Umbuso Wesifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2: Lapho Impilo iba Umsebenzi Ogcwele

-Delile

• Imiphumela ebalulekile yocwaningo
• Izinselelo zokuphila nempumelelo
• Umsebenzi osindayo
• Inselele emangalisayo
• Izindaba zempumelelo
• Ukwehlukana kobuzwe nobulili
• Imizwa engemihle
• Umbono omuhle
• Ukukhathazeka kokuncintisana
• Ukushoda kochwepheshe
• Imali uma iqhathaniswa nempilo
• Umsebenzi wohlobo 2 sikashukela
• Umsebenzi wokuphila
• Isisindo nokucwaswa
• Ukucindezeleka nokukhathala
• Ukwehlukana kobuzwe nobulili
• Izikhala zesizukulwane
• Ubulili buhlukana
• Ukukhathazeka kwezokwelapha nezinqumo
• Izinkinga
• Lala
• Ukuhlinzwa komzimba
• Ukufinyelela ukunakekelwa
• Izindleko zokunakekelwa
• Ucingo lokuvuka
• Ukubuyekezwa kwezokwelapha nokubonisana
• Abahlanganyeli bokuhlela nocwaningo

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Ukujula ngokujulile kuhlobo 2 sikashukela

Uma uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 lungekho ezingqondweni zethu, kufanele kube njalo. I-United States iyinhloko-dolobha yomhlaba ethuthukile yalesi sifo. Eduze nabantu baseMelika banesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 noma isimo sangaphambi kwesandulela sayo, ama-prediabetes. Ibala i-1 lamadola ayi-7 esisebenzisa ekunakekelweni kwezempilo, ngokusho kwe-American Diabetes Association. Futhi ngokuya kuthinta izinkulungwane zeminyaka.

Izifundo eziningi zenziwe ezicini ezahlukahlukene zohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2: ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kanjani, ngubani othinteka kakhulu, kanye nezindima ezidlalwa ukudla, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ingcindezi nokulala. U-Healthline uthathe isinqumo sokungena ngokujulile kulo mhlaba ngokubheka okwenzeka nsuku zonke nemizwa yabantu abaphila nesimo esingabaniki usuku lokuphumula.

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili basiphatha kanjani lesi simo? Bangakwazi yini ukukhokhela izinguquko kwezokunakekelwa kwempilo kanye nendlela yokuphila? Ukuxilongwa kuyiguqula kanjani indlela abazibona ngayo nekusasa labo? Ubani obasizayo? Futhi ingabe izimpendulo zale mibuzo ziyahlukahluka ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane? Le yimibuzo esemqoka izifundo eziningi ezingazihloli ngokuphelele njengoba besingathanda.

Ukuthola izimpendulo, uHealthline wayalela ukuba kwenziwe ucwaningo kubantu abangaphezu kuka-1 500 abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Sibuze izinkulungwane zeminyaka, uGen Xers, kanye nama-baby boomers ukuthi basitshele ngemibono yabo, izinkathazo kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukubeka okutholakele kwethu ngendlela efanele, sikhulume nabantu abaphila nalesi simo kanye nochwepheshe bezokwelapha abanolwazi lokwelapha.

Abanye abantu bathi bachuma ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2, kanti abanye bathi bayazabalaza. Iningi likhathazekile ngezinkinga ezinkulu zalesi simo, njengokulahleka kombono noma isifo senhliziyo. Abantu abaningi, asebevele bematasa ngemisebenzi kanye nemindeni, bakuthola kunzima ukubhekana nomsebenzi wokuphatha lesi sifo - lokho omunye uchwepheshe akubiza ngokuthi “umsebenzi wesikhathi esigcwele.” Izinombolo ezinkulu zikhathazeke kakhulu ngokuthi zizokwazi yini ukukhokhela imishanguzo abayidingayo.

Banenkinga yokulala.

Futhi nokho, abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili baphumelele ukwenza ushintsho olukhulu ezimpilweni zabo - ukudla kangcono, ukuzivocavoca kakhulu - nokubona ukuxilongwa kwabo njengosuku abavuka ngalo futhi baqala ukunaka impilo yabo.

Imiphumela ebalulekile yocwaningo

Ucwaningo lweHealthline's State of Type 2 Diabetes lwaphenya ngezingqinamba ezingokomzwelo zalesi simo, lwathola ukungafani okuthe ngqo phakathi kwezizukulwane, futhi lwahlola nokukhathazeka kwabantu okukhulu.

Nasi isifinyezo semiphumela ebalulekile:

Izinselelo zokuphila nempumelelo

Umsebenzi osindayo

Ukwehla kwesisindo kuyinselelo enkulu. Abangaphezu kokuthathu kokuthathu kwalabo abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 bathi isisindo sabo samanje sithinta kabi impilo yabo. Cishe isigamu sizamile ukwehlisa isisindo amahlandla amaningi, ngaphandle kwempumelelo yesikhathi eside. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-40 abike ukuthi kuyaqabukela ukuzivocavoca kanzima ngokwanele ukuphuka izithukuthuku.

Inselele emangalisayo

Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu ezibikiwe ingakumangaza: iningi labantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 - amaphesenti angama-55 - banenkinga yokulala ubusuku obugcwele.

Izindaba zempumelelo

Kwabanye abantu, ukuxilongwa kohlobo lwesifo sikashukela okungu-2 kungazwakala njengocingo lokuvuka ukukhahlela ukuqala kwempilo enempilo. Abantu abaningi babike ukuthi ukuxilongwa kwabo kubaholele ku:

• udle okunempilo ngaphezulu (amaphesenti angama-78)
• phatha isisindo sabo kangcono (amaphesenti angama-56)
• phuza utshwala obuncane (amaphesenti angama-25)

Ukwehlukana kobuzwe nobulili

Abantu abasha banesikhathi esinzima kunabantu asebekhulile abanezinselelo ezingokomzwelo nezezezimali zohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Kusekhona ukucwaswa okuhambisana nalesi simo - kanti izinkulungwane zeminyaka zithwala kanzima.

• Cishe isigamu seminyaka eyizinkulungwane esihlolwe, futhi cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zikaGen Xers, babike ukuthi bafihla isimo sabo ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngalokho abanye abakucabangayo.
• Cishe inombolo efanayo ibike ukuthi bazizwa behlulelwe kabi ngabanye abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
• Izindleko zivimbela ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-40 weminyaka eyizinkulungwane kusukela ekulandeleni njalo izincomo zokwelashwa kodokotela.

Kukhona nokwehlukana kobulili: abesifazane basemathubeni amaningi kunabesilisa ukuthi bathi babeka izidingo zabanye ngaphambi kwezabo, futhi babhekana nezinselelo eziningi zokulinganisela izidingo zabo zokuzinakekela neminye imisebenzi.

Imizwa engemihle

Ukuphila nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kungumsebenzi onzima, ovame ukuhlanganiswa nokukhathazeka. Imizwa emine emibi kakhulu ebikiwe ngabantu yile:

• ukukhathala
• ukhathazeke ngezinkinga
• ukukhathazeka ngezindleko zezimali
• icala ngokungasiphathi kahle isimo

Ngaphezu kwalokho, iningi labika lizizwa sengathi lehlulekile uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-A1C iphezulu kakhulu.

Umbono omuhle

Yize abantu abaningi bezwa imizwa engemihle, abahlanganyeli abaningi bezinhlolovo bazwakalise umuzwa wokufukulwa futhi bakhombisa ukuthi bavame ukuzwa:

• nginentshisekelo yokuthola izindlela ezintsha zokuphatha lesi simo
• onolwazi
• ukuzimela
• ukuzamukela

Abaningi futhi babike imizwa yamandla, yokuqina kanye nethemba.

