Ingabe Isikhunta Uzipho noma iMelanoma?

-Delile

• Mayelana ne-melanoma engaphansi
• Ukuhlonza i-subungual melanoma vs. fungus
• Ukuhlonza i-melanoma engaphansi
• Ukuhlonza uzwela ukhunta
• Yini ebangela i-subungual melanoma ne-nail fungus
• Izimbangela ze-melanoma engaphansi
• Izimbangela ze-nail fungus
• Ukubonana nodokotela nini
• I-subungual melanoma kanye ne-nail fungus ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa
• Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwe-nail fungus
• Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwe-subungual melanoma
• Ukuthatha

I-melanoma ye-Toenail elinye igama le-subungual melanoma. Kuyindlela engajwayelekile yomdlavuza wesikhumba okhula ngaphansi kocikicane noma uzipho. I-Subungual isho ukuthi “ngaphansi kwepikili.”

Uzwela ukhunta yisimo esivame kakhulu esivela ekukhuleni kwesikhunta ngaphakathi, ngaphansi, noma esikhonkwaneni.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde kabanzi nge-subungual melanoma, kufaka phakathi nokuthi ungayisho kanjani ngaphandle kwefungus uzipho, kanye nezimpawu, izimbangela, nokwelashwa kwakho kokubili.

Mayelana ne-melanoma engaphansi

I-Melanoma uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba. I-melungoma engaphansi kwe-subungual ayivamile. Ibala kuphela wonke ama-melanoma amabi emhlabeni jikelele. Lolu hlobo lwe-melanoma lwenzeka kuzo zonke izinhlanga, ngamaphesenti angama-30 kuye kwangama-40 amacala avela kubantu abangewona abamhlophe.

I-subungual melanoma ayivamile, kodwa iyabulala uma ingalashwa. Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu ngokwelapha i-subungual melanoma ukuyithola ngokushesha nangendlela efanele.

Ngokuvamile kunzima ukuxilonga ngoba lolu hlobo lomdlavuza luvame ukuba nomugqa omnyama onsundu noma omnyama esikhonkwaneni ofana nokubukeka kwezinye izimbangela ezinobungozi. Lezi zimbangela zibandakanya:

• ukulimala esikhonkwaneni ngegazi ngaphansi kwesipikili
• izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane
• izifo zokukhunta

Kukhona, noma kunjalo, izimpawu okufanele uzibheke ezingenza ukuxilongwa kube lula kudokotela wakho.

Ukuhlonza i-subungual melanoma vs. fungus

Ukuhlonza i-melanoma engaphansi

Ukuxilongwa kwe-subungual melanoma akuvamile futhi kunzima ukunquma. Nazi ezinye izimpawu zokuxwayisa okufanele uzibheke:

• amabhande ansundu noma amnyama ombala akhula ngosayizi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• shintsha ku-pigment yesikhumba (mnyama kuzungeze isipikili esithintekile)
• ukuhlukanisa isipikili noma isipikili esopha
• amanzi (ubomvu) nobuhlungu
• ukuphulukiswa kokubambezeleka kwezilonda zezipikili noma ukuhlukumezeka
• ukuhlukaniswa kwepikili embhedeni wezipikili
• ukuwohloka kwesipikili (i-nail dystrophy)

Ukuhlonza uzwela ukhunta

Uma une-nail fungus, ezinye zezimpawu ezahlukanisa ne-melanoma zifaka:

• umbhede wesipikili oqinile
• umbala omhlophe, ophuzi, noma oluhlaza okotshani

Yini ebangela i-subungual melanoma ne-nail fungus

Izimbangela ze-melanoma engaphansi

Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo ze-melanoma, i-subungual melanoma ayibonakali ihlobene nokuchayeka ngokweqile kwemisebe yelanga ye-UV. Esikhundleni salokho, ezinye zezimbangela nezingozi zokuba nalo mdlavuza zifaka:

