I-SPF ne-Sun Protection Myths Zokuyeka Ukukholelwa, Isitatimende

-Delile

• Inganekwane: Udinga kuphela ukugqoka isikrini selanga lapho uchitha usuku ngaphandle.
• Inganekwane: I-SPF 30 inikeza ukuvikelwa okuphindwe kabili kune-SPF 15.
• Inganekwane: Isikhumba esimnyama asikwazi ukushiswa yilanga.
• Inganekwane: Uphephile uma uhlala emthunzini.
• Inganekwane: Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen ekhilimu kune-spray.
• Inganekwane: Zonke izikrini zokuvikela ilanga zisebenza ngendlela efanayo.
• Inganekwane: I-makeup yakho ine-SPF kuyo ngakho-ke awudingi ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen ehlukile.
• Inganekwane: Sukungashi kuyingozi, kodwa ukuthola i-tan kulungile.
• Inganekwane:Inombolo ye-SPF ukuphela kwento okudingeka uyibheke lapho uthenga i-sunscreen.
• Buyekeza kwe-

Ngalesi sikhathi sempilo, (ngethemba!) Ubethelele i-sunscreen yakho i-M.O .. noma unayo? Asikho isidingo sokuba bomvu ebusweni ngenxa yokuphoxeka (noma ukusuka elangeni, ngaleyo ndaba). Khuphula ilanga lakho likhanya ngosizo oluncane oluvela kochwepheshe besikhumba.

Lapha, ochwepheshe baxosha izinganekwane ezivamile zokuvikela ilanga futhi baphendule eminye yemibuzo yakho emikhulu ye-SPF ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi isikhumba sakho sivikelwe kahle isizini yonke.

Inganekwane: Udinga kuphela ukugqoka isikrini selanga lapho uchitha usuku ngaphandle.

Phinda ngemva kwami: Ukuvikela ilanga akuxoxiswana ngakho izinsuku ezingu-365 ngonyaka, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuphi, wenzani, noma yisiphi isimo sezulu. "Ukuchayeka kakhulu elangeni abantu abakutholayo akuhlosile futhi kwenzekile," kusho uJoshua Zeichner, M.D., umqondisi ocwaningweni lwezimonyo nemitholampilo kwezesikhumba e-Mount Sinai Hospital eNew York City. "Abantu abaqapheli ukuthi yisikhathi esifushane esichithwa ngaphandle - lapho beya emsebenzini, beya ezindaweni ezithile — lapho ilanga lilimaza isikhumba sabo."

Lowo monakalo uyanqwabelana; ukuqhuma okufushane kwesikhathi esichithwa ngaphandle kokuvikela ilanga kunemiphumela eyingozi nehlala isikhathi eside. Futhi ngenkathi ukushisa imisebe ye-UVB kunamandla ehlobo, imisebe ye-UVA (ebangela ukuguga nomdlavuza wesikhumba) ingamandla afanayo unyaka wonke futhi ingena ngisho nosuku olugcwele izulu. Manje, ngiyazi ukuthi ucabangani: ngabe ngisadinga i-sunscreen uma ngichitha usuku ngaphakathi? I-Yep — noma ngabe uhlukanisile. Ngenhlanhla, isixazululo silula. Yenza i-sunscreen ibe yingxenye yansuku zonke yenkambiso yakho, imboze bobabili ubuso bakho nanoma yiziphi ezinye izindawo eziveziwe, njengentamo yakho, isifuba, nezandla — zonke izindawo ezivamile abantu abakhohlwa ukuzivikela, ngokusho kukaDkt. Zeichner. (Kodwa kuthiwani uma uthanda ukwenza izimonyo zobuso? Hhayi-ke, ungakwazi ukusendlalela i-SPF ngaphansi kwesisekelo sakho noma ukhethe enye yalezi zikhilimu zobuso ezinemibala egqamile.)

Inganekwane: I-SPF 30 inikeza ukuvikelwa okuphindwe kabili kune-SPF 15.

