Izimbangela Zobuhlungu Bezinso Obulungile: Izimpawu kanye Nokwelapha

-Delile

• Ukutheleleka kwe-Urinary tract (UTI)
• Ukwelashwa
• Amatshe ezinso
• Ukwelashwa
• Ukuhlukumezeka kwezinso
• Ukwelashwa
• Isifo sezinso sePolycystic (PKD)
• Ukwelashwa
• I-renal vein thrombosis (RVT)
• Ukwelashwa
• Umdlavuza wezinso
• Ukwelashwa
• Ukubonana nodokotela nini
• Ukuthatha

Izinso zakho zitholakala engxenyeni engemuva yendawo yakho ephezulu yesisu ngaphansi nje kwezimbambo zakho. Unayo ngapha nangapha komgogodla wakho. Ngenxa yobukhulu nendawo yesibindi sakho, izinso zakho zangakwesokudla zivame ukuhlala ngaphansi kancane kunesobunxele.

Izimo eziningi ezibangela ubuhlungu bezinso (renal) zithinta eyodwa yezinso zakho. Ubuhlungu endaweni yezinso zakho zangakwesokudla bungakhombisa inkinga yezinso noma kungabangelwa izitho eziseduze, imisipha, noma ezinye izicubu zomzimba.

Ngezansi kunezimbangela eziyisithupha zobuhlungu ezinso zakho zangakwesokudla:

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngalezi zimbangela zezinhlungu zezinso, nokuthi lezi zinkinga zivame ukutholakala futhi ziphathwe kanjani.

Ukutheleleka kwe-Urinary tract (UTI)

Imvamisa kubangelwa amagciwane, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kubangelwa isikhunta noma amagciwane, ama-UTIs isifo esivamile.

Noma zivame ukufaka umgudu ophansi womchamo (i-urethra nesinye), zingabandakanya nepheshana eliphezulu (ureters nezinso).

Uma izinso zakho zithintekile, izimpawu nezimpawu zingafaka:

• umkhuhlane omkhulu
• izinhlungu eziseceleni nezaphezulu
• Ukugodola nokuzamazama
• ukuchama kaningi
• isifiso esiqhubekayo sokuchama
• igazi noma ubomvu emchameni
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza

Ukwelashwa

Njengolayini wokuqala wokwelashwa kwama-UTIs, udokotela kungenzeka anikeze ama-antibiotic.

Uma izinso zakho zithelelekile (i-pyelonephritis), zingase zikunikeze umuthi we-fluoroquinolone. Uma une-UTI enzima, udokotela wakho angancoma ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngemithi elwa namagciwane egazini.

Amatshe ezinso

Okwakhiwe ezinso zakho - imvamisa kusuka kumchamo ogxilile - amatshe ezinso ayizinsalela eziqinile zosawoti namaminerali.

Izimpawu zamatshe ezinso zingafaka:

• izinhlungu eziseceleni nezasemhlane
• isidingo esiphikelelayo sokuchama
• ubuhlungu lapho uchama
• ukuchama ngamanani amancane
• umchamo onegazi noma onamafu
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza

Ukwelashwa

Uma itshe lezinso lincane ngokwanele, lingazidlula ngokwalo.

Udokotela wakho angase asikisele umuthi wezinhlungu futhi uphuze amalitha amabili kuya kwamathathu wamanzi ngosuku. Bangakunika futhi i-alpha blocker, umuthi opholisa i-ureter yakho ukusiza itshe lidlule kalula futhi kabuhlungu.

Uma itshe likhulu noma lidala umonakalo, udokotela wakho angancoma inqubo ehlasela kakhulu efana nale:

• I-extracorporeal wave wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Le nqubo isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuhlephula itshe lezinso libe lincane, kube lula ukudlula izingcezu.
• I-nephrolithotomy enamandla. Kule nqubo, udokotela ngokuhlinzwa ususa itshe esebenzisa izibonakude ezincane kanye nezinsimbi.
• Ububanzi. Phakathi nale nqubo, udokotela usebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile avumela ukuthi badlule kwi-urethra yakho nakwisinye ukuze bagibe noma bachithe itshe.

Ukuhlukumezeka kwezinso

Ukuhlukumezeka kwezinso kungukulimala kwezinso okuvela emthonjeni ongaphandle.

Ukuhlukumezeka okungaqondakali kubangelwa umthelela ongangeni esikhunjeni, kuyilapho ukuhlukumezeka okungena kungumonakalo odalwa yinto engena emzimbeni.

Izimpawu zokuhlukumezeka okungaqondakali yi-hematuria nokulimala endaweni yezinso. Izimpawu zokuhlukumezeka okungena ngaphakathi kuyisilonda.

Ukuhlukumezeka kwezinso kukalwa ngesikali kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-5, kanti ibanga 1 kube ukulimala okuncane kuthi ibanga lesi-5 kube yinso eye ichithekile futhi yanqanyulwa ekunikezelweni kwegazi.