Ukukhathazeka kokuncintisana

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili bazi kahle izinkinga zezokwelapha ezingahambisana nalesi simo: izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zibike ukukhathazeka ngazo zonke izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu. Ukukhathazeka okukhulu? Ukungaboni, ukulimala kwemizwa, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sezinso, isifo sohlangothi nokunqunywa.

Ukushoda kochwepheshe

Ababambiqhaza abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-60 abakaze babone i-endocrinologist noma uthisha oqinisekisiwe wesifo sikashukela, futhi iningi alikaze lixhumane nodokotela wezokudla. Lokho kuhambisana nocwaningo olukhombisa ochwepheshe abagxile kohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 - inkinga eba yimbi kakhulu.

Imali uma iqhathaniswa nempilo

Isifo sikashukela yisimo esibizayo. Cishe amaphesenti angama-40 ababambiqhaza bocwaningo bakhathazekile ngokwazi kwabo ukukhokhela ukwelashwa esikhathini esizayo.

Ucwaningo lwangempela kanye nedatha ye-Healthline's State of Type 2 Diabetes ingahlinzekelwa abezindaba abangochwepheshe nabaphenyi ngokucela. Konke ukuqhathaniswa kwedatha okubikiwe kuhlolwe ukubaluleka ezingeni lokuzethemba elingamaphesenti angama-90.

Umsebenzi wohlobo 2 sikashukela

Ukuphila nohlobo 2 sikashukela kungazizwa njengomsebenzi wesikhathi esigcwele. Ezingeni eliyisisekelo, lesi simo esingalapheki sithinta indlela umzimba ogaya ngayo ushukela, ongumthombo obalulekile kaphethiloli. Ngaphezu kokuningi, abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili badinga ukudla ngezindlela ezandisa impilo yabo, ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo, nokwenza ezinye izindlela zokuphila ezinempilo nsuku zonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, badinga ukuqapha amazinga kashukela egazini labo. Abaningi badla imishanguzo nsuku zonke.

Yize uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 luhluka ngezindlela ezibalulekile, zombili zibandakanya izinkinga nge-insulin, i-hormone elawula ukuhamba koshukela kumaseli omzimba. Lapho umzimba ungakhiqizi i-insulin, noma uyeka ukuwusebenzisa kahle, ushukela uyakheka egazini futhi udale isimo esibizwa nge-hyperglycemia. Ezigabeni zokuqala, lo shukela ophakeme wegazi ubangela izimpawu ezicashile, njengokoma nokuchama njalo. Uma singavunyelwe, singalimaza imithambo yegazi, izinzwa, amehlo, izinso nenhliziyo.

Eminye imithi yesifo sikashukela iphakamisa ubungozi be-hypoglycemia, noma ushukela wegazi ophansi kakhulu. Lesi simo singadala izinkinga ezinkulu, kubandakanya ukulahlekelwa ukwazi noma nokufa.

Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 luyakhula lapho umzimba umelana ne-insulin - okusho ukuthi i-hormone ayisetshenziswa kahle - noma ayikhiqizi i-insulin eyanele ukugcina ushukela wegazi ungaphakathi kwebanga elihlosiwe. Ihlukile kuhlobo 1 sikashukela, okuyisifo esizimele esivimba ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin. Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 luvame ukukhula phakathi namasonto, imvamisa ezinganeni noma kubantu abadala.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, uhlobo lwesibili sikashukela lukhula kancane. Abantu bangahamba iminyaka bengazi ukuthi banayo. Ukuyilawula, odokotela ngokuvamile bancoma ukuqapha ushukela wegazi, ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila, nemithi yokwelashwa yansuku zonke. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa nge-insulin kuyadingeka. Ngokuya ngenkomba yomzimba (BMI) nezinye izinto, odokotela bangancoma ukuhlinzwa kwesisindo. Ngokusho kweNational Institutes of Health, i-BMI ephezulu ixhunywe nokuphikiswa kwe-insulin.

Kulula ngokweqile - futhi kuyalimaza - ukubiza uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela esingu-2 ngokuthi "isifo sokuphila." Akekho okufanele asolwe ngokuyithuthukisa. Imbangela ngqo ayikaziwa. Kokubili izici zofuzo nezemvelo kungenzeka zibambe iqhaza, kubika iMayo Clinic. Umlando womndeni ubeka abantu engcupheni ephezulu. Izinhlanga ezithile noma ubuhlanga, njengama-Afrika-aseMelika, aboMdabu baseMelika, namaLatinos, nabo basengozini enkulu. Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kubantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-40, yize sithinta kakhulu abantu abadala.

Akunandaba ukuthi kutholakala nini okokuqala, thayipha i-2 yesifo sikashukela esishintsha ngokungenaphutha izimpilo zabantu. Kunconywa ukuvakashelwa kaningi odokotela nokuhlolwa ukuqapha amazinga kashukela egazini. Abantu abaningi babeka imigomo yokudla nokuvivinya umzimba. Kungadingeka ukuthi babhekane nezingcuphe zezinkinga futhi, ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma amazinga e-cholesterol.

Ukufunda ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka nakho kubalulekile. Ukucindezeleka kwengqondo kungakhuphula amazinga kashukela egazini - futhi ukuhlala nohlobo 2 sikashukela kungakhathaza. Kudinga umzamo ukwenza impilo yansuku zonke ngezidingo zesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi esingamahlalakhona.

Indlela yokuphila ithinta ubungozi nobukhali besifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, bese kuthi, isimo siguqule indlela yokuphila yomuntu. Yingakho inhlolovo kaHealthline igxile ekutheni abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 bahamba kanjani usuku nosuku nokuthi bazizwa kanjani ngomthelela wesifo ezimpilweni zabo.

Umsebenzi wokuphila

Ucwaningo lweHealthline luthole ukuthi iningi labantu abadala - ikakhulukazi abantu abadala asebekhulile - lizizwa lihle kakhulu ngokuthi lisilawula kanjani isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Iningi kakhulu lathi basekelwa kahle ngabathandekayo. Abangaphezu kwesigamu babikwa ukuthi bazizwa benolwazi, bekwazi ukuzimela, noma beqina nsuku zonke noma ngeviki. Ngemuva kokuxilongwa kwabo, iningi labo lithe baqala ukudla ngendlela enempilo, bezivocavoca kakhulu, futhi bephatha isisindo sabo kangcono.

Kepha kukhona uhlangothi olubheke eceleni kulowo mfanekiso oshisayo. Ababili kwabathathu babahlanganyeli bocwaningo bathi isisindo sabo samanje sithinta kabi impilo yabo. Abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-40 bathi abavamile ukuzivocavoca kanzima ngokwanele ukuze bajuluke. Futhi abantu abambalwa abancane - ikakhulukazi abantu abadala abasebasha - babike ukuthi bazizwa bekhathele, bekhathazekile noma benecala lokuthi basiphatha kanjani lesi simo.

Le miphumela ingabonakala iphikisana, kepha uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela lwesibili yisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Ungumuntu ongajwayelekile ongalandela zonke izinkomba zikadokotela wabo ku-T. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale unengqondo. Ukuphatha lesi sifo isenzo sokulinganisela: isikwele esincane sikashokoledi kanyekanye kulungile, kepha uswidi olingana nenkosi nsuku zonke awulona.

