Amasiko Esikhohlela

-Delile

• Yini isiko lesikhohlela?
• Kusetshenziselwa ini?
• Kungani ngidinga isiko lesikhohlela?
• Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sesiko lesikhwehlela?
• Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?
• Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela?
• Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi mayelana nesiko lesikhwehlela?
• Izinkomba

Yini isiko lesikhohlela?

Isiko lesikhwehlela isivivinyo esihlola amabhaktheriya noma olunye uhlobo lwesidalwa esingahle sidale ukutheleleka emaphashini akho noma ezindleleni zomoya eziholela emaphashini. Isikhwehlela, esaziwa nangokuthi i-phlegm, uhlobo oluwugqinsi lwamafinyila olwenziwe emaphashini akho. Uma unesifo noma ukugula okungamahlalakhona okuthinta amaphaphu noma imigwaqo yomoya, kungakwenza ukhwehlele isikhwehlela.

Isikhwehlela asifani namathe noma amathe. Isikhohlela siqukethe amaseli avela kumasosha omzimba asiza ukulwa namagciwane, isikhunta, noma ezinye izinto zangaphandle emaphashini akho noma ezindleleni zomoya. Ubukhulu besikhwehlela busiza ukubamba izinto zangaphandle. Lokhu kuvumela i-cilia (izinwele ezincane) ezindleleni zomoya ukuyiphusha ngomlomo bese kukhwehlela ngaphandle.

Isikhwehlela kungaba ngomunye wemibala ehlukahlukene. Imibala ingasiza ukukhomba uhlobo lokutheleleka okungenzeka ukuthi unalo noma uma ukugula okungamahlalakhona sekukubi kakhulu:

• Kucacile. Lokhu kuvame ukusho ukuthi asikho isifo esikhona, kepha inani elikhulu lesikhwehlela esicacile kungaba uphawu lwesifo samaphaphu.
• Mhlophe noma mpunga. Lokhu kungahle kube okujwayelekile, kepha amanani anyukile angasho isifo samaphaphu.
• Ophuzi omnyama noma oluhlaza okotshani. Lokhu kuvame ukusho ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, njenge-pneumonia. Isikhwehlela esiphuzi ngokuluhlaza sibuye sivame kubantu abane-cystic fibrosis. ICystic fibrosis yisifo esizuzwe njengefa esidala ukuthi amafinyila akheke emaphashini nakwezinye izitho.
• UBrown. Lokhu kuvame ukuvela kubantu ababhemayo. Futhi kuyisibonakaliso esivamile sesifo samaphaphu esimnyama. Isifo samaphaphu amnyama yisimo esibi esingenzeka uma uthola isikhathi eside othulini lwamalahle.
• Okuphinki. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwe-edema yamaphaphu, isimo lapho uketshezi oluningi lukhula khona emaphashini. I-edema ye-pulmonary ivamile kubantu abane-congestive heart failure.
• Okubomvu. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuqala lomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Kungaba futhi yisibonakaliso se-pulmonary embolism, isimo esisongela impilo lapho ihlule legazi elisuka emlenzeni noma kwenye ingxenye yomzimba liphuma lihambe liye emaphashini. Uma ukhwehlela isikhwehlela esibomvu noma esinegazi, shayela ku-911 noma funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Amanye amagama: isiko lokuphefumula, isiko lesikhohlela segciwane, isiko lesikhwehlela elijwayelekile

Kusetshenziselwa ini?

Isiko lesikhohlela livame ukusetshenziselwa:

• Thola futhi uhlolisise amabhaktheriya noma isikhunta okungadala ukutheleleka emaphashini noma ezindleleni zomoya.
• Bheka ukuthi ukugula okungalapheki kwamaphaphu kuye kwaba kubi yini.
• Bheka ukuthi ukwelashwa kwesifo kuyasebenza yini.

Isiko lesikhohlela livame ukwenziwa ngolunye uvivinyo olubizwa ngebala le-Gram. Ibala le-Gram yisivivinyo esihlola amabhaktheriya endaweni yesifo esisolwayo noma oketshezini lomzimba njengegazi noma umchamo. Kungasiza ukukhomba uhlobo oluthile lokutheleleka ongahle ube nalo.