Ukwelashwa

Iningi lokuhlukumezeka kwezinso kunganakekelwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, kwelaphe imiphumela emibi yokuhlukumezeka njengokungaphatheki kahle nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.

Udokotela wakho futhi angase asikisele ukwelashwa ngokomzimba futhi, kuyaqabukela, ahlinzwe.

Isifo sezinso sePolycystic (PKD)

I-PKD yisifo sofuzo esibonakala ngamaqoqo ama-cysts agcwele uketshezi akhula ezinso zakho. Uhlobo lwesifo sezinso esingalapheki, i-PKD inciphisa ukusebenza kwezinso futhi inamandla okubangela ukwehluleka kwezinso.

Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-PKD zingafaka:

• ubuhlungu emuva nangemuva
• i-hematuria (igazi emchameni)
• amatshe ezinso
• ukungajwayelekile kwe-valve yenhliziyo
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme

Ukwelashwa

Njengoba lungekho ikhambi le-PKD, udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuphatha isimo ngokwelapha izimpawu.

Isibonelo, uma esinye sezimpawu umfutho wegazi ophakeme, bangahle bakunikeze izinguquko ekudleni, kanye ne-angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) noma i-angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.

Ngokutheleleka kwezinso bangahle bakunikeze ama-antibiotic.

Ku-2018, i-FDA ivume i-tolvaptan, umuthi wokwelapha isifo sezinso se-polyosstic esivelele se-autosomal (ADPKD), ifomu le-PKD elibala cishe amaphesenti angama-90 wamacala e-PKD.

I-renal vein thrombosis (RVT)

Imithambo yakho yezinso ezimbili ithatha igazi eligcwele umoya-mpilo lisuka ezinso zakho liye enhliziyweni yakho. Uma i-clot yegazi ikhula kunoma yikuphi noma kokubili, ibizwa ngokuthi i-renal vein thrombosis (RVT).

Lesi simo asijwayelekile. Izimpawu zifaka:

• ubuhlungu beqolo
• hematuria
• kunciphise ukuphuma komchamo

Ukwelashwa

Ngokusho kwe-, i-RVT ibhekwa njengophawu lwesimo esingaphansi, imvamisa isifo se-nephrotic.

I-Nephrotic syndrome ukuphazamiseka kwezinso okubonakaliswa umzimba wakho ukhipha amaprotheni amaningi kakhulu. Uma i-RVT yakho ingumphumela wokwelashwa kwe-nephrotic syndrome udokotela wakho angakuncoma:

• imishanguzo yegazi
• amaphilisi amanzi, imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol
• abahlinza igazi
• imithi evimbela amasosha omzimba

Umdlavuza wezinso

Umdlavuza wezinso awunawo izimpawu kuze kube yizigaba zakamuva. Izimpawu zesigaba sakamuva zifaka:

• uhlangothi oluqhubekayo nobuhlungu emuva
• hematuria
• ukukhathala
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• ukuncipha kwesisindo okungaqondakali
• umkhuhlane ophakathi

Ukwelashwa

Ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela yokwelashwa eyinhloko yomdlavuza omningi wezinso:

• nephrectomy: kukhishwa yonke inso
• i-nephrectomy engaphelele: isimila sisuswa ezinso

Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angakhetha ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile (ukusikeka okukodwa) noma ukuhlinzwa nge-laparoscopic (uchungechunge lwezimbotshana ezincane).

Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa komdlavuza wezinso zifaka:

• i-immunotherapy ngezidakamizwa ezifana ne-aldesleukin ne-nivolumab
• ukwelashwa okubhekiswe ngezidakamizwa ezifana ne-cabozantinib, sorafenib, everolimus, ne-temsirolimus
• ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngemishayo yamandla aphezulu enjenge-X-ray

Ukubonana nodokotela nini

Uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu obungaguquguquki maphakathi nendawo yakho kuya emuva noma ezinhlangothini, bheka udokotela wakho. Kungaba inkinga yezinso, ngaphandle kokunakwa, engalimaza izinso zakho unomphela.

Kwezinye izimo, njengokutheleleka kwezinso, kungaholela ezinkingeni ezisongela impilo.

Ukuthatha

Uma unezinhlungu endaweni yezinso zakho zangakwesokudla, kungabangelwa inkinga ejwayelekile yezinso, njengokutheleleka komgudu womchamo noma itshe lezinso.

Ubuhlungu endaweni yezinso zakho zangakwesokudla bungadalwa futhi yisimo esingajwayelekile kakhulu njenge-renal vein thrombosis (RVT) noma isifo sezinso se-polycystic (PKD).

Uma unezinhlungu eziphikelelayo endaweni yezinso, noma uma ubuhlungu buya ngokuqina, noma kuphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, bheka udokotela wakho ukuthola izinketho zokuxilongwa nokwelashwa.