"Uhlangana nabantu lapho bekhona, futhi ubasiza ukuba benze izinqumo zokuphila ezingokoqobo," kusho uLaura Cipullo, RD, CDE, obhale incwadi ethi "Everyday Diabetes Meals: Cooking for One or Two." Ekusebenzeni kwakhe, usiza abantu ukuthi bagxile kuzinguquko zesikhathi eside, hhayi ukulungiswa okusheshayo.

Kepha ngisho nabantu abazibophezela ekushintsheni imikhuba yabo bangathola ukuthi imizamo yabo ibhalwe phansi yiphathi yosuku lokuzalwa, ukuzibophezela emsebenzini, noma izinto ezingaphezu kwamandla abo.

“Ngenkathi kutholakala ukuthi nganginesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-45 kunalesi enginaso manje,” kusho uShelby Kinnaird, umbhali we-blog Diabetic Foodie nencwadi ethi “The Pocket Carbohydrate Counter Guide for Diabetes.

Yize egcine isisindo, isisindo sakhe sokuhamba esimatasa senza ukuzivocavoca nsuku zonke kube nzima. Muva nje, ubelokhu ehlangabezana "nesipiliyoni sokuntwela kokusa," esisho ushukela osegazini ophakeme obangelwa ukuqhuma kwamahomoni. Kuze kube manje, akakasitholi isisombululo sesikhathi eside. “Konke engikuzamile akusebenzi ngokungaguquguquki. Leyo yinselelo enkulu engibhekene nayo njengamanje. ”

Ngokufanayo, uCindy Campaniello, umholi weRochester, NY, isahluko seqembu elisekelayo iDiabetesSisters, usebenza kanzima ukulinganisela izidingo zokuphatha uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo yempilo ematasa. Ukuzama ukuhlala ekudleni okuthile "kuyesabeka," esho, hhayi ngoba ukudla akukuhle kepha kungenxa yesikhathi esithathayo ukuhlela nokulungisa ukudla.

"Uyazi, sinempilo," kusho uCampaniello. Utshele uHealthline ngezinselelo zokukhulisa abafana ababili abakhuthele ngenkathi belungisa ukudla okunempilo namaprotheni, umkhiqizo omusha, nama-carbohydrate alinganiselwe. "Awukwazi ukuthi ezinganeni zakho, 'Sizoba noMcDonald's kulobubusuku,' 'echaza. "Awukwazi ukusebenza nesifo sikashukela ngokuthola ukudla okugayiwe ngesikhathi sakho sekhefu sasemini."

Isisindo nokucwaswa

Naphezu kwemizamo abayithele ekwenzeni izinguquko ezinempilo, cishe isigamu sababambiqhaza kwinhlolovo yeHealthline bathi ukuphathwa kwesisindo kusalokhu kuyinselelo enkulu: bazamile ukwehlisa isisindo kaningi ngaphandle kwempumelelo yesikhathi eside.

UDkt.Samar Hafida, ongudokotela osebenza endabeni yesifo sikashukela eJoslin Diabetes Centre eBoston, utshele abeHealthline ukuthi ngokwesilinganiso, abantu abelaphayo bazame izindlela ezintathu noma ngaphezulu zemfashini. "Akukho ukuphathwa kwesifo sikashukela okungafaki ukudla okunempilo nokusebenza komzimba," esho, kepha izeluleko zokudla okunemfashini zingadukisa abantu. "Kunenqwaba yolwazi okungelona laphaya."

Lesi ngesinye sezizathu esenza ukuthi ukwehla kwesisindo unomphela kuphunyuke kangaka. Okunye ukuthi abantu ababhekene nezinselelo zesisindo kungenzeka bangakutholi ukungenelela kwezokwelapha okuwusizo, noma olunye usizo.

Okufakwa kulezi zinselelo ukucwaswa okuhambisana nohlobo 2 sikashukela kanye nesisindo, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasha.

"Nganginentombazane nje kwelinye isonto eyayikhuluphele kancane," kusho uVeronica Brady, PhD, CDE, okhulumela i-American Association of Diabetes Educators naye osebenza esikhungweni sezokwelapha eReno, NV. “Lokho akusho kimi ngenkathi ngihlangana naye kwakuwukuthi, 'Ngithemba ukuthi nginesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 hhayi uhlobo 2.'” Nge-type 2, le ntokazi isaba, “'abantu bazocabanga ukuthi nginesifo sikashukela ngoba angizange anginakho ukuzithiba. '”

Umlingisikazi S. Epatha Merkerson, weLaw and Order nodumo lweChicago Med, uyazi inhlamba yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 - ikakhulu ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwamalungu omndeni abenesifo kodwa engakaze akhulume ngaso. Izihlobo zakhe azisho ngisho igama elithi "isifo sikashukela."

"Ngiyakhumbula ngenkathi ngiseyingane, abantu abadala emndenini wami babehlala bethi 'O, unesifo sikashukela,'" kusho uMerkerson etshela uHealthline, "Ngakho-ke ngazithola sengikusho lokho futhi ngingakuqondi kahle, kuyini ukuthinta ushukela? Kungenzeka ukuthi unesifo sikashukela noma awunaso. ”

Ngokukhuluma ngokungagunci ngesimo sakhe, uMerkerson uthemba ukunciphisa ihlazo abantu abaningi abazizwa ngalo. Yingakho engummeli we-America's Diabetes Challenge, exhaswe nguMerck kanye ne-American Diabetes Association. Isinyathelo lesi sigqugquzela abantu ukuthi benze izinguquko endleleni abaphila ngayo futhi balandele nezinhlelo zokwelashwa zokuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.

Ngenkathi uMerkerson etholakala eminyakeni engu-15 eyedlule, kwadingeka aqonde ukuthi isisindo sakhe sisikhulu kangakanani. Ngesikhathi eshiya i-Law and Order, wathi, "Benginekhabethe ebelisuka ku-6 liye ku-16." Wazizwa enamahloni ngokubona usayizi wakhe ukhula kuthelevishini kazwelonke - kodwa futhi wakhuthazeka ukwenza izinguquko.

Uyachaza: “Ngangineminyaka engama-50 lapho kutholakala ukuthi nginalesi sifo, futhi ngaqaphela ngaleso sikhathi ukuthi ngangidla njengomuntu oneminyaka engu-12. Itafula lami, ukudla kwami, nokukhethwa kwami ​​bekungekho eshadini. Ngakho-ke, lokho bekuyinto yokuqala obekufanele ngiyenze, ukuthola ukuthi ngidla kanjani kangcono, ngipheka kanjani, ngithenga kanjani - zonke lezo zinto. ”

Ukucindezeleka nokukhathala

Njengoba kunikezwe wonke umsebenzi ohilelekile ekuphatheni uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, akumangalisi ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angama-40 abantu okwaxoxwa nabo bathi bazizwa bekhathele nsuku zonke noma masonto onke. Ngokuvamile, ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-30 athi azizwa enecala lokuthi asiphatha kanjani lesi simo.

ULisa Sumlin, i-PhD, i-RN, udokotela ongumhlengikazi osesifo sikashukela, uthola ukuthi le mibono ijwayelekile. Amakhasimende akhe ase-Austin, TX, ajwayele ukuba ngabokufika abahola kancane, avame ukusebenza imisebenzi eminingi ukuze aphile. Ukungeza imisebenzi edingekayo ukuphatha uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kudinga isikhathi esithe xaxa namandla.

"Ngitshela iziguli ngaso sonke isikhathi: lo ngumsebenzi wesikhathi esigcwele," esho.

Futhi akuyona eyodwa abangathatha izinqamuleli zayo.

