntu ezwa ukuthi bafanelwe ukulinyazwa, bangacabanga ukuthi abanye bafuna ukubalimaza.

Ukuphazamiseka kokudideka

Ezimweni ezingavamile, umuntu angaba nokukhohlisa okungenakuchazwa ukugula kwengqondo, isimo sezokwelapha, noma into. Lokhu kwaziwa njengokuphazamiseka kokukhohlisa.

Umuntu onenkinga yokudideka angahlangabezana nezinhlobo eziningi zokukhohlisa, kufaka phakathi lezo zokushushiswa.

Ukuphazamiseka kokudideka kutholakala lapho umuntu enokudideka okukodwa noma okuningi okungenani inyanga eyodwa. Ezinye izimpawu yilezi:

• ukusangana okuhambisana nokukhohlisa
• ukucasuka
• umoya ophansi
• intukuthelo

Ukucindezeleka kwangemva kwenhlekelele

I-Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) yenzeka ngemuva kokuthi othile ehlangabezane nomcimbi ohlasimulisayo noma owesabekayo. Kubanga ukucindezela okuqhubekayo nokwesaba, noma ngabe umcimbi usudlulile.

I-PTSD ingadala ukukhohlisa okushushisayo. Lokhu kungenzeka uma isehlakalo esibuhlungu sibandakanya umuntu noma iqembu elisongelayo.

Ezinye izimpawu ezingaba khona yilezi:

• ukusangana
• ukubuyela emuva
• amaphupho amabi
• ukugwema izimo ezikukhumbuza ngomcimbi
• ukucasuka
• ukungabethembi abantu

Ukuhlonza imbangela

Ukuthola imbangela yokukhohlisa okushushisayo, odokotela bangasebenzisa okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Udokotela uzohlola impilo yakho yomzimba ngezimbangela ezingaba khona noma ezihlobene.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezinto. Ungahlolwa ukuhlolwa kotshwala nezidakamizwa, okungadala izimpawu ezifanayo.
• Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa. Iskena se-MRI noma se-CT singasetshenziselwa ukuqhubeka nokuqonda izimpawu zakho.
• Ukuhlolwa kwengqondo. Uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo uzobuza mayelana nokukhohlisa kwakho, ukubona izinto ezingekho emqondweni, nemizwa yakho. Bazobuye babheke ukuthi ngabe izimpawu zakho ziyahlangabezana yini nemibandela ethile yokuxilongwa.

Ukwelashwa kokukhohliswa okushushiswayo

Ukwelashwa kuya ngesizathu esiyimbangela nobukhulu bezimpawu zakho. Ngokuvamile, kufaka:

Imithi

Udokotela wakho cishe uzokunikeza imithi ukuphatha izimpawu zakho, njenge:

• Ama-antipsychotic. Izidakamizwa ze-antipsychotic zisetshenziselwa ukuphatha ukukhohlisa kanye nemibono.
• Ama-Mood stabilizers. Uma uhlangabezana noshintsho olukhulu emizweni, unganikezwa izinto zokuqinisa imizwa.
• Izidambisi. Ama-anti-depressants anqunyelwe ukunciphisa izimpawu zokucindezeleka, kufaka phakathi imizwa yokudabuka.

Ukwelashwa kwengqondo

I-Psychotherapy isetshenziselwa ukuphatha izinqubo zokucabanga nokukhohlisa. Uzoxoxa ngezinkolelo zakho nochwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo, ozokusiza ukuba uziqhathanise neqiniso.

Umgomo wokwelashwa uku:

• lawula ukukhohlisa
• uqaphele kangcono iqiniso
• ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka
• ukubhekana nokucindezeleka
• ukuthuthukisa amakhono omphakathi

Ukwelashwa kungenziwa ngawodwana, eqenjini, noma kokubili. Umndeni wakho ungacelwa ukuthi ujoyine.

Ukulaliswa esibhedlela

Uma izimpawu zakho zinzima, ungahle ulaliswe esibhedlela. Lokhu kungenzeka uma uku:

• uhlukaniswe neqiniso (psychosis) futhi awukwazi ukuzinakekela
• iziphatha ngendlela eyingozi
• uzizwe ufuna ukuzibulala

Esibhedlela, iqembu lochwepheshe bezempilo lingakusimamisa futhi likugcine uphephile.

Ungamsiza kanjani umuntu ngokukhohliswa okushushisayo

Uma othandekayo enokukhohliswa okushushisayo, ungazizwa ungaqiniseki ukuthi ungaphendula kanjani.

Nakhu ongakwenza ukusiza:

• Lalela. Noma kungaba nzima, ukulalela umuntu kubasiza bazizwe behlonishwa futhi beqondwa.
• Gwema ukuphikisana noma ukusekela ukukhohlisa kwabo. Lapho ukukhohlisa komuntu kuphikiswa, bazoqhubeka bakukholwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, “ukudlala” nenkohliso kuyakuqinisa.
• Qondisa kabusha isimo. Esikhundleni sokulwa noma ukusekela ukukhohlisa kwabo, yabelana ngomoya ophansi ngombono ohlukile. Isibonelo, uma othile ekholelwa ukuthi imoto emile iyabahlola, yisho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi umshayeli uyothenga esitolo.
• Sekela. Kubalulekile ukusekela futhi ungahluleli, noma ngabe ukukhohlisa kulawulwa.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Umuntu onenkohliso yokushushisa akakwazi ukubona iqiniso. Bakholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi abantu noma amaqembu, njengohulumeni, ahlose ukubalimaza. Lezi zinkolelo ngokuvamile azinangqondo noma ziyinqaba.

Ukukhohliswa okushushisayo kuvame ukuvela ekuphazamisekeni kwezempilo yengqondo, njenge-schizophrenia noma isifo se-schizoaffective.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi othandekayo uhlangabezana nokukhohliseka, basekele futhi ubakhuthaze ukuthi babone uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo.