Kungani Konke Ukusabela Kwe-Anaphylactic Kudinga Uhambo Oluya Egumbini Lezimo Eziphuthumayo

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Usebenzisa nini i-epinephrine
• Ungayiphatha kanjani i-epinephrine
• Ngenkathi ulinde abaphenduli bezimo eziphuthumayo
• Ingozi ye-rebound anaphylaxis ngemuva kwe-epinephrine ephuthumayo
• I-Anaphylaxis ngemuva kokunakekelwa
• Ukuvimbela ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic okuzayo

NgoMashi 2020, i-Food and Drug Administration (i-FDA) yakhipha incwadi exwayisa umphakathi ukuthi i-epinephrine auto-injectors (i-EpiPen, i-EpiPen Jr, namafomu ejwayelekile) angasebenza kabi. Lokhu kungakuvimbela ekutholeni ukwelashwa okungasindisa impilo ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo. Uma unikezwe i-epinephrine auto-injector, bona izincomo ezivela kumkhiqizi bese ukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo mayelana nokusetshenziswa okuphephile.

Ukubuka konke

Kunezinto ezimbalwa ezesabisa ukwedlula ukuba noma ukubona ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic. Izimpawu zingahle zisuke kokubi ziye kokubi ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi zingafaka:

• inkinga yokuphefumula
• isifuba
• ukuvuvukala kobuso
• ukuhlanza
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• ukuquleka

Uma ufakaza othile enezimpawu ze-anaphylactic, noma nawe unezimpawu ngokwakho, shayela abezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Uma uke waba nokusabela okweqile okwedlule esikhathini esidlule, kungenzeka ukuthi udokotela wakho ukunikeze umjovo ophuthumayo we-epinephrine. Ukuthola isibhamu esiphuthumayo se-epinephrine ngokushesha okukhulu kungasindisa impilo yakho - kepha kwenzekani ngemuva kwe-epinephrine?

Ngokufanelekile, izimpawu zakho zizoqala ukuthuthuka. Kwesinye isikhathi bangakwazi nokuxazulula ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungaholela ekukholweni ukuthi awusekho engcupheni. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akunjalo.

Uhambo oluya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo (ER) lusadingeka, noma ngabe uzizwa kanjani kahle ngemuva kokuphendula kwakho kwe-anaphylactic.

Usebenzisa nini i-epinephrine

I-Epinephrine ivame ukukhulula izimpawu eziyingozi kakhulu ze-anaphylaxis ngokushesha - kufaka phakathi ukuvuvukala komphimbo, ukuphefumula kanzima, nomfutho wegazi ophansi.

Ukwelashwa kokuzikhethela kunoma ngubani one-anaphylaxis. Kepha udinga ukuphatha i-epinephrine emizuzwini embalwa yokuqala ngemuva kokuqala kokungezwani komzimba ukuze isebenze kakhulu.

Khumbula ukuthi kufanele unikeze i-epinephrine kuphela umuntu onikezwe umuthi. Kufanele futhi ulandele imiyalo ngokucophelela. Imithamo iyahlukahluka, futhi izimo zezokwelapha ngazinye zingathinta indlela umuntu asabela ngayo kukho.

Isibonelo, i-epinephrine ingadala isifo senhliziyo kumuntu onesifo senhliziyo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kusheshisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo futhi kukhuphula umfutho wegazi.

Nikeza umjovo we-epinephrine uma othile evezwe ku-trigger allergen futhi:

• unenkinga yokuphefumula
• ukuvuvukala noma ukuqina emphinjeni
• azizwe enesiyezi

Futhi nika umjovo ezinganeni ezivezwe i-allergen trigger kanye ne:

• zidlulile
• hlanza kaninginingi ngemuva kokudla ukudla okungezwani nakho kakhulu
• bakhwehlela kakhulu futhi banenkinga yokubamba umoya wabo
• babe nokuvuvukala ebusweni nasezindebeni
• badle ukudla abaziwa ukuthi bayaliwa nakho

Ungayiphatha kanjani i-epinephrine

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-auto-injector, funda imiyalo. Idivayisi ngayinye yehluke kancane.

Lapho uthola umuthi wakho we-epinephrine auto-injector ovela ekhemisi, NGAPHAMBI kokuba uwudinge, wuhlole noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka. Ngokuqondile, bheka icala lokuphatha futhi uqiniseke ukuthi alisontekile futhi i-auto-injector izosheleleka kalula. Futhi, hlola ikepisi lokuphepha (imvamisa eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) futhi uqiniseke ukuthi alikhuliswanga. Kufanele ishaye ngezinhlangothi ze-auto-injector. Uma noma imaphi ama-auto-injectors akho engahambi kalula kuleli cala noma unekepisi yokuphepha ephakanyiswe kancane, buyisela ekhemisi ukuze uzothatha indawo yayo. Lokhu kukhubazeka kungadala ukubambezeleka ekunikezeni umuthi, futhi noma ikuphi ukubambezeleka ekuphenduleni kwe-anaphylactic kungasongela impilo. Ngakho-ke futhi, NGAPHAMBI kokuba uyidinge, sicela uhlole i-auto-injector bese uqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukukhubazeka.