• umlando womndeni we-melanoma
• ukuguga (ingozi eyengeziwe ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-50)

Izimbangela ze-nail fungus

Ngokutheleleka kwe-nail fungal, imbangela enkulu imvamisa

• isikhunta
• i-dermatophyte (uhlobo olujwayelekile lwefungus olubizwa ukuthi lungathathwa kalula ngezandla zakho noma izinyawo)

Ukuziphatha okuthile nezimo esezikhona ezingathinta ubungozi bakho bokhunta lwe-nail zifaka:

• ukuguga
• ukujuluka
• unyawo lomsubathi
• ehamba engafake zicathulo
• isifo sikashukela

Ukubonana nodokotela nini

Kukhona ukugqagqana okuningi phakathi kwe-nail fungus nomdlavuza we-nail. Njengoba kulula ukwenza iphutha lomdlavuza wesipikili wokutheleleka ngefungal, kufanele ubone udokotela ngokushesha ukuthola ukuxilongwa okucacile.

Bona udokotela ngokushesha uma usola ukuthi unezikhunta uzipho noma i-subungual melanoma.

Njengoba isibikezelo se-subungual melanoma siba sibi kakhulu kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuxilonga, kungcono ukuthi uphephe futhi uthole noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingahle zihlolwe futhi zisuswe ngokushesha lapho zivela.

Ukutheleleka kwefungal akubhekwa njengokubeka impilo engozini, kodwa izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu ye-subungual melanoma lingahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi umdlavuza utholakala kanjani ekuqaleni. Ngokusho kweCanada Dermatology Association, amathuba okululama angahluka noma yikuphi.

Uma ulinda isikhathi eside ukuthola ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa, kunengozi yokuba umdlavuza usabalale ezithweni zomzimba nakuma-lymph node.

I-subungual melanoma kanye ne-nail fungus ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa

Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwe-nail fungus

Uma une-nail fungus, ukwelashwa kuqondile. Udokotela wakho uzovame ukuncoma:

• uthatha imishanguzo, njenge-itraconazole (Sporanox) noma i-terbinafine (Lamisil)
• usebenzisa ukhilimu wesikhumba wokubola
• ukugeza izandla nezinyawo njalo futhi uzigcine zomile

Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwe-subungual melanoma

Ukuhlonza nokwelapha i-subungual melanoma kuhileleke kakhulu.

Lapho nje udokotela wakho enza ukuhlolwa kokuqala futhi enquma ukuthi ungahle ube ne-subungual melanoma, bavame ukuphakamisa i-nail biopsy.

I-nail biopsy iyithuluzi eliyinhloko lokuxilonga elitholakalayo lokwenza ukuxilongwa okucacile. Udokotela wesikhumba noma uchwepheshe wezinzipho uzosusa ezinye noma zonke izipikili ukuze zihlolwe.

Uma kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza, kuya ngobukhulu nokuthi utholakale ngokushesha kangakanani, ukwelashwa kungafaka:

• ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isipikili esithintekile
• ukunqunywa kwamafindo omunwe noma ozwane
• ukunqunywa wonke umunwe noma uzwane
• ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• ukwelashwa ngemisebe
• i-immunotherapy

Ukuthatha

Ama-melanomas angaphansi kwe-subungual kunzima ukuwaxilonga ngoba ayivelakancane futhi angavela ngokufana nezinye izinhlupheko ezivamile zesipikili, njengokutheleleka kwamafungal kanye namagciwane.

Uma une-fungal infection kodwa futhi ukhombisa izimpawu ezingaba khona ze-subungual melanoma, bheka udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Njengoba ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ekubikezeleni okuhle, kubalulekile ukuthi usebenze ngokuhlola izinzipho zakho nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ze-melanoma. Unganqikazi ukubona udokotela uma ucabanga ukuthi ungahle ube ne-toenail fungus noma i-subungual melanoma.