Ngisho nokuhlolwa okubalulekile kwezokwelapha kungadala ukucindezeleka. Isibonelo, odokotela ba-oda ukuhlolwa kwe-A1C ukuze kufundwe ngamazinga kashukela kasilinganiso womuntu ngamunye ezinyangeni ezedlule. Ngokwenhlolovo yethu, cishe abantu abangamaphesenti angama-40 bakuthola kucindezela ukulinda imiphumela yabo ye-A1C. Futhi amaphesenti angama-60 azizwa sengathi "ahlulekile" uma imiphumela ibuya kakhulu kakhulu.

Kuyinkinga u-Adam Brown ayizwile kaninginingi. UBrown, umhleli omkhulu we-diaTribe, uhlala nohlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela futhi ubhala ikholomu yencwadi ethandwayo ye- "Adam's Corner", enikeza ngamathiphu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nohlobo 2. Uphinde wakhuluma ngesihloko sengcindezi ye-A1C encwadini yakhe ethi, “Spots & Landmines: The Diabetes Guide I Wish someone had Handed Me.”

"Abantu bavame ukuya kudokotela wabo bezizwa begwetshwa futhi bezizwa sengathi izinombolo ezisemitha [glucose] noma i-A1C yabo azikho ebangeni, bazizwa sengathi bathola ibanga elibi," kusho uBrown etshela iHealthline.

Esikhundleni sokusondela kulezo zinombolo njengamamaki, uphakamisa ukubaphatha "njengolwazi lokusisiza ekwenzeni izinqumo." Lokhu kubeka kabusha imiphumela yokuhlolwa, uthe: "Akusho ukuthi, 'Adam ungumuntu omubi onesifo sikashukela ngoba inombolo yakho iphezulu impela.'”

Ukucindezeleka ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kunomthelela kwenye inkinga enkulu: "ukukhathala kwesifo sikashukela." Ngokusho kweJoslin Diabetes Center, lesi yisimo lapho abantu abanesifo sikashukela “bekhathele ukuphatha izifo zabo noma bamane nje bangasinaki isikhathi esithile, noma okubi nakakhulu, kuze kube phakade.”

Abanye abantu bacabanga ngokwenza lokho nje.

"Njengoba omunye umuntu angitshele emhlanganweni [weqembu lami] ohlangane nawo ngobunye ubusuku," kusho uKinnaird, "'Ngifuna ukuthatha ikhefu kosuku sikashukela.'”

Ukwehlukana kobuzwe nobulili

Izikhala zesizukulwane

Ungacishe usho ukuthi abantu abadala abasebancane abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 babhekana nesifo esihluke ngokuphelele, uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abadala abanalesi sifo. Kunjalo-ke ukwahlukana kwabo, ikakhulukazi uma uqhathanisa izinkulungwane zeminyaka nama-baby boomers. Ukuqhathanisa kuyamangaza, futhi akuyona indlela enhle yabantu abadala abasebasha.

Ucwaningo lukaHealthline lwembula isilinganiso semizwa nokuhlangenwe nakho okushelelayo phakathi kweminyaka ehlukene yobudala. Iningi lama-baby boomers, aneminyaka engama-53 nangaphezulu, libike umbono omuhle ngemizamo yabo yokulawula uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ukuxhumana kwabo nabanye, nokuzizwa kwabo. Uma kuqhathaniswa, isilinganiso esiphakeme seminyaka eyizinkulungwane zeminyaka, abaneminyaka eyi-18 kuya kwengama-36, bathe banokuhlangenwe nakho okungekuhle kulezi zindawo. Izimpendulo zikaGen Xers zazivame ukuwela phakathi kwalawa amanye amaqembu amabili, njengoba enza iminyaka yobudala.

Isibonelo, amaphesenti angaphezu kwama-50 weminyaka eyizinkulungwane kanye namaphesenti angaphezu kwama-40 kaGen Xers abike ukuthi azizwa enamahloni ngemizimba yabo nsuku zonke noma masonto onke. Amaphesenti angu-18 kuphela ama-baby boomers azizwa ngendlela efanayo. Ngokufanayo, imizwa yecala, ukuphoxeka nokukhathazeka kuvame ukutholwa yiminyaka eyizinkulungwane zeminyaka noGen Xers kunabantu abadala asebekhulile.

Ngenkathi uLizzie Dessify ezwa eneminyaka engu-25 ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2, wagcina ukuxilongwa okuyimfihlo isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga. Lapho ekugcineni ethululela abanye isifuba, ukusabela kwabo akuzange kukhuthaze ukuzethemba.

"Angicabangi ukuthi kukhona omangele," kusho uDessify, osebenza njengomelaphi wezempilo yengqondo esikoleni ePittsburgh, PA. "Angizange ngiqaphele ukuthi ngangivumele kabi impilo yami ukuthi ihambe kanjani, kodwa kusobala ukuthi wonke umuntu owayengizungezile wayeyibonile."

Abantu empilweni yakhe babenozwelo, kepha bambalwa abakholelwa ukuthi angakuguqula ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Lokho "bekudikibala kancane," esho.

UDavid Anthony Rice, ongumculi oneminyaka engu-48 futhi ongumxhumanisi wezithombe, naye ubelokhu ethule ngalesi simo selokhu atholakala ngo-2017. Amanye amalungu omndeni nabangane bayazi, kodwa uyanqikaza ukuxoxa ngezidingo zakhe zokudla.

"Awufuni ukuhambahamba utshela wonke umuntu ukuthi, 'O, nginesifo sikashukela, ngakho-ke lapho ngiza endlini yakho, angikwazi ukukudla lokho,'" kusho yena. "Ngenye yezinselelo zami ezinkulu, ukungazihlukanisi."

Ilayisi limelana nokuhlola ushukela wakhe wegazi emsebenzini, noma ngisho naphambi kwezingane zakhe. "Ukuhlikihla umunwe wami phambi kwabo - angikuthandi ukwenza lokho ngoba kuyabethusa," echaza.

Ucwaningo lweHealthline lubonisa ukuthi kuvame ngokwanele ukuthi izinkulungwane zeminyaka noGen Xers bafihle lesi simo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-baby boomers, la maqembu eminyaka yobudala kungenzeka ukuthi athi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela se-2 siphazamise ubudlelwane bezothando, sabangela izinselelo emsebenzini, noma saholela abantu ekutheni bacabange izinto ezingezinhle ngabo. Bazizwa behlukanisiwe kaningi kunama-baby boomers, futhi.

Lezi zinselelo zingaba nokuthintana nokuthi isimo sivame ukubonwa njengesifo somuntu omdala.

URice wayengakaze ezwe noma ngubani wesizukulwane sakhe ekhuluma ngokuba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 kuze kube yilapho ebona ubuntu be-TV uTami Roman ekhuluma ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe ochungechungeni lwe-VH1 Basketball Wives.

“Bengiqala ukuzwa ukuthi ikhulunyelwa phezulu ngumuntu olingana nami,” kusho yena. Kumhambise ngezinyembezi. "Wayenjengokuthi, 'Ngineminyaka engu-48.' Ngineminyaka engama-48, futhi ngibhekene nalokhu."

Kwezinye izimo, umuzwa wehlazo noma ukucwaswa kungathinta nokuhlangenwe nakho kokunakekelwa kwezempilo kwabantu abadala. Cishe isigamu seminyaka eyizinkulungwane zeminyaka futhi cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zikaGen Xers babike ukuthi bazizwa begwetshwa abanye abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngendlela abaphatha ngayo uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2. Cishe inani elifanayo bathi sebephuzile ukubona umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngoba besaba izinqumo ezinjalo.

