Pertussis kubantu abadala

-Delile

• Izimpawu nezimpawu
• Izigaba
• Izinkinga
• Ukuvimbela
• Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa

Kuyini i-pertussis?

I-Pertussis, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukukhwehlela, kubangelwa ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya. Kuyisifo esithathelwanayo esisakazeka kalula sisuka kumuntu siye komunye ngamagciwane asemoyeni avela ekhaleni nasemphinjeni. Ngenkathi izinsana zinethuba elikhulu lokuthola ukukhwehlela, ukugula kungatholwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Izimpawu nezimpawu

Ngokuvamile, ukukhwehlela kuqala njengomkhuhlane ovamile. Izimpawu zingafaka ikhala eligijimayo, umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi, ukukhathala, nokukhwehlela okuncane noma kwesinye isikhathi.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iziphonso zokukhwehlela ziba nzima kakhulu. Ukukhwehlela kungahlala amasonto ambalwa, kwesinye isikhathi amasonto ayi-10 noma ngaphezulu. Ucwaningo lwesayensi luphakamisa ukuthi kuze kube nokukhwehlela okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili noma amathathu kungaba ne-pertussis.

Ubukhulu bezimpawu bungahluka kubantu abadala. Izimpawu zivame ukuba nzima kakhulu kubantu abadala abathole ukuvikeleka kokukhwehlela kokugoma kwangaphambilini noma ukutheleleka.

Izimpawu ze-pertussis kubantu abadala zingafaka:

• ukukhwehlela isikhathi eside, okunzima kuyalingana, kulandele ukuphefumula
• ukuhlanza ngemuva kokukhwehlela kufanelana
• ukukhathala ngemuva kokukhwehlela kufanelana

Uphawu lwakudala lwe- “whoop” wumsindo ophakamisa umsindo owenziwa lapho umuntu edonsa umoya ngemuva kokuhlaselwa ukukhwehlela okunzima. Lesi sibonakaliso singase singabi khona kubantu abadala abanesifo sokukhwehlela.

Izigaba

Imvamisa kuthatha cishe izinsuku eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyi-10 ngemuva kokuvezwa ukutheleleka ukuqala ukukhombisa izimpawu. Ukululama ngokugcwele ekukhwehleleni kungathatha izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Odokotela bahlukanisa ukukhwehlela kube:

Isigaba 1: Isigaba sokuqala sokukhwehlela kungahlala isonto elilodwa kuya kwamabili. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimpawu zifana nomkhuhlane ovamile. Usulelana kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi.

Isigaba 2: Iziphonso zokukhwehlela ezinzima, ezinobudlova ziyakhula phakathi nalesi sigaba. Phakathi kweziphonso zokukhwehlela, abantu bavame ukuhefuzela, baphume amathe, bese bethola amehlo. Ukuhlanza nokukhathala kungalandela ukulingana okukhulu kokukhwehlela. Lesi sigaba imvamisa sithatha isonto elilodwa kuya kwayisithupha, kepha singahlala isikhathi eside kuze kube amasonto ayishumi.Uhlala usakazeka kuze kube cishe amasonto amabili ngemuva kokuqala kokukhwehlela.

Isigaba 3: Kulesi sigaba, ukukhwehlela kuqala ukwehla. Awusathathelani ngalesi sikhathi. Lesi sigaba sithatha amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu. Ngoba uthambekele kakhulu kwezinye izifo zokuphefumula, kufaka phakathi umkhuhlane ovamile, ukululama kungathatha isikhathi eside uma kwenzeka ezinye izifo.

Izinkinga

Ngenkathi izingane ezincane zinamathuba amaningi okuba nezinkinga ezivela ku-pertussis kunabantu abadala, ezinye izinkinga zingase zenzeke kubantu abadala.

Ngokusho kwe-American Academy of Family Physicians kanye neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), abantu abadala abanesifo sokukhwehlela okungamahlalakhona bangathola:

• ukuncipha komzimba
• ukungazibambi komchamo noma izingozi zangasese
• inyumoniya
• izimbambo zaphuka ngenxa yokukhwehlela
• ukungalali

Ukuvimbela

Indlela engcono yokuvimbela ukukhwehlela ukukhishwa ukugonywa. I-Tdap, i-pertussis booster shot, inconywa abantu abadala abangagonyiwe esikhundleni se-booster yabo elandelayo ye-Td (tetanus ne-diphtheria), enikezwa njalo eminyakeni eyi-10.

Ukusebenza kwemigomo kuyancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abantu abadala abagonyelwe i-pertussis njengoba izingane zingathola ukukhwehlela njengoba amasosha omzimba, noma ukuvikelwa kulesi sifo, eqala ukuphela.

Yenza i-aphoyintimenti yokubona umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi wahlangana nomuntu onesikhwehlela, noma ngabe awukaze ukhwehlele okungamahlalakhona.

Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa

Odokotela bavame ukuxilonga ukukhwehlela ngokuthatha i-swab ye-mucus ngemuva komphimbo noma ekhaleni. Bangaphinde ba-oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi.

Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile, ngoba kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukusakazeka kwezifo kwabanye abantu, ikakhulukazi izinsana, ezithinteka kakhulu ekuguleni.

Ukukhwehlela kuvame ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic, okungasiza ukunciphisa ubunzima noma ubude besikhathi obuthathayo ukululama ekuguleni. Kodwa-ke, ama-antibiotic akunakwenzeka ukuthi asize uma ukukhwehlela kuqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu.

Ukuthatha imishanguzo yokukhwehlela mhlawumbe ngeke kusize ekunciphiseni izimpawu. Izeluleko zokungathathi umuthi wokukhwehlela ngaphandle uma uyalelwe ngudokotela wakho.