Ngokuvamile, ukufaka umjovo we-epinephrine, landela lezi zinyathelo ezingezansi:

1. Slayida i-auto-injector ngaphandle kwekesi lokuthwala.
2. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, okuphezulu kokuphepha (imvamisa okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) kufanele kususwe. Ukwenza lokhu kahle, bamba umzimba we-auto-injector esandleni sakho esivelele futhi ngesinye isandla sakho ukhiphe ikepisi lokuphepha uqonde ngqo ngesinye isandla. Ungazami ukubamba ipeni ngesandla esisodwa bese ususa ikepisi ngesithupha sesandla esifanayo.
3. Bamba umjovo ngesibhakela ukhombe ithiphu yewolintshi phansi, nengalo yakho eceleni kwakho.
4. Vulela ingalo yakho eceleni kwakho (sengathi wenza ingelosi yeqhwa) bese wehla ngokushesha uye ohlangothini lwakho ukuze ithiphu le-auto-injector lingene ngqo ethangeni lakho eceleni ngamandla athile.
5. Yigcine lapho bese ucindezela phansi ubambe imizuzwana emi-3.
6. Susa i-auto-injector ethangeni lakho.
7. Faka i-auto-injector emuva esimweni sayo, bese UYA NGOKUSHESHA emnyangweni ophuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduzane ukuze ubuyekezwe udokotela bese ulahla i-auto-injector yakho.

Ngemuva kokufaka umjovo, shayela ku-911 noma abezimo eziphuthumayo zendawo uma ungakakwenzi lokho. Tshela umthumeli mayelana nokusabela kwe-anaphylactic.

Ngenkathi ulinde abaphenduli bezimo eziphuthumayo

Ngenkathi ulinde usizo lwezokwelapha ukuthi lufike, thatha lezi zinyathelo ukuzigcina wena noma umuntu ophendula ngokuphepha:

• Susa umthombo wokungezwani komzimba. Isibonelo, uma i-bee sting ibangele ukusabela, susa i-stinger usebenzisa ikhadi lesikweletu noma udlawana.
• Uma umuntu ezwa sengathi usezoquleka noma uyaquleka, beka lowo muntu phansi ngomhlane uphakamise imilenze yakhe ukuze igazi lifinyelele ebuchosheni bakhe. Ungabamboza ngengubo ukuze bahlale befudumele.
• Uma bephalaza noma benenkinga yokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi uma bekhulelwe, zihlalise futhi ziqhubekele phambili kancane uma kungenzeka, noma zibeke eceleni.
• Uma umuntu equleka, mbeke phansi abhekise ikhanda lakhe emuva ukuze umoya wakhe ungavali bese ubheka ukuthi ishaya ngamandla yini. Uma kungekho ukushaya kwenhliziyo futhi umuntu engaphefumuli, nikeza umoya ophefumulayo kabili bese uqala ukucindezelwa kwesifuba seCPR.
• Nikeza eminye imithi, njenge-antihistamine noma i-inhaler, uma ishaywa.
• Uma izimpawu zingathuthuki, nika umuntu omunye umjovo we-epinephrine. Imithamo kufanele ivele imizuzu emihlanu kuya kwengu-15 ngokuhlukana.

Ingozi ye-rebound anaphylaxis ngemuva kwe-epinephrine ephuthumayo

Umjovo we-epinephrine ephuthumayo ungasindisa impilo yomuntu ngemuva kokuphendula kwe-anaphylactic. Kodwa-ke, umjovo uyingxenye eyodwa kuphela yokwelashwa.

Wonke umuntu oye waba ne-anaphylactic reaction udinga ukuhlolwa nokugadwa egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-anaphylaxis akuyona impendulo eyodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Izimpawu zingaphindaphinda, kubuye amahora noma ngisho nezinsuku ngemuva kokuthola umjovo we-epinephrine.

Izimo eziningi ze-anaphylaxis zenzeka ngokushesha futhi zixazululwe ngokuphelele ngemuva kokuphathwa. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi izimpawu ziba ngcono bese ziqala futhi emahoreni ambalwa kamuva. Kwesinye isikhathi azithuthukisi amahora noma izinsuku kamuva.

