Polymyositis: kuyini, izimpawu eziyinhloko kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-polymyositis ne-dermatomyositis?
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-Polymyositis yisifo esingajwayelekile, esingelapheki futhi esiwohlozayo esibonakala ngokuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kwemisipha, okudala ubuhlungu, ubuthakathaka nobunzima bokwenza ukunyakaza. Ukuvuvukala kuvame ukuvela emisipheni ehlobene nesiqu, okungukuthi, kungahle kube nokubandakanyeka kwentamo, okhalweni, emuva, emathangeni nasemahlombe, ngokwesibonelo.

Imbangela enkulu ye-polymyositis izifo ezizimele, lapho amasosha omzimba eqala ukuhlasela umzimba uqobo, njengesifo samathambo, i-lupus, i-scleroderma ne-Sjögren's syndrome, ngokwesibonelo. Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kwabesifazane futhi imvamisa ukuxilongwa kwenzeka phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nengama-60, kanti i-polymyositis ayivamile ezinganeni.

Ukuxilongwa kokuqala kwenziwa ngokususelwa ekuhloleni izimpawu zomuntu nomlando womndeni, kanti ukwelashwa kuvame ukufaka ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokuzivikela kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-polymyositis zihlobene nokuvuvukala kwemisipha futhi yilezi:

• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene;
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha;
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha;
• Ukukhathala;
• Kunzima ukwenza ukunyakaza okulula, njengokuvuka esihlalweni noma ukubeka ingalo yakho phezu kwekhanda lakho;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo;
• Imfiva;
• Ukushintsha umbala ezandleni zakho, okwaziwa ngokuthi yisifo sikaRaynaud noma isifo.

Abanye abantu abane-polymyositis bangase babe nokubandakanyeka kwesisu noma amaphaphu, okuholele ebunzimeni bokugwinya nokuphefumula, ngokulandelana.

Ukuvuvukala kuvame ukwenzeka ezinhlangothini zombili zomzimba futhi, uma kushiywe kungalashwa, kungadala ukuthi imisipha iphele amandla. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhomba noma yiziphi izimpawu, kubalulekile ukuya kudokotela ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kungaqalwa.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-polymyositis ne-dermatomyositis?

Njenge-polymyositis, i-dermatomyositis nayo iyi-myopathy yokuvuvukala, okusho ukuthi, isifo esingamahlalakhona esiwohlozelayo esibonakala ngokuvuvukala kwemisipha. Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kokubandakanyeka kwemisipha, ku-dermatomyositis kukhona ukubonakala kwezilonda zesikhumba, njengamabala abomvu esikhunjeni, ikakhulukazi emajoyini eminwe nasemadolweni, ngaphezu kokuvuvukala nokubomvu kuzungeze amehlo. Funda kabanzi nge-dermatomyositis.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokuya ngomlando womndeni nezimpawu ezethulwe ngumuntu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, udokotela angacela i-biopsy yemisipha noma isivivinyo esikwazi ukuhlola umsebenzi wesicubu kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwemisinga kagesi, i-electromyography. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-electromyography nalapho kudingeka khona.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivivinyo zamakhemikhali ezingabuye zihlole ukusebenza kwemisipha, njenge-myoglobin ne-creatinophosphokinase noma i-CPK, ngokwesibonelo, inga-oda. Qonda ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-CPK kwenziwa kanjani.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-polymyositis kuhlose ukuqeda izimpawu, ngoba lesi sifo esingapheliyo esiwohlozayo asinalo ikhambi.Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ye-corticosteroid, efana nePrednisone, kunganconywa ngudokotela ukuqeda izinhlungu nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwemisipha, ngaphezu kwama-immunosuppressants, njengeMethotrexate neCyclophosphamide, ngokwesibonelo, ngenhloso yokwehlisa ukuphendula komzimba umzimba uqobo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukwenza ukwelashwa ngokomzimba ukuze ubuyise ukunyakaza futhi uvikele i-muscle atrophy, ngoba ku-polymyositis imisipha ibuthakathaka, okwenza kube nzima ukwenza ukunyakaza okulula, njengokubeka isandla sakho ekhanda, ngokwesibonelo.

Uma kukhona nokubandakanyeka kwezicubu zomzimba, okudala ubunzima ekugwinyweni, kungakhonjiswa nokuthi uye kumelaphi wezinkulumo.