Kungabonakala njengokuphikisana, kepha imigomo ejwayelekile yezibalo ayisebenzi uma kukhulunywa ngezinombolo ze-SPF. "I-SPF 15 ivimba amaphesenti angama-94 emisebe ye-UVB, kanti i-SPF 30 ivimba amaphesenti angama-97," kuchaza uDkt. Zeichner. Ukwenyuka kokuvikela uma usungaphezu kwe-SPF 30 kuyakhula kuphela, ngakho-ke kulesi simo, isikrini selanga esiphezulu se-SPF asisona ngempela esingcono kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, uma uhlezi lapho uzibuza ukuthi "iyiphi i-SPF engiyidingayo?" impendulo emfushane ithi SPF 30 ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, ngokusho kukaDkt Zeichner. (Lokhu futhi kuyisincomo se-American Academy of Dermatology noma i-AAD.) Lokho kusho ukuthi, akuwona umqondo omubi ukwenza iphutha eliphakeme futhi uhambe ne-SPF 50 lapho usebe lolwandle noma echibini, usho kanjalo."Ukuze uthole izinga lokuvikelwa elibhalwe ebhodleleni, udinga ukuthi usebenzise bobabili inani elanele futhi uphinde ufake isicelo ngokungaguquguquki, okuyinto abantu abaningi abangawenzi," usho kanje. "Ngokukhetha i-SPF ephezulu, usiza ukunxephezela lokhu kungafani."

Manje, isikrini selanga esiphezulu se-SPF ozosibona emashalofini esitolo singu-100, kodwa futhi, lokho ngeke kukunikeze inani eliphindwe kabili lesivikelo njenge-SPF 50. Ukwenyuka kusuka ku-SPF 50 kuya ku-SPF 100 kunikeza umehluko onganakeki wokuvimba amaphesenti angama-98. kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angama-99 emisebe ye-UVB, ngokulandelana, ngokwe-Environmental Working Group. Ukungasho, la ma-SPF aphezulu esibhakabhakeni angenza abantu bacabange ukuthi bangahle baphinde bafake izicelo. "Kungaba nomqondo ongamanga wokuvikelwa nge-SPF engu-100," kusho u-Anna Chien, MD, umsizi kaprofesa wesikhumba esikhungweni iJohns Hopkins School of Medicine, Umumo. Lezi zonke izizathu zokuthi kungani lawo ma-SPF 100 angase abe yinto yesikhathi esidlule maduzane; ngonyaka odlule, i-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ihlongoze ukuthi ilebula eliphezulu le-SPF lifakwe ku-60+. (Okuhlobene: I-FDA Ihlose Ukwenza Izinguquko Ezinkulu Esikrinini Sakho Selanga.)

TL;DR— Ukubheja kwakho okuhle ukusebenzisa i-SPF 30 nsuku zonke, ugcine i-SPF 50 esandleni ngezikhathi lapho uzoba selangeni eliqondile, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uyafaka (futhi uphinde ufake isicelo) kokubili njengoba kuyaliwe.

Inganekwane: Isikhumba esimnyama asikwazi ukushiswa yilanga.

Izizwe ezinesikhumba esimnyama azikhishiwe emthethweni wansuku zonke wokuvikela ilanga. "Ibala lesikhumba linikeza kuphela okulingana ne-SPF 4," kuchaza uDkt. Zeichner. Ngaphandle kokusha, kuphinde kube nengozi yendawo yonke yokuguga nomdlavuza wesikhumba, njengoba imisebe ye-UVA ithinta isikhumba ngokulinganayo—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umbala unjani. Eqinisweni, zombili i-AAD ne-FDA zisekela ukuthi wonke umuntu, noma ngabe uneminyaka emingaki, ubulili, noma uhlanga, angathola umdlavuza wesikhumba futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, angazuza ekusetshenzisweni kwesikrini esivamile selanga. Okubalulekile: Wonke amathoni nezinhlobo zezikhumba athinteka ekulimaleni kwelanga futhi adinga ukuqaphela ngokuvikelwa.

Inganekwane: Uphephile uma uhlala emthunzini.

