Ubuhle Nobubi Bokubuyiselwa Kokubomvu: Okufanele Ukwazi

-Delile

• Kuyini ukuphindisela?
• Ziyini izinzuzo?
• Ziyini izingozi?
• Kuvame kangakanani ukuphindisela kabusha?
• Ungabomvu kanjani kabusha
• Ukuthatha

Kuyini ukuphindisela?

Igama elithi "redshirting" belisetshenziswa ngokwesiko ukuchaza umsubathi wasekolishi ohleli unyaka wezemidlalo ukuze avuthwe futhi akhule abe namandla.

Manje, leli gama seliyindlela ejwayelekile yokuchaza ukubhalisa ingane yakho sekwedlule isikhathi enkulisa ukuze uyinike isikhathi esithe xaxa ngaphambi kokuqala isikole samabanga aphansi.

Ukubambezela inkulisa akuyona into ejwayelekile leyo. Abanye abazali bakubheka lokhu uma ingane yabo inokubambezeleka kokukhula noma uma usuku lwabo lokuzalwa luseduze kosuku lokunqunywa kwenkulisa yesifunda sesikole. Ngokuvamile, kukumzali ukuthi athathe isinqumo sokuthi ingane yakhe ingena nini enkulisa.

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthi ukuphindisela kabusha kufanele ingane yakho, kubalulekile ukukala izidingo zengane yakho ngezinzuzo ezicatshangelwayo nezimbi zokuzibamba ngonyaka.

Ziyini izinzuzo?

Abaphenyi bahlaziye izinzuzo ezithile ezihlongozwayo zokuphindisela ingane kabusha, kodwa akukaze kube nesilingo esingahleliwe esihlaziya ukubuyisela kabusha.

Lokho kusho ukuthi imiphumela yesayensi ilinganiselwe futhi kungenzeka ingapendi isithombe esigcwele. Imvamisa, izingane ezivame ukubuyiselwa izithunzi zimhlophe, ezesilisa, futhi zisesimweni esiphakeme senhlalo yomnotho.

Olunye ucwaningo luhlolisise izingane zaseDenmark ezivame ukungena enkulisa ngonyaka ezifika eminyakeni engu-6. Lona unyaka omdala kunezingane eziningi zaseMelika, ezijwayele ukubhalisa unyaka ezihlanganisa iminyaka emihlanu.

Abaphenyi baphetha ngokuthi lokhu kuqala kamuva enkulisa kunciphise ukunganaki kwabo kanye nokungasebenzi kahle ngo-7. Lokhu kwaqhubeka ngenkathi babuye bahlolwa futhi ngo-11. Abaphenyi baphetha ngokuthi lokhu kubambezeleka kuthuthukise impilo yengqondo yengane.

Ucwaningo olwengeziwe ngeqembu lokufunda elihluke kakhulu luyadingeka ukuxhasa lezi zimangalo.

Ngenkathi izifundo zilinganiselwe, nazi ezinye zezinzuzo eziphakanyisiwe zokubuyiselwa kabusha:

• Ukunikeza ingane yakho unyaka owengeziwe ukuze ivuthwe ngaphambi kokungena esikoleni kungabasiza baphumelele esikoleni.
• Ingane yakho ingathola unyaka owengeziwe “wokudlala” ngaphambi kokungena esikoleni sabaqalayo. Abaphenyi abaningi bahlole ukubaluleka kokudlala, futhi izifundo ezimbalwa zibheke ukuxhumana phakathi kokudlala nokwenyama, okwenhlalo, kanye nasezinganeni.
• Uma usuku lokuzalwa kwengane yakho liseduze nokunqunywa kwesikole sakho, ukuyigodla unyaka kuzobasiza ukuthi bagweme ukuba ngomunye wezingane ezincane ekilasini labo.

Ziyini izingozi?

Kukhona nezinye izingqinamba ezingaba khona ekubuyiseleni kabusha:

• Inzuzo yokufunda kwezingane zakho ingahlala ngaphezu kweminyaka embalwa yokuqala yesikole.
• Ingane yakho ingakhungatheka ngabalingani ofunda nabo abancane, abavuthiwe.
• Ungahle udinge ukukhokha unyaka owengeziwe wokufundela i-prekindergarten yangasese, noma uhlele enye indlela yokunakekelwa kwezingane, ikakhulukazi uma ungumzali ongayedwa noma kubambiswano lokubambisana kwemali engenayo.
• Ingane yakho izolahlekelwa unyaka wokuthola imali njengomuntu omdala ongaholela ekulahlekelweni kwezezimali kuze kufike ku- $ 80,000.

I-athikili eyodwa yochwepheshe bezemfundo isebenzisa lezi zizathu ukuxwayisa abazali ngokubamba ingane yabo enkulisa. Bancoma kuphela ukucatshangelwa ukuphindisela enye ingane kabusha uma ingane inokubambezeleka okukhulu kokukhula, noma ibhekene nokulahlekelwa noma ukugula okungapheli kothandekayo.

