Okufanele Ukwazi Ngokukhubazeka Kwenkulumo Yabantu Abadala

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Izinhlobo ezivamile zokukhubazeka kwenkulumo yabantu abadala
• Izimbangela zokukhubazeka kwenkulumo yabantu abadala
• I-Apraxia
• I-Dysarthria
• I-Spasmodic dysphonia
• Ukuphazamiseka kwezwi
• Ukuhlonza ukukhubazeka kwenkulumo yabantu abadala
• Ukwelashwa kokukhubazeka kwenkulumo yabantu abadala
• I-Apraxia
• I-Dysarthria
• I-Spasmodic dysphonia
• Ukuphazamiseka kwezwi
• Ukuvimbela ukukhubazeka kwenkulumo yabantu abadala
• Umbono wokukhubazeka kwenkulumo yabantu abadala

Ukubuka konke

Ukukhubazeka ekukhulumeni kwabantu abadala kufaka noma yiziphi izimpawu ezenza umuntu omdala abe nobunzima bokukhulumisana nezwi. Izibonelo zifaka inkulumo ethi:

• kucashile
• yehlisiwe
• hoshela
• Ngingingiza
• ngokushesha

Ngokuya ngesizathu esiyimbangela yokukhubazeka kwakho ekukhulumeni, ungahlangabezana nezinye izimpawu, ezinjengalezi:

• ukumunca amathe
• imisipha yobuso ebuthakathaka
• Inkinga yokukhumbula amagama
• ukusilela kolimi okucacile
• ukusikwa okungazelelwe kwemisipha yakho yezwi

Uma uhlangabezana nokuqala kokukhubazeka kokukhuluma, thola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Kungaba wuphawu lwesimo esibucayi esibucayi, njengesifo sohlangothi.

Izinhlobo ezivamile zokukhubazeka kwenkulumo yabantu abadala

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokukhubazeka kokukhuluma nokuphazamiseka kwenkulumo, kufaka phakathi:

• i-apraxia (AOS), okuyisifo semizwa esenza kube nzima kumuntu onalesi simo ukuthi asho lokho afuna ukukusho kahle
• i-dysarthria, okuyinkulumo engacacisiwe noma enqunyiwe
• i-spasmodic dysphonia, engadala ukuthi izwi lakho lihhole, lomoya futhi liqinile
• ukuphazamiseka kwezwi, okuyizinguquko emsindweni nasekusebenzeni kalula kwenkulumo yakho okubangelwa yinoma yisiphi isici esishintsha ukusebenza noma ukwakheka kwezintambo zakho zezwi

Izimbangela zokukhubazeka kwenkulumo yabantu abadala

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokukhubazeka kokukhuluma zidalwa izinto ezehlukene. Isibonelo, ungaqala ukukhubazeka ekukhulumeni ngenxa ye:

• unhlangothi
• ukulimala okubuhlungu kwengqondo
• ukukhubazeka kwemizwa noma ukuphazamiseka kwemoto
• ukulimala noma ukugula okuthinta izintambo zakho zezwi
• ukuwohloka komqondo

Ngokuya ngesizathu nohlobo lokukhubazeka kokukhuluma, kungenzeka ngokuzumayo noma kuthuthuke kancane kancane.

I-Apraxia

I-apraxia yokukhuluma etholakele (i-AOS) ivame ukubonwa kubantu abadala kepha ingenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Kuvame ukubangelwa ukulimala okulimaza izingxenye zobuchopho obhekele ukukhuluma.

