Ingabe ukukhononda kwenhliziyo kunzima?

-Delile

• Izilinganiso zenhliziyo zibubula
• Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokububula
• Lapho kudingeka ukwelashwa

Iningi lokukhononda kwenhliziyo akulona elibi, futhi lenzeka ngaphandle kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo, olubizwa ngokwasemzimbeni noma olungenacala, oluqubuka ngenxa yesiyaluyalu semvelo segazi njengoba lidlula enhliziyweni.

Lolu hlobo lokububula luvame kakhulu ezinganeni nasezinganeni, futhi kwenzeka ngoba ukwakheka kwenhliziyo kusakhula futhi kungahle kungalingani, ngakho-ke iningi lazo liyanyamalala eminyakeni edlule, ngokukhula.

Kodwa-ke, lapho ukukhononda kwenhliziyo kuhambisana nezimpawu ezithile, njengokuphefumula kancane, ubunzima bokudla, ukushaya kwenhliziyo noma ukuhlobisa umlomo nezandla, kungabangelwa yisifo esithile, futhi kulezi zimo, kuyadingeka ukuthi uthintane nodokotela wenhliziyo ukuze phenya imbangela, ngokuhlola okufana ne-echocardiography, bese uqala ukwelashwa. Lawa macala kwesinye isikhathi angabonakala kuphela ebudaleni lapho enza izivivinyo ezijwayelekile, ngokwesibonelo.

Thola imininingwane eminingi yokuthi ungazibona kanjani izimpawu zokububula kwenhliziyo.

Izilinganiso zenhliziyo zibubula

Kunezinhlobo eziyisithupha zokububula kwenhliziyo, ezihluka ngokuya ngamandla azo:

• Ibanga 1: ukububula okuthule kakhulu okungazwakala kancane ngudokotela lapho elalele;
• Ibanga 2: ikhonjwa kalula lapho kulalelwa indawo ethile;
• Ibanga 3: kungukuphefumula okukhulu ngokulingene;
• Ibanga 4: ukububula okukhulu okungazwakala nge-stethoscope endaweni enkulu;
• Ibanga 5: ukububula okukhulu okuhambisana nokuzwela kokudlidliza esifundeni senhliziyo;
• Ibanga 6: ingazwakala ngendlebe ibheke esifubeni.

Ngokuvamile, lapho kuba khona ukushuba nokuqina okukhulu kokukhononda, aba maningi namathuba enkinga yenhliziyo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela anga-oda izivivinyo eziningana zokuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo nokuhlola ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ushintsho oludinga ukwelashwa.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokububula

Izimbangela zokukhononda kwenhliziyo zifaka phakathi izinguquko zomzimba noma ezingenacala, lapho kungekho sifo futhi esinganyamalala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni; noma dimiphumela yokuzalwa enhliziyweni, lapho inhliziyo ingakhuli kahle, inamaphutha kuma-valve noma imisipha yayo, njengoba kungenzeka ku-Down syndrome, i-rubella engokwemvelo noma umlutha wotshwala ngumama, ngokwesibonelo.

Ezinye izibonelo zesifo sokuzalwa kungukuphikelela kwe-ductus arteriosus, i-mitral valve prolapse, i-valve stenosis, ukuxhumana kwangaphakathi, ukuxhumana okuphakathi, ukukhubazeka kwe-atrioventricular septal kanye ne-tetralogy ka-Fallot.

Ezinganeni ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kungavela nokukhononda kwenhliziyo, njengoba ingane ingase izalwe ngaphandle kokukhula okugcwele kwenhliziyo. Kulezi zimo, ukwelashwa kwenziwa futhi ngokuya ngohlobo loshintsho nezimpawu zengane.

Lapho kudingeka ukwelashwa

Ezimweni zokububula okungenacala, ukwelashwa akudingekile, ukulandela nje udokotela wezingane, njengoba eyalelwe nguye.

Kodwa-ke, lapho ukukhononda kwenhliziyo kubangelwa yisifo senhliziyo, kuyadingeka ukuqala ukwelashwa, okuhluka kuye ngesizathu saso, futhi kuqondiswe ngudokotela wenhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izinketho yilezi:

• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi: eminye imithi isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukukhubazeka okuthile enhliziyweni, njenge-Ibuprofen esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-ductus arteriosus eqhubekayo, noma ezinye zohlobo lwe-diuretic, njenge-furosemide, nama-antihypertensives, njengepropranolol ne-enalapril, engasetshenziswa ukwelapha futhi lawula izimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, isibonelo;
• Ukuhlinzwa: kungakhonjiswa ukwelapha amacala abucayi kakhulu wokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo, okungathuthuki ngokwelashwa kokuqala noma okunzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, amathuba yile:
  • Balloon ukulungiswa valve, okwenziwe ngokwethulwa kwe-catheter kanye ne-insufflation yebhaluni, kuboniswa kakhulu ezimweni zokuncipha kwama-valve;
  • Ukulungiswa ngokuhlinzwa, eyenziwe ngokuvulwa kwesifuba nenhliziyo ukulungisa iphutha ku-valve, emisipheni noma ukushintsha i-valve enesici.

Ngokuvamile, ukululama ekuhlinzweni kulula futhi kuyashesha, kudinga kuphela isikhathi sokulaliswa izinsuku ezimbalwa, kuze kufike lapho kukhishwa ekhaya, ngemuva kokukhululwa kudokotela wezingane noma kudokotela wenhliziyo.

Kungadingeka futhi ukwenza ukulungiswa nge-physiotherapy, ngaphezu kokubuyela nodokotela ukuyohlolwa kabusha. Yazi kangcono lapho kuboniswa ukuhlinzwa kokububula kwenhliziyo.