Ukuphinda usebenzise imali kungaphinde kunikeze izinzuzo ezingatheni enganeni yakho uma zingakwazi ukufinyelela enkambisweni enhle yesikole sezinkulisa noma enye indlela yokucebisa phakathi nonyaka wazo obomvu.

Kuvame kangakanani ukuphindisela kabusha?

I-Redshirting ayijwayelekile kakhulu, ngokwesilinganiso. Ngo-2010, amaphesenti angama-87 enkulisa aqala ngesikhathi kwathi amaphesenti ayisithupha abambezeleka. Amanye amaphesenti ayisithupha enkulisa ephindaphindwayo nephesenti elilodwa angena enkulisa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ungahlala endaweni ethile lapho ukwenziwa kabusha kabusha kujwayelekile kakhulu, noma lapho kungavamile ukwenziwa khona. Ukuphindisela kabusha kungabuye kuvame kakhulu ezindaweni ezithile noma phakathi kwemiphakathi ethile noma amaqembu ezenhlalo nezomnotho.

Isibonelo, lo mkhuba uvame kakhulu kubazali abaneziqu zasekolishi. Banethuba eliphindwe kane lokunikeza abafana usuku lokuzalwa lwasehlobo unyaka owengeziwe kunalabo bazali abanezitifiketi zasesikoleni esiphakeme kuphela.

Izifundazwe eziningi nazo zishintshe izinsuku zokungena enkulisa futhi zaletha ezinye izinketho zezinkulisa zezingane.

Isibonelo, iCalifornia yashintsha iminyaka yokunqunywa kwesikole ngo-2010 futhi, ngasikhathi sinye, yethula uhlelo lwesikhashana lwenkulisa ukuhlinzeka ngamathuba okunothisa izingane eziphuthelwe yi-cutoff. Lezi zinhlobo zezinguquko zenqubomgomo zingaba nomthelela ekwehleni kokubuyiselwa kabusha kwempahla.

Ungabomvu kanjani kabusha

Uma usuthathe isinqumo sokubambezela inkulisa unyaka, yini elandelayo?

Izifunda zesikole nezidingo zombuso zasenkulisa ziyahluka. Hlola nesikole samabanga aphansi sengane yakho esizayo ukuthola ukuthi ungayilibazisa kanjani inkulisa ngonyaka.

Kungaba lula njengokungabhalisi ingane yakho ngonyaka wesikole noma ukukhipha ingane yakho uma usuvele ubhalisile. Isifunda sakho sesikole singadinga okuningi kuwe, ngakho-ke phenya ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani esifundeni sakho.

Ukuthola ukuthi wenzeni ngengane yakho ngalowo nyaka owengeziwe kungenye indaba. Ungakwazi ukwelula isikhathi sengane yakho enkulisa noma enkulisa, noma kungafaneleka ukufuna inketho ehlukile yokufunda kulo nyaka owengeziwe.

Ungahle ufune izindlela zokusiza ingane yakho onyakeni wayo owengeziwe ngaphambi kwenkulisa. Nawa amanye amakhono entuthuko nemisebenzi okufanele ugxile kuyo:

• Siza ingane yakho ukuthi ifunde izinhlamvu, izinombolo, imibala, nobunjwa.
• Funda izincwadi ngokuzwakalayo futhi ukhuthaze ingane yakho ukuthi ihlanganyele nazo.
• Cula izingoma ezinemvumelwano bese uzijwayeza amagama anemvumelwano.
• Hlela izinsuku zokudlala ezivamile futhi uveze ingane yakho kontanga yayo ukuthuthukisa amakhono okuxhumana nabantu.
• Thatha ingane yakho uye nayo emhlabeni ukuze uthole okuhlangenwe nakho okubanzi, njengokuvakashela i-zoo, imnyuziyamu yezingane, nezinye izindawo ezithwebula umcabango wazo.
• Faka ingane yakho emakilasini wokungezelela njengobuciko, umculo, noma isayensi.

Qiniseka ukuthi unyaka owengeziwe wenkulisa yangaphambi kwenkulisa yengane yakho uyacebisa futhi uyavuza. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula kakhulu ukushintshela enkulisa ngonyaka olandelayo, ngenkathi kusiza ingane yakho ukuthi ithole okuhle kakhulu kulo nyaka owengeziwe.

Ukuthatha

Kala ngokucophelela izinzuzo nezingozi, futhi ucabangele izidingo ezihlukile zengane yakho ngaphambi kokunquma ukuphinda ufake ingane yakho kabusha. Cabanga ukukhuluma nabazali bezingane ezindala nodokotela wezingane wengane yakho nothisha ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo sakho. Futhi, hlola izidingo zesikole sakho sendawo.

Enye indlela ukubhalisa ingane yakho enkulisa ngesikhathi, kepha kungenzeka ugcine ingane yakho enkulisa ngonyaka wesibili, uma unquma lokho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Njengomzali, uyazi kangcono ingane yakho. Ngolwazi olufanele nokufaka, unganquma ukuthi uyibhalisela nini ingane yakho enkulisa.