Izimbangela ezivamile zingabandakanya:

• unhlangothi
• ukulimala ekhanda okubuhlungu
• isimila sobuchopho
• izifo ezingenayo i-neurodegenerative

I-Dysarthria

IDysarthria ingenzeka uma unenkinga yokuhambisa imisipha ye:

• lips
• ulimi
• ukugoqa kwezwi
• uvalo

Kungaba umphumela wokuwohloka kwemisipha nezimo zezimoto ezibandakanya:

• i-multiple sclerosis (MS)
• ukuqina kwemisipha
• ukukhubazeka kobuchopho (CP)
• Isifo sikaParkinson

Ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona zifaka:

• unhlangothi
• ukuhlukumezeka ekhanda
• isimila sobuchopho
• Isifo seLyme
• ukukhubazeka ebusweni, njengokukhubazeka kukaBell
• amazinyo okufakelwa aqinile noma akhululekile
• ukuphuza utshwala

I-Spasmodic dysphonia

I-Spasmodic dysphonia ibandakanya ukunyakaza okungazibandakanyi kwezintambo zakho zezwi lapho ukhuluma. Lesi simo singavela ekusebenzeni okungavamile kobuchopho. Imbangela ngqo ayikaziwa.

Ukuphazamiseka kwezwi

Izintambo zakho zezwi nokukwazi kwakho ukukhuluma kungathinteka kabi ngemisebenzi eyahlukahlukene, ukulimala, nezinye izimo, ezinjenge:

• umdlavuza womphimbo
• ama-polyps, amaqhuqhuva, noma okunye ukukhula ezintanjeni zakho zezwi
• ukungeniswa kwemithi ethile, njenge-caffeine, i-anti-depressants, noma i-amphetamines

Ukusebenzisa izwi lakho ngokungeyikho noma isikhathi eside kungadala nekhwalithi yezwi elihoshozelayo.

Ukuhlonza ukukhubazeka kwenkulumo yabantu abadala

Uma uhlangabezana nokuqala kokukhubazeka okungazelelwe, funa usizo lwezokwelapha khona manjalo. Kungaba uphawu lwesimo esisongela impilo, njengesifo sohlangothi.

Uma uthuthukela ukukhuluma okungakhuli kahle, yenza isikhathi sokubonana nodokotela wakho. Kungaba uphawu lwesimo sempilo esingaphansi.

Ngaphandle kokuthi ukukhubazeka kwakho ekukhulumeni kubangelwe ukusebenzisa izwi lakho kakhulu noma ukutheleleka ngegciwane, mhlawumbe ngeke kuxazululwe kukodwa futhi kungahle kube kubi kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuthola ukuxilongwa bese uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ukuze uhlolisise isimo sakho, udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokucela umlando ophelele wezokwelapha nokuhlola izimpawu zakho.

Udokotela wakho futhi uzokubuza uchungechunge lwemibuzo ukukuzwa ukhuluma futhi uhlole inkulumo yakho. Lokhu kungabasiza ukuthi babone izinga lakho lokuqonda nokukwazi ukukhuluma. Kungabasiza nokuthi bafunde uma ngabe isimo sithinta izintambo zakho zezwi, ubuchopho bakho, noma kokubili.

Ngokuya ngomlando nezimpawu zakho zezokwelapha, udokotela wakho angalawula ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma okuningi, okufana nalokhu:

• izifundo zekhanda nentamo zisebenzisa ama-X-ray, ama-CT scan, noma ama-MRI scan
• ukuhlolwa kwamanje kagesi
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• ukuhlolwa komchamo

Ukwelashwa kokukhubazeka kwenkulumo yabantu abadala

Uhlelo lokwelashwa okunconyelwe udokotela wakho luzoya ngesizathu esiyimbangela yokukhubazeka kwakho ekukhulumeni. Kungabandakanya ukuhlolwa okwenziwe yi:

• udokotela wezinzwa
• otolaryngologist
• udokotela wezifo zolimi

Udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kudokotela wezifo zolimi ongakwazi ukukufundisa ukuthi:

• yenza izivivinyo zokuqinisa izintambo zakho zezwi
• ukwandisa ukulawula kwezwi
• thuthukisa ukukhuluma, noma ukukhuluma ngezwi
• ukuxhumana okucacile nokwamukelekayo

Kwezinye izimo, bangancoma futhi amadivayisi wokuxhumana asizayo. Isibonelo, bangakweluleka ukuthi usebenzise umshini we-elekthronikhi ukuhumushela imiyalezo ethayiphiwe ekuxhumaneni ngomlomo.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ungadinga ukuhlinzwa noma ezinye izinqubo zokwelashwa.

