Injani ukwelashwa kwe-coronavirus (COVID-19)

-Delile

• Ukwelashwa ezimweni ezinzima
• Ukunakekelwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa
• Ukwelashwa ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu
• Okufanele ukwenze uma izimpawu ziqhubeka ngemuva kokwelashwa
• Uzoya nini esibhedlela
• Ngabe umuthi wokugoma i-COVID-19 uyasiza ekwelashweni?
• Kungenzeka yini ukuthola i-COVID-19 ngaphezu kokukodwa?

Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka kwe-coronavirus (i-COVID-19) kuyahluka ngokuya ngamandla wezimpawu.Ezimweni ezimnene kakhulu, lapho kuba khona umkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-38ºC, ukukhwehlela okukhulu, ukulahleka kwephunga nokunambitha noma ubuhlungu bemisipha, ukwelashwa kungenziwa ekhaya ngokuphumula nokusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile ukuqeda izimpawu.

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, lapho kunzima khona ukuphefumula, ukuzwa ukuphefumula nobuhlungu besifuba, ukwelashwa kudinga ukwenziwa ngenkathi usesibhedlela, ngoba kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo, ngaphezu kwesidingo ukufaka imishanguzo ngqo emthanjeni kanye / noma ukusebenzisa imishini yokuphefumula ukwenza lula ukuphefumula.

Ngokwesilinganiso, isikhathi esithathayo ukuthi umuntu kubhekwe ukuthi welaphiwe yizinsuku eziyi-14 kuye kumaviki ayisithupha, kuyahluka kuye ngecala. Qonda kangcono lapho i-COVID-19 yelapha futhi icacisa okunye ukungabaza okuvamile.

Ukwelashwa ezimweni ezinzima

Ezimweni ezinzima ze-COVID-19, ukwelashwa kungenziwa ekhaya ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha. Imvamisa ukwelashwa kubandakanya ukuphumula ukusiza umzimba ukuthi ubuye, kepha kungafaka nokusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile ebekwe ngudokotela, njenge-antipyretics, relieges pain or anti-inflammatories, okusiza ukunciphisa umkhuhlane, ikhanda nokugula kube yinto ejwayelekile. Bona okuningi ngamakhambi asetshenziselwa i-coronavirus.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukugcina i-hydration enhle, ukuphuza okungenani amalitha ama-2 wamanzi ngosuku, ngoba ukuphuza iziphuzo kuvumela ukugwema ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, ngaphezu kokusebenzisa ukusebenza kahle kwamasosha omzimba.

Ukudla ukudla okunempilo, ukutshala imali ekudleni ukudla okunothe ngamaprotheni, njengenyama, inhlanzi, amaqanda noma imikhiqizo yobisi, kanye nezithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu nezilimo eziyizigaxa nakho kuyanconywa, ngoba kusiza ukugcina umzimba uphilile namasosha omzimba kuqiniswe ngokwengeziwe. Uma kwenzeka ukhwehlela, ukudla okushisa kakhulu noma okubandayo kufanele kugwenywe.

Ukunakekelwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa

Ngokungeziwe ekwelashweni, ngesikhathi sokutheleleka kwe-COVID-19 kubalulekile ukuthi unakekele ukuthi lingadluliseli igciwane kwabanye abantu, njenge:

• Gqoka imaski elungiswe kahle ebusweni ukuvala ikhala nomlomo futhi uvikele amaconsi ekukhwehleleni noma ekuthimuleni ekuphonsweni emoyeni;
• Ukugcina ibanga lomphakathi, njengoba lokhu kuvumela ukunciphisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukwangana, ukuqabulana kanye neminye imikhonzo esondele. Okufanelekile, umuntu onegciwane kufanele agcinwe yedwa egumbini lokulala noma kwelinye igumbi endlini.
• Vala umlomo wakho lapho ukhwehlela noma uthimula, kusetshenziswa iduku elilahlwayo, okufanele liphonswe kudoti, noma ingxenye engaphakathi yendololwane;
• Gwema ukuthinta ubuso noma imaski ngezandla zakho, futhi esimweni sokuthinta kunconywa ukuba ugeze izandla zakho ngokushesha ngemuva kwalokho;
• Geza izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi njalo okungenani amasekhondi angama-20 noma faka amagciwane ezandleni zakho nge-70% ijeli yotshwala imizuzwana engama-20;
• Igciwane ifoni yakho njalo, usebenzisa ama-wipe ngotshwala obuyi-70% noma ngendwangu ye-microfiber emanziswe i-70% yotshwala;
• Gwema ukwabelana ngezinto okufana nokusika, izingilazi, amathawula, amashidi, insipho noma ezinye izinto zokuhlanzeka komuntu siqu;
• Hlanza futhi ubeke umoya emakamelweni asendlini ukuvumela ukusakazwa komoya;
• Geza izibambo zeminyango nazo zonke izinto ezabiwe nabanye, njengefenisha, ukusebenzisa i-70% yotshwala noma inhlanganisela yamanzi ne-bleach;
• Hlanza futhi ubulale amagciwane endlini yangasese ngemuva kokuyisebenzisa, ikakhulukazi uma isetshenziswa abanye. Uma ukupheka kunesidingo, ukusetshenziswa kwesifihla-buso sokuzivikela kunconywa
• Faka yonke imfucuza ekhiqizwayo kuplastiki ohlukile, ukuze ukunakekelwa okufanele kuthathwe lapho kulahlwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyalulekwa futhi ukuwasha zonke izingubo ezisetshenzisiwe, okungenani ezingama-60º imizuzu engama-30, noma phakathi kuka-80-90ºC, imizuzu eyi-10. Uma ukugeza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kungenzeki, kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe umkhiqizo wokubulala amagciwane ofanele ukuwashwa.