Kuyavunywa, ukuhlala emthunzini kuyinketho engcono kunokuhlala ngaphansi kwelanga eliqondile, kodwa akuthathi indawo yokuvikela ilanga, kuxwayisa uDkt. Zeichner. "Imisebe ye-UV ikhombisa indawo ekuzungezile, ikakhulukazi uma useduze nendawo enamanzi amaningi." Ngamanye amagama, imisebe ifinyelela kuwe, noma ngaphansi kwesambulela. Eqinisweni, ucwaningo olushicilelwe ku- I-JAMA Dermatology kutholakale ukuthi abantu abahleli ngaphansi kwesambulela sasolwandle abangenalo i-sunscreen banamathuba amaningi okusha kunalabo abaselangeni abebegqoke i-sun. Kunokuba uthembele emthunzini kuphela, kubheke njengengxenye kuphela yezikhali zakho zokuvikela ilanga. "Funa umthunzi, gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela, futhi-ke, khuthala ekusebenziseni i-sunscreen," kweluleka uDkt Zeichner. (Bheka futhi: Imikhiqizo ye-Smart SPF engasona i-Sunscreen)

Inganekwane: Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen ekhilimu kune-spray.

Zonke izinhlobo ze-sunscreen — okhilimu, ama-lotion, izifutho, izinti — zizosebenza kahle ngokulinganayo uma zisetshenziswe kahle, ngokusho kukaDkt. Zeichner. (Ngakho-ke, isivikelo selanga sisebenza kanjani? ," uyanezela. Cabanga ngemihlahlandlela yakhe ewusizo: Ukuze uthole izifutho, bamba ibhodlela ngamasentimitha ukusuka emzimbeni wakho bese ufafaza umzuzwana owodwa kuya kwemibili endaweni ngayinye noma isikhumba sicwebezela, bese usigcoba kahle. Uncamela izinti? Gubha emuva naphambili endaweni ngayinye amahlandla amane ukufaka inani elanele lomkhiqizo. (Okuhlobene: I-Best Spray Sunscreens Engasomisi Isikhumba Sakho)

Uma sikhuluma ngohlelo lokuvikela ilanga, kubalulekile ukuthi ufake isicelo ngaphambi kokuphumela ngaphandle ngoba kuthatha imizuzu eyi-15 ukuze isikhumba sakho sibambe i-sunscreen, ngaleyo ndlela, sivikeleke. Kepha lesi akusona isimo sokwenza-futhi-udinga ukufaka i-sunscreen usuku lonke, futhi. Ngakho-ke, i-sunscreen ihlala isikhathi esingakanani? Kuya ngokuthi: Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, kufanele uswayiphe ngaphezulu kwesikrini selanga njalo emahoreni amabili, ngokusho kwe-AAD. Ukujuluka noma ukubhukuda? Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele uphinde ufake isicelo kaningi, noma ngabe umkhiqizo awunamanzi.

Inganekwane: Zonke izikrini zokuvikela ilanga zisebenza ngendlela efanayo.

Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, "isebenza kanjani i-sunscreen?" okokuqala udinga ukwazi ukuthi ama-sunscreen ahlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: amakhemikhali kanye nomzimba. Owokuqala uhlanganisa izithako ezifana ne-oxybenzone, i-avobenzone, ne-octisalate, ezisebenza ngokumunca imisebe eyingozi ukuze ziyichithe. I-sunscreen yekhemikhali nayo ijwayele ukuba lula ukuyihlikihla ngaphandle kokushiya izinsalela ezimhlophe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izivikeli zelanga zomzimba "zisebenza njengesihlangu" ukuze zihlale ebusweni besikhumba sakho futhi, ngosizo lwezithako ezifana ne-zinc oxide ne-titanium dioxide, ziphambukisa imisebe yelanga eyingozi, ngokusho kwe-AAD.

I-sunscreen vs. Sunblock

Manje njengoba uqonda izisekelo zokuthi i-sunscreen isebenza kanjani, sekuyisikhathi sokubhekana nesinye isihloko esidideke kaningi: i-sunscreen vs. sunblock. Ngokombono, i-sunscreen imunca imisebe ye-UV bese iyayihlakaza ngaphambi kokuba ibe nethuba lokulimaza isikhumba sakho (isb. Ifomula lamakhemikhali) kuyilapho isivikelo selanga sihlala ngaphezulu kwesikhumba sakho futhi sivimba imisebe ngokoqobo (isb. Ifomula lomzimba). Kodwa emuva ngo-2011, i-FDA yanquma ukuthi yonke imikhiqizo yokuvikela ilanga, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izithako eziyisebenzisayo, ingabizwa ngokuthi ilanga kuphela.izikrini. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi abantu besengasebenzisa la magama womabili ngokungashintshi, uma sikhuluma ngobuchwepheshe, ayikho into efana nokuvimbela ilanga.