I-Apraxia

Ngesinye isikhathi, i-AOS etholakalayo ingahamba yodwa, eyaziwa njengokululama okuzenzekelayo.

Ukwelashwa kwenkulumo ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-AOS. Lokhu kwelashwa kwenziwa ngokwezifiso kumuntu ngamunye futhi uqobo kwenzeka ngakunye.

Ezimweni ezinzima ze-AOS, ukufunda ngezandla noma ukukhuluma ngezandla kungakhuthazwa njengezinye izindlela zokuxhumana.

I-Dysarthria

Uma uthola ukuthi une-dysarthria, udokotela wakho cishe uzokukhuthaza ukuthi uthole ukwelashwa kokukhuluma. Umelaphi wakho angahle anikeze imithambo yokuzivocavoca ukusiza ukuthuthukisa ukulawula ukuphefumula kwakho futhi wandise ukuhlangana kolimi nezindebe.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi amalungu omndeni wakho nabanye abantu empilweni yakho bakhulume kancane. Badinga ukukunika isikhathi esanele sokuphendula imibuzo nokuphawula.

I-Spasmodic dysphonia

Alikho ikhambi elaziwayo le-spasmodic dysphonia. Kepha udokotela wakho angakunika izindlela zokwelapha ukusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zakho.

Isibonelo, bangahle bakunikeze imijovo ye-botulinum toxin (Botox) noma ukuhlinzwa ezintanjeni zakho zezwi. Lokhu kungasiza ukunciphisa ama-spasms.

Ukuphazamiseka kwezwi

Uma kutholakala ukuthi unenkinga yezwi, udokotela wakho angakweluleka ukuthi unciphise ukusetshenziswa kwezintambo zakho zezwi ukuze uzinike isikhathi sokuphulukisa noma ukuvimbela okunye ukulimala.

Bangakweluleka ngokuthi ugweme i-caffeine noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezingacasula imisipha yakho yezwi. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ungadinga ukuhlinzwa noma ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa.

Ukuvimbela ukukhubazeka kwenkulumo yabantu abadala

Ezinye izinhlobo nezimbangela zokukhubazeka kwenkulumo yabantu abadala azikwazi ukuvinjelwa. Kepha ungathatha izinyathelo ukwehlisa ubungozi bokuthuthukisa ezinye izinhlobo zenkulumo engakhubazekile. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Ungalisebenzisi ngokweqile izwi lakho ngokumemeza noma ngokubeka ingcindezi ezintanjeni zakho zezwi.
• Yehlisa amathuba okuba nomdlavuza womphimbo ngokugwema ukubhema nentuthu kagwayi.
• Yehlisa ubungozi bokulimala ebuchosheni ngokugqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela lapho ugibela ibhayisikili lakho, izinto zokuzivikela lapho udlala imidlalo yokuxhumana, nebhanti lesihlalo lapho uhamba ngezimoto
• Nciphisa ingozi yokushaywa unhlangothi ngokuvivinya umzimba njalo, ukudla ukudla okunomsoco, nokugcina umfutho wegazi ophilile namazinga egazi egazini.
• Nciphisa ukuphuza kwakho utshwala.

Umbono wokukhubazeka kwenkulumo yabantu abadala

Uma uba nezimpawu zezwi ezingavamile, funa usizo lwezokwelapha. Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungathuthukisa umbono wakho wesikhathi eside futhi kusize ukuvimbela izinkinga.

Buza udokotela wakho ukuthola eminye imininingwane mayelana ne:

• isimo esithile
• izinketho zokwelashwa
• umbono

Uma kutholakala ukuthi unenkinga yokukhuluma noma yezwi, hlala uphethe ikhadi lokuhlonza elinegama lesimo sakho.

Futhi, gcina imininingwane yakho yezimo eziphuthumayo ephaketheni lakho ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ulungiselele izikhathi lapho ungeke ukwazi ukuxhumana nesimo sakho sempilo nezidingo zakho kwabanye.