Bona ezinye izindlela zokuvikela ukugwema ukudluliswa kwe-COVID-19 ekhaya nasemsebenzini.

Ukwelashwa ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu

Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu ze-COVID-19, ukwelashwa okufanelekile kungadingeka ngoba ukutheleleka kungadlulela kwi-pneumonia enamandla ngokuhluleka okuphefumulayo noma izinso zingayeka ukusebenza, zibeke impilo engcupheni.

Le ndlela yokwelashwa idinga ukwenziwa ngokungena esibhedlela, ukuze umuntu athole umoya-mpilo futhi enze nemithi ngqo emthanjeni. Uma kwenzeka kuba nobunzima obukhulu ekuphefumuleni noma uma ukuphefumula kuqala ukwehluleka, kungenzeka ukuthi lowo muntu adluliselwe e-Intensive Care Unit (ICU), ukuze imishini ethile, efana nomshini wokuphefumula, isetshenziswe futhi ukuze kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu ugadiwe eduze.

Okufanele ukwenze uma izimpawu ziqhubeka ngemuva kokwelashwa

Ngokwe-World Health Organisation, abantu abahlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, ukukhwehlela nokuphefumula kanzima, noma ngabe sebelashiwe futhi kubhekwe ukuthi sebephulukisiwe, kufanele njalo babheke amazinga e-oxygen ekhaya, basebenzise i-pulse oximeter. Lawa mavelu kufanele abikwe kudokotela obhekele ukuqapha icala. Bona ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-oximeter ukuqapha amazinga e-oxygen ekhaya.

Ezigulini ezihlala zisesibhedlela, ngisho nangemva kokubhekwa njengokwelashwa, i-WHO incoma ukusetshenziswa komthamo ophansi wama-anticoagulants ukuvimbela ukuvela kwamahlule, okungadala i-thrombosis kweminye imithambo yegazi.

Uzoya nini esibhedlela

Ezimweni zokutheleleka okuncane, kunconywa ukuthi ubuyele esibhedlela uma izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu, uma kwenzeka ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula okuncane noma uma umkhuhlane uhlala ngaphezu kwama-38ºC amahora angaphezu kwama-48, noma uma ungehli ngokusetshenziswa yemithi ekhonjisiwe. ngudokotela.

Ngabe umuthi wokugoma i-COVID-19 uyasiza ekwelashweni?

Inhloso enkulu yomuthi wokugomela i-COVID-19 ukuvikela ukuqala kokutheleleka. Kodwa-ke, ukuphathwa komuthi wokugoma kubonakala kunciphisa ubucayi bokutheleleka noma ngabe umuntu uthelelekile. Funda kabanzi ngemithi yokugoma emelene ne-COVID-19.

Thola kabanzi mayelana nokugonywa kwe-COVID-19 kule vidiyo elandelayo, lapho uDkt Esper Kallas, izifo ezithathelwanayo kanye noProfesa ogcwele woMnyango Wezifo Ezithathelwanayo Nezifo Ezisakazwayo e-FMUSP ecacisa ukungabaza okuyinhloko maqondana nokugoma:

Kungenzeka yini ukuthola i-COVID-19 ngaphezu kokukodwa?

Kunezimo ezibikiwe zabantu abathathe i-COVID-19 ngaphezu kokukodwa, okubonakala kuqinisekisa ukuthi le hypothesis kungenzeka. Kodwa-ke, iCDC ^[1] ibuye ithi umzimba ukhiqiza amasosha omzimba akwaziyo ukukhiqiza ukuzivikela kwemvelo emelene naleli gciwane, okubonakala lihlala lisebenza okungenani izinsuku ezingama-90 zokuqala ngemuva kokutheleleka kokuqala.

Noma kunjalo, kunconywa ukuthi zonke izindlela zokuvikela zingagcinwa, ngaphambi, ngesikhathi noma ngemuva kokutheleleka kwe-COVID-19, njengokugqoka imaski, ukugcina ibanga lomphakathi nokugeza izandla njalo.