Ukuthi ukhetha ifomula yekhemikhali noma yomzimba kuphelela endabeni yokukhetha komuntu siqu: amakhemikhali avame ukuzwakala elula, kuyilapho amafomula angokwenyama eyindlela enhle kubantu abanesikhumba esibucayi. Sesikushilo lokho, izinto zokuvikela ilanga zamakhemikhali sezicutshungulwe kamuva nje, ngenxa yocwaningo lwakamuva olwenziwe yi-FDA oluthole ukuthi izithako eziyisithupha ezivamile zamakhemikhali zokuvikela ilanga zamuncwa egazini ngamazinga aphezulu kunomkhawulo wokuphepha wale nhlangano. Akukhathazi ukusho okuncane, kodwa akusho ukuthi lezi zithako aziphephile — ukuthi nje olunye ucwaningo ludinga ukwenziwa. Ngeshwa, nokho, lokho akuwona kuphela umthelela omubi owenziwe ngama-sunscreens wamakhemikhali. Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi i-oxybenzone, esinye sezithako ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kumafomula amafomula, angalimaza noma abe "yingozi" ezixhotsheni zamakhorali. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani ama-sunscreen emvelo noma amaminerali aqhubeka nokuthola ukuthandwa nentshisekelo. (Bheka futhi: Ingabe Isikrini Sokuvikela Imvelo Sibambelela Esikrinini Esivamile Selanga?)

Ekupheleni kosuku, akunakuphikwa ukuthi, "ingozi yokungasebenzisi i-sunscreen idlula izinzuzo zokungagcini i-sunscreen," kusho uDavid E. Bank, M.D., udokotela wesikhumba oqinisekiswe yibhodi ozinze eNew York. Umumo. Usakhathazekile? Namathela amafomula omzimba, njengoba i-FDA ibheka ukuthi zombili i-zinc oxide ne-titanium dioxide ziphephile futhi zisebenza kahle. (Okuhlobene: I-FDA ihlose ukwenza ezinye izinguquko ezinkulu kusikrini sakho selanga)

Inganekwane: I-makeup yakho ine-SPF kuyo ngakho-ke awudingi ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen ehlukile.

Kuhle ukusebenzisa izimonyo nge-SPF (ukuvikela kakhudlwana, kungcono!), Kepha akuyona enye indlela yokuzivikela elangeni (futhi futhi "namaphilisi elanga elangeni"). Cabanga ngakho njengomugqa wesibili wokuzivikela, kunokuba uwukuphela komthombo wakho wokuvikela ilanga. Kungani? Okokuqala, kungenzeka ukuthi awusebenzisi isisekelo sakho noma i-powder kusendlalelo sobuso bakho bonke, kusho uDkt Zeichner. Futhi, kungadinga izimonyo eziningi ukwenza ukuthi izinga le-SPF liqashelwe ebhodleleni, futhi iningi labesifazane aligqoki kangako, uyanezela. Isimanzi esine-sunscreen silungile, inqobo nje uma sinobubanzi obubanzi kanye ne-SPF 30 futhi usebenzisa esanele (okungenani inani losayizi we-nickel lobuso bakho).

Inganekwane: Sukungashi kuyingozi, kodwa ukuthola i-tan kulungile.

I-lobster red hue akuyona kuphela inkomba yesikhumba esilimele. Uma ucabanga ukufeza lokho kukhanya okuhle akuyona inkinga, qagela futhi. "Noma yiluphi ushintsho kumbala wesikhumba - noma ngabe luba bomvu noma luba mnyama nje - luyinkomba yokulimala kwelanga," kusho uDkt. Zeichner. Cabanga ngemigqa ye-tan uphawu oluyisixwayiso lokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuqinisa ukuvikelwa kwakho kwelanga, i-stat. Kulelo nothi, ingabe i-sunscreen iyakuvimbela ukushuka? Yebo. Eqinisweni, isikrini selanga siyakuvimbela ukushuka, kodwa futhi, udinga ukusisebenzisa—futhi usifake kabusha—ngokufanelekile futhi usebenzise ngokwanele. Kumuntu osayizi ojwayelekile, "okwanele" kungu-ounce elilodwa lesikrini selanga (ngenani elithathayo ukugcwalisa ingilazi yokudubula) ukumboza umzimba ngokulinganayo kusuka ekhanda kuye ozwaneni, ngokusho kwe-FDA.

