Umlobi: Randy Alexander
Usuku Lokudalwa: 2 Epreli 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 27 U-Okthoba 2024
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-Delile

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Yini i-thrombocythemia eyinhloko?

I-thrombocythemia eyinhloko isifo esingajwayelekile sokuvala igazi esibangela ukuthi umnkantsha ukhiqize amaplatelets amaningi. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi i-thrombocythemia ebalulekile.

Umnkantsha wamathambo izicubu ezinjengesiponji ezisemathanjeni akho. Iqukethe amaseli akhiqiza:

  • amaseli abomvu egazi (ama-RBC), athwala umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba
  • amaseli egazi amhlophe (WBCs), asiza ukulwa nezifo
  • ama-platelet, avumela ukujiya kwegazi

Ukubalwa kweplatelet ephezulu kungadala ukuthi amahlule egazi akhule ngokuzenzekelayo. Imvamisa, igazi lakho liqala ukujiya ukuvimbela ukulahleka okukhulu kwegazi ngemuva kokulimala. Kubantu abane-thrombocythemia eyinhloko, noma kunjalo, amahlule egazi angakha ngokuzuma nangaphandle kwesizathu.

Ukujiya igazi okungavamile kungaba yingozi. Amahlule egazi angavimba ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni, isibindi, inhliziyo, nezinye izitho ezibalulekile.


Yini ebangela i-thrombocythemia eyinhloko?

Lesi simo senzeka lapho umzimba wakho ukhiqiza amaplatelets amaningi, okungaholela ekunqandeni okungavamile. Kodwa-ke, imbangela ngqo yalokhu ayaziwa. Ngokuya nge-MPN Research Foundation, cishe uhhafu wabantu abane-thrombocythemia eyinhloko bane-gene mutation kuJanus kinase 2 (JAK2) gene. Lesi sakhi sinesibopho sokwenza iphrotheni ekhuthaza ukukhula nokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli.

Lapho inani lakho leplatelet liphezulu kakhulu ngenxa yesifo noma isimo esithile, libizwa ngokuthi i-thrombocytosis yesibili noma esebenzayo. I-thrombocythemia eyinhloko ayijwayelekile kangako kune-thrombocytosis yesibili. Olunye uhlobo lwe-thrombocythemia, i-thrombocythemia ezuzwe njengefa, alutholakali kakhulu.

I-thrombocythemia eyinhloko ivame kakhulu kubantu besifazane nakubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo singathinta nabantu abasha.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-thrombocythemia eyinhloko?

I-thrombocythemia eyinhloko imvamisa ayizibangeli izimpawu. Ukuqina kwegazi kungaba yisibonakaliso sokuqala sokuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle. Amahlule egazi angakhula noma kuphi emzimbeni wakho, kepha maningi amathuba okuthi akhe ezinyaweni zakho, ezandleni, noma ebuchosheni. Izimpawu ze-clot yegazi zingahluka ngokuya ngokuthi i-clot ikuphi. Izimpawu ngokuvamile zifaka:


  • ikhanda
  • ikhanda elikhanyayo noma isiyezi
  • ubuthakathaka
  • ukuquleka
  • ukuba ndikindiki noma ukuncinza ezinyaweni noma ezandleni zakho
  • ububomvu, ukushaya, nobuhlungu obushisayo ezinyaweni noma ezandleni zakho
  • izinguquko embonweni
  • ubuhlungu besifuba
  • ubende obukhulisiwe kancane

Ezimweni ezingavamile, isimo singadala ukopha. Lokhu kungenzeka ngendlela ye:

  • ukulinyazwa okulula
  • ukuphuma ezinsinini noma emlonyeni wakho
  • ukuphuma kwamakhala
  • umchamo onegazi
  • indle enegazi

Yiziphi izinkinga ze-primary thrombocythemia?

Abesifazane abane-thrombocythemia eyinhloko futhi abathatha namaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo basengozini enkulu yokuba namahlule egazi. Lesi simo siyingozi ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ukuqina kwegazi okuku-placenta kungaholela ezinkingeni ngokukhula kwengane noma ukukhulelwa kwesisu.

Ukuqina kwegazi kungadala ukuhlaselwa yischemic okudlulayo (TIA) noma isifo sohlangothi. Izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi zifaka:

  • ukungaboni kahle
  • ubuthakathaka noma ukuba ndikindiki ezithweni noma ebusweni
  • ukudideka
  • ukuphelelwa umoya
  • kunzima ukukhuluma
  • isithuthwane

Abantu abane-thrombocythemia eyinhloko nabo basengozini yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amahlule egazi angavimba ukugeleza kwegazi liye enhliziyweni. Izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo zifaka:


  • isikhumba se-clammy
  • ukucindezela ubuhlungu esifubeni okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu embalwa
  • ukuphelelwa umoya
  • ubuhlungu obufinyelela ehlombe lakho, ingalo, emuva, noma umhlathi

Yize kungajwayelekile kangako, ukubalwa kweplatelet ephezulu kakhulu kungaholela ku:

  • ukuphuma kwamakhala
  • ukulinyazwa
  • ukuphuma ezinsinini
  • igazi esitokisini

Shayela udokotela wakho noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha uma unezimpawu ze:

  • ihlwili legazi
  • isifo senhliziyo
  • unhlangothi
  • ukopha kakhulu

Lezi zimo zibhekwa njengezimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha futhi zidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Itholakala kanjani ngokuyinhloko i-thrombocythemia?