Leyo yinkinga, ngoba ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo banganikeza ukuxhaswa okukhulu ukusiza abantu ukuphatha lesi simo. Dessify, isibonelo, unikeza udumo udokotela wakhe ngokumsiza aqonde izinguquko ebezidinga ukuzenza ukuthuthukisa impilo yakhe. Wadla ngokweqile ekudleni kwakhe, wavuselela indlela yakhe yokuzivocavoca, futhi wehla ngamakhilogremu angama-75 eminyakeni emithathu. Manje imiphumela yakhe yokuhlolwa kwe-A1C isemazingeni acishe ajwayelekile. Useze waqala nebhizinisi elincane njengomqeqeshi wokuzivocavoca.

Yize izindaba ezinjalo zempumelelo ziyingxenye ebalulekile yesithombe, izinkulungwane zeminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziningi azihambi kahle kangako.

Ucwaningo lwango-2014 kwi-Diabetic Medicine luthole ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abadala asebekhulile abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, labo abaneminyaka engu-18 kuya kwengu-39 bebencane amathuba okudla okunempilo futhi bathathe i-insulin njengoba kunconyiwe. Abantu abasebancane babenezikolo ezibucayi kakhulu kunabantu asebekhulile.

"Abanalo uhlaka lomqondo lwesimo esingelapheki esidinga ukuqapha nokuqapha impilo yonke," kuchaza uDkt. Rahil Bandukwala, isazi sezinto ezisebenza endocrin e-MemorialCare Saddleback Medical Center eSouthern California.

Kuyacindezela kakhulu kubantu abadala abasebasha ukubona ukuthi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 luzoba nabo impilo yabo yonke, wengeza, ngoba impilo yabo yonke isikhathi eside.

Abantu abancane abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 babhekana nezinye izingqinamba ezicindezelayo, futhi - njengemali. Ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-40 weminyaka eyizinkulungwane bathe kwesinye isikhathi abayilandeli imishanguzo enconyiwe ngenxa yezindleko. Cishe ingxenye yesithathu ibike ukuthi ayinamshwalense omncane wezempilo. Iningi lalabo abanomshwalense bathi basele nezikweletu ezinkulu.

Iminyaka Eyinkulungwane, futhi ngezinga elincane uGen Xers, bebenamathuba amaningi okuthi izingane zikwazi ukusho ukuthi zikuthola kunzima ukulinganisela izidingo zokuzinakekela neminye imithwalo yemfanelo.

UDkt Bandukwala akamangali. Uthole ukuthi ngokujwayelekile, iminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziyinkulungwane isizukulwane esicindezeleke kakhulu. Abaningi bakhathazeka ngokuthola nokugcina imisebenzi ezweni elihamba ngokushesha elinomnotho wokuncintisana womhlaba wonke. Abanye basiza nokunakekela abazali noma ogogo nomkhulu ngezidingo zezimali noma zezokwelapha.

"Kwenza kube nzima kakhulu," esho, "ukwengeza ukunakekelwa kwesifo sikashukela njengomunye umsebenzi."

Ubulili buhlukana

Ukwahlukaniswa kwezizukulwane bekungekhona ukuphela kokungafani okukhonjisiwe kokutholakele ocwaningweni - izikhala ezibalulekile nazo zivele phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa. Baningi kakhulu abesifazane kunabesilisa ababike ubunzima ngesisindo. Abesifazane babenamathuba amaningi okuthi ukuphathwa kwabo kohlobo lwesibili sikashukela kudinga ukwenziwa ngcono. Banenkinga enkulu yokulinganisa ukuzinakekela nezinye izibopho.

U-Andrea Thomas, isikhulu enhlanganweni engenzi nzuzo eWashington, D.C., uvame ukuzwa sengathi akanaso isikhathi sokuphatha uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ngokucophelela ngendlela angathanda ngayo.

"Ngiyakuzonda ukusho ukuthi ngisesimweni esingesihle, lapho ngisebenza khona kakhulu, ngihamba kakhulu ngiye eCalifornia ngoba ubaba uyagula, nginguSihlalo wekomidi esontweni," kusho yena. . "Kunjalo nje, ngilingena kuphi?"

UThomas uzizwa efundiswe kahle ngesimo sakhe. Kepha kunzima ukuhlala ngaphezulu kwayo yonke into yokuyilawula - ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukudla kahle, ukuqapha ushukela wegazi, nakho konke okunye.

"Noma nje ngitshela abantu ukuthi ngifuna ukuba yisalukazi esidala ngelinye ilanga, ohamba umhlaba wonke, kukhona lokho kunqamula phakathi kwengikudinga ukukwenza ukuzinakekela, nengikwenzayo empeleni."

Indaba kaThomas ingahle ihlangane nabesifazane abaningi abaphendule kwinhlolovo kaHealthline.

Cishe amaphesenti angama-70 athi abeka izidingo zabanye ngaphambi kwezawo, yize ephila nokugula okungalapheki. Uma kuqhathaniswa, amaphesenti angaphezu kuka-50 wamadoda asho okufanayo. Ngabe kuyamangaza yini ukuthi abesifazane banenkinga enkulu yokulinganisa ukuzinakekela neminye imisebenzi?

"Ngicabanga ukuthi abesifazane banezinselelo zabo ezihlukile uma kukhulunywa ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili," kusho uThomas. Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu besifazane babheke ukuthi bazinakekela kanjani, engeza, futhi bakubeke eqhulwini.

USue Rericha, umama wezingane ezinhlanu futhi ongumbhali webhulogi iDiabetes Ramblings, uyavuma.

“Izikhathi eziningi, besizibeka ekugcineni,” kusho yena, “kepha ngihlala ngikhumbula, uma usebhanoyini futhi benza ukuhlolwa kwabo kokuphepha futhi bakhuluma ngesifihla-mpilo somoya, batshela abantu abahamba nezingane , beka imaski yakho kuqala bese usiza omunye umuntu. Ngoba uma singenzi okuhle kithina, ngeke sibe lapho sidinga ukuba khona ukuze sisize abanye. "

Ukukhathazeka kwezokwelapha nezinqumo

Izinkinga

Abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 uHealthline akhulume nabo bathe baphila nomthwalo wokukhathazeka okukhulu ngemiphumela emibi yesifo.

Lezo zinkinga zingabandakanya ukulahleka kombono, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sezinso, nesifo sohlangothi. Isifo sikashukela singadala ubuhlungu be-neuropathy, noma ukulimala kwemizwa, ezandleni noma ezinyaweni. Lokho kuba ndikindiki kungashiya abantu bengazi ngokulimala, okungaholela ekuthelelekeni nasekunqanyulweni izitho.

Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi abantu ababili kwabathathu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 bakhathazeka ngazo zonke izinkinga ezibucayi kakhulu zesifo. Lokho kwenza le nkinga ibe ukukhathazeka okuvame kakhulu ukubikwa. Isibalo esikhulu kunazo zonke - amaphesenti angama-78 - sikhathazeka ngokulahleka kombono.

UMerkerson ubone eminye yemiphumela emibi kakhulu yalesi sifo phakathi kwezihlobo zakhe.

"Ubaba wami wabulawa yizinkinga," esho. “Ugogo wayengasaboni. Benginomalume onqunywe indawo engezansi. ”

Abaphenduli bocwaningo abakhombe njenge-African-American noma i-Latino, nabesifazane bazo zonke izizinda, yibo ababengabika kakhulu izinkathazo ezihlobene nenkinga. Abantu futhi bathambekele ekukhathazekeni kakhulu uma behlala noma beseduze ne "," isifundazwe sezindawo eziningi eziseningizimu ukuthi i-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ithole njengamazinga aphezulu ohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo olungu-2.