Inganekwane:Inombolo ye-SPF ukuphela kwento okudingeka uyibheke lapho uthenga i-sunscreen.

Kunolwazi oluningi olutholakala kulebula yokuvikela ilanga, nakuba kungase kudide abaningi. Ocwaningweni luka-2015 olushicilelwe ku- I-JAMA Dermatology, amaphesenti angu-43 kuphela abantu ayeqonda incazelo yenani le-SPF. Uzwakala ujwayelekile? Ungakhathazeki! Ngokusobala awuwedwa — futhi, uDkt. Zeichner ulapha ukuze asize ukulungisa lokhu kudideka okuvamile nabanye. Lapha, yini okufanele uyibheke lapho uthenga okokuvikela ilanga nokuthi isho ukuthini into ngayinye ebalulekile, ngokusho kukaDkt. Zeichner.

I-SPF: I-Sun Protection Factor. Lokhu kukhombisa kuphela into evikela imisebe ye-UVB evuthayo. Hlala ubheka igama elithi "broad-spectrum," okubonisa ukuthi umkhiqizo uvikela emisebeni ye-UVA ne-UVB. (Ngokuvamile uzothola leli gama libekwe phambili ngaphambili kwephakeji.)

Ukumelana Namanzi: Lokhu kungaba ngaphambili noma ngemuva kwebhodlela futhi kubhekise ekutheni ifomula ingakwazi ukumelana namanzi noma umjuluko isikhathi esingakanani, okuvamise ukuba yimizuzu engama-40 kuye kwengama-80. Nakuba kungadingekile ukusebenzisa inketho yokumelana namanzi ngezinjongo zansuku zonke, kuyadingeka ebhishi noma ichibi noma lapho uzojima ngaphandle. Futhi isimangalo sesikhathi kufanele sibe side kakhulu ongasithatha ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo kabusha. Ukuze uphephe, phinda ufake isicelo noma nini lapho uphuma emanzini. (Okuhlobene :: Izikrini Zelanga Zokusebenza Ezingamunyi—noma Zishaye noma Zikushiye Ugcobile)

Usuku lokuphelelwa isikhathiNgokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, kungenzeka ukuthi akufanele usebenzise ibhodlela elifanayo lesikrini selanga obusisebenzisa ehlobo eledlule. I-sunscreen ihlala isikhathi esingakanani? Lokhu kuncike kwifomula ethile, kepha umthetho omuhle wesithupha ukuphonsa noma yini onyakeni owodwa ngemuva kokuyithenga, noma uma sekuphelelwe yisikhathi. Ama-sunscreen amaningi azoba nosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi agxivizwe phansi kwebhodlela noma emaphaketheni angaphandle uma eza ebhokisini. Kungani? "Amakhemikhali aselofini avimba ilanga abola, okwenza angasebenzi," kusho uDebra Jaliman, MD, ongumfundisi emtholampilo eMount Sinai School of Medicine, ngaphambilini Umumo.

Okungeyona iComedogenic: Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke kuvimbe izimbotshana, ngakho-ke izinhlobo ezithandwa yizinduna kufanele zihlale zibheka leli gama. (Bheka futhi: Isikrini Sokuvikela Ubuso Esikahle Sazo Zonke Izinhlobo Zesikhumba, Ngokusho Kwabathengi Be-Amazon)

Iphaneli yesithako: Kutholakala ngemuva kwebhodlela, lokhu kuveza izithako ezisebenzayo nokuthi ungasho kanjani ukuthi i-sunscreen imakhemikhali noma ngokomzimba. Okokuqala kufaka izithako ezifana ne-oxybenzone, avobenzone, ne-octisalate; i-zinc oxide ne-titanium dioxide yizona zivimbeli zomzimba ezivame kakhulu.

Izinkomba Zokusebenzisa: Lokhu kuyadingeka nge-monograph esanda kudlula ye-FDA, ephawula ukuthi, ngokusetshenziswa kahle, i-sunscreen ingavikela ekushisweni yilanga, umdlavuza wesikhumba, kanye nezimpawu zokuguga.

Abukho Utshwala: Bheka lokhu lapho ukhetha isivikelo selanga ebusweni, ngoba utshwala bungoma esikhunjeni.

Buyekeza kwe-