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ahlole ngokomzimba bese ekubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma ngokumpontshelwa igazi, ukutheleleka, kanye nezinqubo zokwelashwa owake waba nazo esikhathini esedlule. Phinda utshele udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imishanguzo kadokotela kanye ne-over-the-counter (OTC) nezithasiselo ozithathayo.

Uma kusolwa i-thrombocythemia eyinhloko, udokotela wakho uzoqhuba izivivinyo ezithile zegazi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungafaka:

  • Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (CBC). I-CBC ilinganisa inani lama-platelet egazini lakho.
  • Ukugcotshwa kwegazi. I-smear yegazi ihlola isimo samaplatelets akho.
  • Ukuhlolwa kofuzo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuzosiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ngabe unesimo esizuzwe njengefa esidala inani eliphezulu leplatelet.

Okunye ukuhlolwa kokuxilongwa kungafaka ukufisa umnkantsha wethambo ukuhlola amaplatelet akho ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Le nqubo ifaka ukuthatha isampula lezicubu zomnkantsha zibe wuketshezi. Imvamisa ikhishwa ethangeni lesifuba noma okhalweni.

Ngokuqinisekile uzothola ukuxilongwa kwe-thrombocythemia eyinhloko uma udokotela wakho engakwazi ukuthola isizathu senani lakho eliphezulu leplatelet.

Iphathwa kanjani ngokuyinhloko i-thrombocythemia?

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luzoncika ezintweni eziningi, kufaka phakathi ubungozi bokuba namahlule egazi.

Ungahle ungadingi ukwelashwa uma ungenazo izimpawu noma ezinye izici zobungozi. Esikhundleni salokho, udokotela wakho angakhetha ukuqapha ngokucophelela isimo sakho. Ukwelashwa kunganconywa uma:

  • bangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60
  • bayabhema
  • unezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengesifo sikashukela noma isifo senhliziyo
  • unomlando wokopha noma wamahlule egazi

Ukwelashwa kungafaka okulandelayo:

  • I-OTC i-aspirin yesilinganiso esincane (IBayer) inganciphisa ukujiya kwegazi. Thenga i-aspirin yedosi ephansi online.
  • Imithi kadokotela kungehlisa ingozi yokuvala noma ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kweplatelet emnkantsheni wethambo.
  • Iplatelet pheresis. Le nqubo isusa ama-platelet ngqo egazini.

Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside wabantu abane-thrombocythemia eyinhloko?

Umbono wakho uncike ezicini ezahlukahlukene. Iningi labantu alihlangabezani nezinkinga isikhathi eside. Noma kunjalo, izinkinga ezinkulu zingenzeka. Zingafaka:

  • ukopha kakhulu
  • unhlangothi
  • isifo senhliziyo
  • izinkinga zokukhulelwa, njenge-preeclampsia, ukulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, nokukhulelwa kwesisu

Izinkinga zokopha azivamile, kepha kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinjenge:

  • i-leukemia enamandla, uhlobo lomdlavuza wegazi
  • i-myelofibrosis, ukuphazamiseka komnkantsha okuqhubekayo

Ngabe i-thrombocythemia eyinhloko ivinjelwa futhi iphathwe kanjani?

Ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuvimbela i-thrombocythemia eyinhloko. Kodwa-ke, uma usanda kuthola ukuxilongwa kwe-primary thrombocythemia, kunezinto ezithile ongazenza ukwehlisa ubungozi bezinkinga ezinkulu.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuphatha noma yiziphi izinto ezinobungozi zamahlule egazi. Ukulawula umfutho wegazi, i-cholesterol, nezimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubungozi bamahlule egazi. Ungakwenza lokhu ngokuzivocavoca umzimba njalo futhi udle ukudla okuqukethe kakhulu izithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele namaprotheni anciphile.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuyeka ukubhema. Ukubhema kwandisa ubungozi bamahlule egazi.

Ukuqhubeka nokunciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga ezinkulu, kufanele futhi:

  • Thatha yonke imithi njengoba kunqunyiwe.
  • Gwema i-OTC noma imishanguzo ebandayo eyandisa ingozi yokopha.
  • Gwema imidlalo yokuxhumana noma imisebenzi eyandisa ubungozi bokuphuma kwegazi.
  • Ngokushesha bika udokotela wakho ukopha okungavamile noma izimpawu zamahlule egazi.

Ngaphambi kwanoma yiziphi izinqubo zamazinyo noma zokuhlinzwa, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wamazinyo noma udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imithi ongayithatha ukwehlisa inani lakho leplatelet.

Ababhemayo nabantu abanomlando wamahlule egazi bangadinga imishanguzo yokwehlisa inani labo leplatelet. Abanye kungenzeka bangadingi ukwelashwa.

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