Lokhu kungenzeka kungamangalisi, ngoba izifundo zithole amazinga aphezulu ezinkinga ezihlobene nesifo sikashukela ezinhlanga ezincane nabesifazane, uma kuqhathaniswa nabamhlophe nabesilisa.

UDkt. Anne Peters usebenza njenge-endocrinologist emitholampilo emibili esendaweni yaseLos Angeles - eyodwa eseBeverly Hills ecebile kanti eyodwa isendaweni engenayo engenayo e-East Los Angeles. Uqaphele ukuthi abantu bavame ukuba nezinkinga ekuqaleni kwempilo emtholampilo wase-East L.A., okhonza abantu abangenakuqinisekiswa futhi ikakhulukazi abaseLatino.

"Emphakathini wase-East L.A., bathola zonke lezi zinkinga zisencane," esho. "Angikaze ngibubone ubumpumputhe nokunqunywa emzimbeni wami eWestside ezineminyaka engama-35 ubudala, kodwa ngenza lapha ngoba akukaze kube khona ukufinyelela impilo yonke kwezempilo."

Lala

Ucwaningo lweHealthline luthole ukuthi ngaphezu kwengxenye yabantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 banenkinga yokulala. Lokho kungazwakala kukuncane, kepha kungadala umjikelezo oyinkinga wokugula.

Isikhungo Sikashukela SikamaJoslin siphawula ukuthi ushukela ophakeme wegazi ungaholela ekomeni nasekuchameni kaningi, ngakho-ke abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili bangavuka izikhathi eziningana ebusuku ukuze baphuze noma baye endlini yangasese. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ushukela wegazi ophansi ungadala imizwa ephazamisa ukulala yokuthuthumela noma ukulamba. Ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka nobuhlungu obuvela ku-neuropathy nakho kungaphazamisa ukulala.

Ucwaningo lwango-2017 lubike ukuthi ukuphazamiseka kokulala nokucindezeleka okuphazamisa ukulala kuvame kakhulu kubantu abane-type 2 yesifo sikashukela. Ngokulandelayo, lapho abantu bengalali kahle, kungenza isifo sikashukela sibe sibi kakhulu: isifundo se-2013 ku-Diabetes Care sathola ukuthi amazinga eglucose egazi athinteka kabi lapho abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 belele isikhashana noma isikhathi eside kakhulu.

"Ngihlala ngibuza abantu, ikakhulukazi uma benoshukela ophakeme wegazi, ulala kangakanani futhi ingabe indawo yakho yokulala ikulungele ukulala?" Kusho uBrown. Ubhalele abantu abaningi befuna amathiphu okuphatha isifo sikashukela. Ngokubona kwakhe, abaningi abakuqapheli ukubaluleka kokulala.

"Ukukhuluma ngokulala kungaba nemithelela emikhulu ngosuku olulandelayo, maqondana nokuphikiswa kwe-insulin okuncane, ukuzwela kwe-insulin okuthe xaxa, ushukela omncane kanye nezifiso ze-carb, isifiso esengeziwe sokuzivocavoca umzimba nomoya ongcono," wanezela. "Umthelela ongawuthola ngokusiza umuntu athole ubuthongo obuningi, ngicabanga, awudingi kahle."

Ukuhlinzwa komzimba

Ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngezinkinga ezivela kuhlobo 2 sikashukela, ngaphansi kwengxenye yesine yabaphenduli bocwaningo bazimisele ukubheka ukuhlinzwa komzimba njengendlela yokwelashwa. Uhhafu uthe uyingozi kakhulu.

Isimo sengqondo esinjalo siyaqhubeka ngaphandle kwezinzuzo ezibhalwe phansi zokuhlinzwa komzimba, okubizwa nangokuthi ukuhlinzekwa kwe-bariatric noma kwesisindo. Izinzuzo ezingaba khona zingadlulela ngaphezu kokulahlekelwa isisindo.

Isibonelo, cishe amaphesenti angama-60 abantu abane-type 2 yesifo sikashukela abathola uhlobo olulodwa lokuhlinzwa komzimba abafinyelela kuthethelelo, babike ucwaningo lwango-2014 ku-Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. “Ukuxolelwa” ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi ukuzila amazinga kashukela egazini kwehlela emazingeni ajwayelekile noma e-prediabetes ngaphandle kwemithi.

Esitatimendeni esihlanganyelwe esashicilelwa ngo-2016, iqembu lezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe zesifo sikashukela seluleke odokotela ukuthi bacabangele ukuhlinzwa komzimba njengendlela yokwelashwa kubantu abane-type 2 yesifo sikashukela abane-BMI engu-30.0 noma ngaphezulu futhi banenkinga yokulawula amazinga abo kashukela egazini. Kusukela lapho, i-American Diabetes Association yamukela isincomo emazingeni ayo okunakekelwa.

UDkt Hafida, eJoslin Diabetes Center, akamangali ukumelana nokuhlinzwa. "Ayisetshenziswanga futhi iyabekwa kakhulu," esho. Kodwa ngokubona kwakhe, “kuyindlela yokwelashwa ephumelela kunazo zonke esinayo.”

Ukufinyelela ukunakekelwa

Ochwepheshe bokunakekelwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili bangenza umehluko omkhulu kubantu abaphila nalesi simo - kodwa abaningi abafinyeleli ezinsizakalweni zabo.

Phakathi kwabahlanganyeli bocwaningo lweHealthline, amaphesenti angama-64 athi awakaze abone isazi se-endocrinologist. Abangaphezu kwesigamu bathi abakaze babone isazi sokudla noma isazi sokudla, esingabasiza ukuthi balungise indlela abadla ngayo. Futhi ngu-1 kuphela kwabangu-10 obike ukuthi wabona umelaphi noma umeluleki izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezintathu ngonyaka - noma ngabe ikota yabahlanganyeli ithe batholwe ukuthi banokudangala noma ukukhathazeka.

Uhlobo lwe-2 sikashukela yisifo esihlobene nohlelo lwe-endocrine, noma ama-hormone omzimba nezindlala. Ngokusho kukaDkt Saleh Aldasouqi, isazi se-endocrinologist esiyinhloko eMichigan State University, udokotela onakekela ngokuyinhloko angakwazi ukuphatha ukwelashwa kwamacala "angenzima", inqobo nje uma befundiswe kahle ngalesi simo. Kepha uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 enenkinga ngamazinga kashukela egazini, uma enezimpawu zezinkinga, noma uma ukwelashwa okuvamile kungasebenzi, kunconywa ukubona i-endocrinologist.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela womuntu angabathumela kumfundisi oqinisekisiwe wesifo sikashukela, noma i-CDE. Lolu hlobo lochwepheshe lunokuqeqeshwa okuthile ekufundiseni nasekusekeleni abantu abanesifo sikashukela.Odokotela bokunakekela okuyisisekelo, abahlengikazi, izazi zokudla, nabanye abahlinzeki bezempilo bonke bangaqeqesha babe ngama-CDE.

Njengoba izinhlobo eziningi zabahlinzeki zingaba ama-CDE, kungenzeka ukuthi uyibone unganakile. Kodwa ngokwazi kwabo, amaphesenti angama-63 abahlanganyeli bocwaningo bathi abakaze babonisane noyedwa.

Ngakho-ke, kungani abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 bengatholi ukunakwa okukhethekile?