Kungani ngidinga isiko lesikhohlela?

Ungadinga lokhu kuhlolwa uma unezimpawu zenyumoniya noma okunye ukutheleleka okungathi sína kwamaphaphu noma imigwaqo yomoya. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukukhwehlela okukhiqiza isikhwehlela esiningi
• Imfiva
• Amakhaza
• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Ubuhlungu besifuba buba bubi kakhulu lapho uphefumula kakhulu noma ukhwehlela
• Ukukhathala
• Ukudideka, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sesiko lesikhwehlela?

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzodinga ukuthola isampula yesikhohlela sakho. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa:

• Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokucela ukuthi uphefumule kakhulu bese ukhwehlela ngokujulile enkomishini ekhethekile.
• Umhlinzeki wakho angakuthinta esifubeni ukusiza ukukhulula isikhwehlela emaphashini akho.
• Uma unenkinga yokukhwehlela isikhwehlela esanele, umhlinzeki wakho angakucela ukuthi uphefumule inkungu enosawoti engakusiza ukukhwehlela ngokujulile.
• Uma namanje ungakwazi ukukhwehlela isikhwehlela esanele, umhlinzeki wakho angenza inqubo ebizwa nge-bronchoscopy. Kule nqubo, uzoqala uthole umuthi ozokusiza uphumule, bese kuba umuthi wokundikindiki ukuze ungezwa buhlungu.
• Ngemuva kwalokho kuzofakwa ithubhu elincane elikhanyisiwe ngomlomo noma ngamakhala nangasemoyeni.
• Umhlinzeki wakho uzoqoqa isampula kusuka ku-airway yakho usebenzisa ibhulashi elincane noma ukuncela.

Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?

Ungadinga ukugeza umlomo wakho ngamanzi ngaphambi kokuba kuthathwe isampula. Uma uzobe uthola i-bronchoscopy, ungacelwa ukuthi uzile ukudla (ungadli noma uphuze) ihora elilodwa noma amabili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?

Akukho bungozi bokuhlinzeka ngesampula lesikhohlela esitsheni. Uma ngabe une-bronchoscopy, umphimbo wakho ungazizwa ubuhlungu ngemuva kwenqubo.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela?

Uma imiphumela yakho ibivamile, kusho ukuthi awekho amagciwane noma isikhunta esiyingozi esitholakele. Uma imiphumela yakho ibingejwayelekile, kungasho ukuthi unohlobo oluthile lokutheleleka ngamagciwane noma ukhunta. Umhlinzeki wakho angadinga ukwenza izivivinyo eziningi ukuthola uhlobo oluthile lokutheleleka onalo. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zebhaktheriya eziyingozi ezitholakala esikweni lesikhohlela zifaka phakathi lezo ezibangela:

• Inyumoniya
• I-bronchitis
• Isifo sofuba

Umphumela wesintu isikhwehlela ongajwayelekile ungasho nokuqubuka kwesimo esingelapheki, njenge-cystic fibrosis noma isifo esingamahlalakhona sokuphazamiseka kwamaphaphu (COPD). I-COPD yisifo samaphaphu esenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.

Uma unemibuzo ngemiphumela yakho, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, ububanzi bezinkomba, nemiphumela yokuqonda.

Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi mayelana nesiko lesikhwehlela?

Isikhohlela singabizwa ngokuthi i-phlegm noma i-mucus. Yonke imigomo ilungile, kepha isikhwehlela nephlegm kubhekisa kuphela kumafinyila enziwe ohlelweni lokuphefumula (amaphaphu nemigwaqo yomoya). Isikhohlela (phlegm) is a thayipha amafinyila. I-Mucus nayo ingenziwa kwenye indawo emzimbeni, njenge-urinary noma i-genital tract.

Izinkomba

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Imininingwane ekulesi siza akufanele isetshenziswe esikhundleni sezokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha noma iseluleko. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wezempilo uma unemibuzo ngempilo yakho.