Ukusabela kwe-Anaphylactic kwenzeka emaphethini amathathu ahlukene:

• Ukusabela kwe-uniphasic. Lolu hlobo lokuphendula luvame kakhulu. Izimpawu ziphakama kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30 kuya ehoreni ngemuva kokuvezwa i-allergen. Izimpawu ziba ngcono kungakapheli ihora, noma ngaphandle kokwelashwa, futhi azibuyi.
• Ukusabela kwe-Biphasic. Ukusabela kwe-Biphasic kwenzeka lapho izimpawu zihamba ihora noma ngaphezulu, kepha bese zibuyela ngaphandle kokuthi uphinde uboniswe ku-allergen.
• I-anaphylaxis evikelekile. Lolu hlobo lwe-anaphylaxis aluvamile. Ukusabela kungahlala amahora noma ngisho nezinsuku ngaphandle kokuxazululwa ngokuphelele.

Izincomo ezivela ku-Joint Task Force (JTF) ku-Practice Parameters zeluleka ukuthi abantu ababene-anaphylactic reaction bazobhekwa ku-ER amahora angu-4 kuya kwangu-8 ngemuva kwalokho.

Iqembu elibusayo lincoma nokuthi bathunyelwe emakhaya benencwadi kadokotela we-epinephrine auto-injector - nohlelo lokusebenza lokuthi luzokuphathwa kanjani nokuthi nini - ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka kuphinde kwenzeke.

I-Anaphylaxis ngemuva kokunakekelwa

Ubungozi bokuphindaphinda okwenziwa yi-anaphylactic kwenza ukuhlolwa okufanele kwezokwelapha nokunakekelwa kwangemuva kubalulekile, ngisho nakubantu abazizwa belungile ngemuva kokwelashwa nge-epinephrine.

Uma uya emnyangweni ophuthumayo ukuyokwelashwa i-anaphylaxis, udokotela uzokuhlola ngokuphelele. Abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazohlola ukuphefumula kwakho bese bakunikeze umoya-mpilo uma kudingeka.

Uma uqhubeka ukukhala futhi unenkinga yokuphefumula, unganikezwa eminye imithi ngomlomo, ngemithambo, noma nge-inhaler ukukusiza uphefumule kalula.

Le mithi ingafaka:

• bronchodilators
• ama-steroids
• ama-antihistamine

Uzothola i-epinephrine eningi uma uyidinga. Uzobhekwa ngokucophelela futhi unikezwe usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma izimpawu zakho zibuya noma ziba zimbi kakhulu.

Abantu abanokusabela okunzima kakhulu bangadinga ishubhu lokuphefumula noma ukuhlinzwa ukuze bavule izindlela zabo zomoya. Labo abangaphenduli i-epinephrine bangadinga ukuthola lo muthi ngomthambo.

Ukuvimbela ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic okuzayo

Lapho usuphathwe ngempumelelo i-anaphylactic reaction, inhloso yakho kufanele kube ukugwema enye. Indlela engcono yokwenza lokho ukuhlala kude ne-trigger yakho yokungezwani komzimba.

Uma ungenaso isiqiniseko sokuthi yini ebangele ukusabela kwakho, bona oke uxabane nesilonda somlomo noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukukhomba isisusa sakho.

Uma uxabana nokudla okuthile, funda amalebula womkhiqizo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi awudli lutho oluqukethe. Uma udla ngaphandle, yazisa isiphakeli ngokungezwani komzimba kwakho.

Uma uxabana nezinambuzane, gqoka into yokuxosha izinambuzane noma kunini lapho uphumela ngaphandle ehlobo futhi uhlale umbozwe kahle ngemikhono emide namabhulukwe amade. Cabanga ngezinketho zokugqoka ezingasindi ezingaphandle ezikugcina zimboziwe kepha zipholile.

Ungalokothi ujikeleze izinyosi, iminyovu noma ama-hornet. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi bakulume. Esikhundleni salokho, suka kancane kubo.

Uma uxabana nemithi, tshela wonke udokotela ukuthi uvakashela mayelana nokungezwani komzimba kwakho, ngakho-ke abakuniki lowo muthi. Futhi yazisa usokhemisi wakho. Cabanga ukugqoka isongo lesilumkiso sezokwelapha ukwazisa abaphenduli bezimo eziphuthumayo ukuthi une-allergies yezidakamizwa.

Hlala uphatha i-epinephrine auto-injector njalo nawe, uma kwenzeka uhlangabezana ne-allergy trigger yakho ngokuzayo. Uma ungakayisebenzisi isikhashana, hlola usuku ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi aluphelelwe yisikhathi.