Kwezinye izimo, umshwalense ngeke ukhokhele ukuvakashelwa ngongoti. Noma ongoti ngeke bamukele izinhlelo ezithile zomshuwalense.

UBrady uyibonile le nkinga eduze, esebenza njenge-CDE eReno, NV. “Nsuku zonke uzwa ukuthi,‘ abantu abasemkhakheni ozimele abawamukeli umshwalense wami, ”kusho yena,“ futhi ngokuya ngomshwalense wakho, bazokutshela, ‘asithathi ziguli ezintsha.’ ”

Ukushoda okubanzi kongoti be-endocrinologists nakho kuletha izithiyo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemakhaya.

Isizwe sine-1,500 embalwa ye-endocrinologists yabantu abadala kunalokho esikudingayo, ngokusho kocwaningo olulodwa luka-2014. Phakathi kwalabo abasebenza ngo-2012, amaphesenti angama-95 atholakala ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni. Ukufakwa okuhle kakhulu bekuse-Connecticut, eNew Jersey naseRhode Island. Okubi kakhulu kwakuseWyoming.

Njengoba kunikezwe ukungafani okunjalo, kunengqondo ukuthi ucwaningo lwethu luthole umehluko wesifunda. Abantu baseNyakatho-mpumalanga babenamathuba amaningi okubika ukuthi babona i-endocrinologist kaningi ngonyaka. Labo eNtshonalanga naseMidwest babengamathuba amancane okusho ukuthi bake bayibona.

Ngaphandle komzamo ohlangene wokubhekana nokushoda kodokotela be-endocrinologists, inkinga kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule.

Kungase kushaye abantu abadala abasebasha ikakhulukazi kanzima.

Njengoba okukodwa ku-The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology kuphawuliwe, umuntu omncane lapho etholwa ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2, kuba nomthelela omkhulu esikhathini sokuphila kwabo. Ngokwengxenye, lokho kungenxa yokuthi ukuguga okuncane kungaqala ezinkingeni zangaphambilini.

Ngenkathi abantu abasha abaningi abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili bengase bazuze ekunakekelweni ngochwepheshe, ucwaningo lwethu luthole ukuthi umuntu oyedwa kwabathathu abayizinkulungwane zeminyaka owelulekwe ukuthi abone udokotela we-endocrinologist unenkinga yokuwuthola.

Izindleko zokunakekelwa

Izindleko zezezimali zesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 ziyindaba ekhathaza kakhulu, kusho ucwaningo. Cishe amaphesenti angama-40 abaphenduli bakhathazeka ngamandla abo okuthola ukunakekelwa esikhathini esizayo. Mhlawumbe okukhathaza kakhulu, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabahlanu uthe izindleko kwesinye isikhathi ziye zabavimba ekulandeleni imiyalo yokwelashwa kodokotela babo.

Ngokombiko we-American Diabetes Association, izindleko ezweni lonke lohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 sikashukela - $ 327 billion ngo-2017 - zikhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-26 eminyakeni emihlanu. Inani lamuva lifike ku- $ 9,601 umuntu ngamunye onesifo sikashukela. Abantu abaningi abakwazi ukuthenga isabelo esiqinile sethebhu okufanele bayimboze.

Phakathi kwabahlanganyeli bocwaningo, cishe amaphesenti angama-30 athi anokutholakala komshuwalense okubashiya nezikweletu ezinkulu. Ukudla okunomsoco, ubulungu bejimu, kanye nezimpahla zokuzivocavoca kubiza imali. Vele kunjalo, kanjalo nokuvakashelwa kwezempilo nezindlela zokwelashwa - kubandakanya nemithi.

"Izindleko zemishanguzo yokulwa ne-hyperglycemic, ikakhulukazi i-insulin, isibe yisithiyo ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela," kubika ucwaningo lwango-2017 kwi-Current Diabetes Reports.

Njengabantu abaningi, uKinnaird uzwile ukulunywa yizindleko zemithi. Ezisebenza, bekufanele athenge umshuwalense omusha ngemuva kokuthi umshwalense wakhe wangaphambilini ekhiphe izingxoxo ze-Affordable Care Act. Ukushintshwa akuzange kube kuhle esikhwameni sakhe semali: ukunikezwa kwezinyanga ezintathu kwemithi obekubiza u- $ 80 manje kubiza ama- $ 2,450.

Kwesinye isikhathi, abantu abanesifo sikashukela bathatha imishanguzo emincane kunaleyo ebekiwe ukuze iqhubeke.

Lolu daba luthole ukunakwa ngemuva kokuthi insizwa enesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ishone ngonyaka odlule. Lapho u-Alec Raeshawn Smith esekhulile ngemishwalense yabazali bakhe, intengo ye-insulin yakhe yenyuka kakhulu. Waqala ukulinganisa amanani ukuze agcine. Kungakapheli nenyanga, wayeseshonile.

UCampaniello wenze isilinganiso esincane sakhe. Eminyakeni edlule, ukhumbula ekhokha u- $ 250 njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu ngohlobo olusha lwe-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside. Isidakamizwa samlethela amazinga e-A1C phansi kakhulu. Kodwa lapho udokotela wakhe ebuyekeza imiphumela yakhe yokuhlolwa, wasola ukuthi uCampaniello “wayedlala” nge-insulin yakhe.

"Ngathi, 'Hhayi-ke, uma ungitshela ukuthi ngiyayonga kwesinye isikhathi ngasekupheleni kwenyanga, ngoba angikwazi ukuyikhokhela," kukhumbula uCampaniello, "" uqinisile! "

Ukuqagela, ucwaningo lweHealthline luthole ukuthi abantu abahola kancane banamathuba amaningi okuthi babike ukukhathazeka ngezindleko zokunakekelwa kanye nokutholakala komshuwalense. Kwakunjalo nakulabo abasebhantini lesifo sikashukela.

Ucwaningo kubantu abaningi lubuye lwathola ukungafani ngokobuhlanga nangobuhlanga: phakathi kwabantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-65, amaphesenti ayi-17 amaSpanishi-aseMelika namaphesenti ayi-12 ama-Afrika-aseMelika ayengaqinisekisiwe ngo-2016, uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti ayi-8 abamhlophe baseMelika, kubika iKaiser Isisekelo Somndeni.

Lapho umuntu engakwazi ukukhokha ngaphezu kwamadola ambalwa ngenyanga, kunganciphisa izinketho zakhe zokwelashwa, kusho uJane Renfro, umhlengikazi osebenza ngokuzithandela emtholampilo wezempilo e-Falls Church, e-VA, kubantu abangaphansi kwabangenayo nabangenawo umshwalense.

“Kumele siqiniseke ukuthi imishanguzo esiyikhethayo yileyo ejwayelekile futhi enikezwa ngamanani aphansi kakhulu - isibonelo, ama- $ 4 ngenyanga, $ 10 kokuphakelwa kwezinyanga ezintathu,” kuchaza yena. "Lokho kunciphisa ububanzi bezindlela zokwelapha esingazinikeza."

Ucingo lokuvuka

Akekho umuntu okhetha ukuba nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela - kepha izinqumo ezithathwa ngabantu zingaba nomthelela ekutheni isifo siqhubeka kanjani. Kwabaningi kulabo uHealthline okwaxoxwa nabo, ukuxilongwa kwazwakala njengocingo lokuvusa okwabaphoqa ukuthi bayeke imikhuba enempilo. Phezu kwezingqinamba asebeke babhekana nazo, abaningi babika ukuthi bathathe izinyathelo ezinkulu zokuthuthukisa impilo yabo.

