Umdlavuza wesikhumba: zonke izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele

-Delile

• Ezinye izimpawu ezingakhombisa umdlavuza wesikhumba
• 1. Izimpawu zomdlavuza wesikhumba ongelona i-melanoma
• Ungawuvikela kanjani umdlavuza wesikhumba
• 1. Vikela isikhumba
• 2. Gqoka isivikelo selanga
• 3. Bheka isikhumba
• 4. Gwema ukushuka

Ukuthola izimpawu ezingakhombisa ukukhula komdlavuza wesikhumba, kukhona ukuhlolwa, okubizwa nge-ABCD, okwenziwa ngokubheka izici zamachashazi namabala ukuze kubhekwe izimpawu ezihambelana nomdlavuza. Izici ezibonwe yilezi:

1. I-asymmetry yokulimala: uma isigamu sesilonda esiboniwe sihlukile kwesinye, kungakhombisa umdlavuza;
2. Unqenqema olumangele: lapho uhlaka lwesibonakaliso, upende noma amabala kungasheleli;
3. Umbala: uma uphawu, upende noma ibala linemibala ehlukene, njengombala omnyama, onsundu nokubomvu;
4. Ububanzi: uma uphawu, upende noma ibala linobubanzi obungaphezu kuka-6 mm.

Lezi zici zingabonwa ekhaya, futhi zisize ekuboneni izilonda zomdlavuza wesikhumba ezingenzeka, kepha ukuxilongwa kufanele kwenziwe njalo ngudokotela. Ngakho-ke, uma unamabala, upende noma izimpawu ngalezi zici, kunconywa ukwenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wesikhumba.

Bheka lawa namanye amathiphu kuvidiyo engezansi ukuthola izimpawu ezisikisela ngomdlavuza wesikhumba:

Indlela enhle yokuhlonza noma yiluphi ushintsho esikhunjeni ukubuka umzimba wonke, kufaka phakathi emuva, ngemuva kwezindlebe, ikhanda kanye naphansi kwezinyawo, cishe i-1 kuya ku-2 izikhathi ngonyaka, ubheke isibuko. Amabala angajwayelekile, izimpawu noma amabala, aguquka ngosayizi, ukuma noma umbala, noma amanxeba angapholi isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga eyodwa, kufanele abhekwe.

Inketho enhle, yokwenza lula ukuhlolwa, ukucela umuntu ukuthi aqaphele sonke isikhumba sakho, ikakhulukazi isikhumba sezinwele, ngokwesibonelo, nokuthwebula izimpawu ezinkulu zokubona ukuvela kwayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Bona ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba.

Ezinye izimpawu ezingakhombisa umdlavuza wesikhumba

Yize izimo eziningi zomdlavuza wesikhumba zinezici zangaphambilini, kunezinye izimpawu ezingakhombisa nokukhula komdlavuza. Lezi zimpawu ziyahluka ngohlobo lomdlavuza futhi kungaba:

1. Izimpawu zomdlavuza wesikhumba ongelona i-melanoma

Ungawuvikela kanjani umdlavuza wesikhumba

Ukuvikela ukukhula komdlavuza wesikhumba, kubalulekile ukwamukela ezinye izindlela ezigwema ukuthintana ngqo nesikhumba nemisebe yelanga ye-ultraviolet, kunciphisa ubungozi bezinguquko. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izindlela zokugwema lolu hlobo lomdlavuza yilezi:

1. Vikela isikhumba

Ukuvikela isikhumba kahle, umuntu kufanele agweme ukushiswa yilanga ngezikhathi ezishisayo kakhulu zosuku, ikakhulukazi ehlobo, phakathi kuka-11 ekuseni no-4 ntambama, ezama ukuhlala emthunzini lapho kungenzeka khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile uku:

• Gqoka isigqoko esinomphetho obanzi;
• Gqoka isikibha sikakotini, esingemnyama, noma izingubo ezinokuvikelwa yilanga ezinophawu lwe-FPU 50+ kulebula;
• Gqoka izibuko zelanga ezinokuvikelwa kwe-UV, okuthengwe kochwepheshe bamehlo;
• Gqoka isivikelo selanga.

Lezi zeluleko kufanele zigcinwe kokubili ogwini, echibini nakunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuchayeka ngaphandle, njengakwezolimo noma ukwenza umsebenzi engadini, ngokwesibonelo.

2. Gqoka isivikelo selanga

Kufanele ufake i-sunscreen yansuku zonke emisebeni ye-UVA ne-UVB ngesici okungenani esingu-15, ukufaka umkhiqizo kuwo wonke umzimba, kufaka ebusweni, ezinyaweni, ezandleni, ezindlebeni nasentanyeni, ukufaka isicelo kabusha njalo emahoreni amabili noma ngemuva kokuya amanzi, ngoba ukuvikelwa kwawo kuyancipha. Bona ukuthi iliphi i-sunscreen elungele uhlobo ngalunye lwesikhumba.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-sunscreen kwenzeka unyaka wonke, kufaka phakathi nasebusika, ngoba noma ngabe isimo sezulu sigubuzele, imisebe ye-UV idlula emafwini futhi ithinte kabi isikhumba esingavikelekile.

3. Bheka isikhumba

Isikhumba kufanele sibhekwe okungenani kanye ngenyanga, sibheke amabala, izimpawu noma amabala aseshintshe umbala, anemiphetho engajwayelekile, anemibala ehlukahlukene noma ande ngosayizi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wesikhumba okungenani kanye ngonyaka ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwesikhumba nokuthola ushintsho kusenesikhathi.

4. Gwema ukushuka

Ukusebenzisa imibhede yokushuka kwandisa amathuba okuthola umdlavuza wesikhumba, ngoba yize isikhumba siba nsundu ngokushesha okukhulu, ukuvezwa okukhulu kwemisebe ye-UVB ne-UVA kwandisa amathuba ezinguquko kumaseli esikhumba. Zazi izingozi zokushuka okufakelwayo.