Ucwaningo lweHealthline luthole ukuthi amaphesenti angama-78 abike ukuthi adla kangcono ngenxa yokuxilongwa kwawo. Abangaphezu kwesigamu bathe bazilolonga ngokwengeziwe futhi mhlawumbe bancipha emzimbeni noma balawula isisindo sabo kangcono. Futhi ngenkathi abaningi bekuthola kunzima ukuhamba, cishe ikota kuphela bacabanga ukuthi kuningi kakhulu okufanele ngabe bakwenza ukuphatha impilo yabo.

UGretchen Becker, isazi samazwi ngemuva kwebhulogi iWildly Fluctuating nombhali we “The First Year: Type 2 Diabetes,” wabelane ngemicabango noHealthline ngokuthi ukuxilongwa kwamholela kanjani ekunamatheleni nezinguquko ayefuna ukuzenza:

“Njengabaningi baseMelika, bengilokhu ngizama ukwehlisa isisindo seminyaka iminyaka kodwa ngaphumelela, kepha kunokuthile obekulimaza imizamo yami: mhlawumbe iphathi enkulu enokuphathwa okulingayo noma isidlo sakusihlwa nje esinokudla okuningi. Ngemuva kokuxilongwa, ngazithatha ngokungathi sína izinto. Uma othile ethi, ‘oh, ukulunywa nje okuncane ngeke kukulimaze,’ bengingathi, ‘yebo kuzokulimaza.’ Ngakho ngancika ekudleni futhi ngehla cishe ngamaphawundi angama-30. ”

Uqhubeke wathi, "Ukube angizange ngithole isifo sikashukela, ngabe ngiqhubeka nokukhuluphala, futhi manje bengizobe ngingakhululekile. Nginesifo sikashukela, angikafiki nje kwi-BMI ejwayelekile, kepha indlela engidla ngayo empeleni iyangijabulisa kunalokho ebengikudla ngaphambili. ”

Dessify futhi ubonga ukuxilongwa ngokumphoqa ukuthi enze ushintsho empilweni yakhe.

Ngenkathi ekhulelwe indodana yakhe, kwatholakala ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Emasontweni ayisithupha ngemuva kokuzalwa kwakhe, amazinga kashukela egazini iDessify ahlala ephezulu.

Lapho ethola ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2, uDessify wazizwa enecala lokuthi lesi simo singase sifushanise kanjani impilo yakhe nesikhathi sakhe nendodana yakhe. "Bengingathembisi nokuthi ngizoba lapha isikhathi eside njengoba bengingaba naye," utshele iHealthline.

Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, waqala ukubona udokotela omusha futhi wamcela ukuthi athembeke kuye. Umtshele ukuthi ukukhetha azokukwenza ukuya phambili kuzocacisa ukuthi isimo sakhe sinzima kangakanani.

Dessify ushintshe indlela adla ngayo, wazijikijela ekuzivocavoca umzimba, futhi wehlisa isisindo esikhulu.

Njengomzali, uthe, inhloso yakhe enkulu kwakuwukuba yisibonelo esihle kunazo zonke angaba yindodana yakhe. "Ngibusiswe okungenani ngesimo esingikhahlele ngegiya lokufuna ukuba yisibonelo esihle."

Ukusiza ukuhlala emzileni, Dessify isebenzisa iwashi elihlakaniphile. Ngokwenhlolovo kaHealthline, lolu hlobo lwedivayisi yokuzivocavoca- kanye nokulandela umkhondo wokudla luthandwa kakhulu phakathi kweminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezinjengeDessify kunezizukulwane ezindala. Iminyaka Eyinkulungwane nayo inamathuba amaningi okuthi ibalule i-intanethi njengomthombo wolwazi oluhlobene nesifo sikashukela noma ukusekelwa komphakathi.

"Abantu abasebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ngokungaguquguquki, kufanele ngikutshele, babe nokufundwa okungcono kwe-A1C," kusho uBrady, echaza ezinye zezinzuzo zobuchwepheshe obusha.

Kodwa noma iyiphi indlela esiza abantu ukuthi bahlale emzileni ilungile, kusho uDkt Hafida. Noma ngabe incike kumadivayisi edijithali noma ipeni nephepha, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abantu bayanamathela kuyo futhi benze impilo yabo ibaluleke kakhulu esikhathini eside esizayo.

UKinnaird, njengabaningi bezingane zakhe ezincanyana kulolu cwaningo, uthole idrayivu yokwenza ushintsho olukhulu empilweni yakhe.

"Bengingenaso isisusa sokwenza lezo zinguquko ngaze ngathola ukuxilongwa," echaza. "Nganginomsebenzi onengcindezi enkulu, ngangihamba sonke isikhathi, ngangidla ukudla okuthathu ngosuku, izinsuku ezinhlanu ngesonto."

Uthe: “Kodwa kwathi nje lapho ngithola ukuxilongwa, kwabe sekungukuvuka.”

Ukubuyekezwa kwezokwelapha nokubonisana

U-Amy Tenderich uyintatheli nommeli owasungula insiza ehamba phambili eku-inthanethi iDiabetesMine.com ngemuva kokuxilongwa ngo-2003 enohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Isayithi manje seliyingxenye ye-Healthline Media, lapho u-Amy esebenza njengoMqondisi Wokuhlela, Isifo Sikashukela Nokugqugquzela Iziguli. U-Amy ungumbhali ngokubambisana we "Yazi Izinombolo Zakho, Uphile Isifo Sikashukela Sakho," umhlahlandlela oshukumisayo wesifo sikashukela ukuzinakekela. Wenze amaphrojekthi ocwaningo aqhakambisa izidingo zesiguli, imiphumela ishicilelwe kwi-Diabetes Spectrum, i-American Journal of Managed Care, kanye neJenali Yesifo Sikashukela Nobuchwepheshe.

USusan Weiner, i-MS, i-RDN, i-CDE, i-FAADE isikhulumi nomlobi owine umklomelo. Usebenze njengo-2015 AADE Diabetes Educator of the Year futhi wathola i-2018 Media Excellence Award evela eNew York State Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. USusan uphinde waba ngumamukeli we-Dare to Dream Award ngo-2016 ovela eDiabetes Research Institute Foundation. Ungumbhali-mbhali we-The Complete Diabetes Organiser kanye ne- “Diabetes: 365 Tips for Living Well.” USusan uthole iziqu ze-master yakhe ku-Applied Physiology and Nutrition e-Columbia University.

UDkt Marina Basina ungudokotela we-endocrinologist onguchwepheshe besifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 no-2, ubuchwepheshe besifo sikashukela, amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid nomdlavuza wegilo. Uthole iziqu zakhe e-Second Moscow Medical University ngo-1987 futhi waqedela ubudlelwano be-endocrinology eStanford University ngo-2003. UDkt Basina njengamanje unguprofesa osebenzisana nomtholampilo eStanford University School of Medicine. Ubuye ebhodini lokweluleka ngezokwelapha iCarb DM neBeyond Type 1, futhi ungumqondisi wezokwelapha wesifo sikashukela esingalalisiwe esibhedlela iStanford.

Abahlanganyeli bokuhlela nocwaningo

UJenna Flannigan, umhleli omkhulu
UHeather Cruickshank, umhleli ohambisanayo
UKarin Klein, umbhali
UNelson Silva, umqondisi, ezokumaketha isayensi
UMindy Richards, PhD, umxhumanisi wocwaningo
USteve Barry, umhleli wamakhophi
ULeah Snyder, umdwebo wezithombe
UDavid Bahia, ukukhiqizwa
UDana K. Cassell, hlola iqiniso