Ukwelashwa Kwe-Osteoarthritis of the Knee: Yini Okusebenzayo?

-Delile

• 1. Gcina isisindo esinempilo
• 2. Vocavoca umzimba njalo
• 3. Imithi yokudambisa izinhlungu
• 4. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
• 5. Ama-steroid anomjovo
• 6. Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-arthroscopic
• I-osteotomy
• Inani lokushintshwa kwedolo
• Izizathu ezi-5 Zokucabangela Ukuhlinzwa Kokushintshwa Kamadolo
• Umbono: Kwenzekani ngokulandelayo?

I-Osteoarthritis (OA) uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-arthritis. I-OA yamadolo yenzeka lapho uqwanga - umqamelo ophakathi kwamalunga amadolo - wehla. Lokhu kungadala ubuhlungu, ukuqina, nokuvuvukala.

Alikho ikhambi le-OA lamadolo, kepha ukwelashwa kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukungakhululeki futhi kunciphise umonakalo. Kungathuthukisa nekhwalithi yakho yempilo futhi kukusize uhambisane kangcono nemisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.

Izinketho zakho zokwelashwa zizoya ngezidingo zakho. Lokhu kufaka umlando wakho wezokwelapha, izinga lobuhlungu, kanye nomthelela we-OA empilweni yakho yansuku zonke.

Ukwelashwa imvamisa kufaka inhlanganisela yezindlela zokwelashwa nokukhethwa kwendlela yokuphila. Ochwepheshe abavela e-American College of Rheumatology kanye ne-Arthritis Foundation (ACR / AF) bakhipha imihlahlandlela yokuthi yiziphi izinketho ezingasiza kakhulu - kepha qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokwenza ushintsho, olukhulu noma oluncane kuhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.

1. Gcina isisindo esinempilo

Uma ukhuluphele njengamanje, ukulahlekelwa ngisho namakhilogremu ambalwa kusiza nge-OA. Ukwehla kwesisindo kunganciphisa ubunzima emajoyintini akho futhi, ngokwenza njalo, kusiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu.

Ukwehla kwesisindo kungasiza futhi ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala kanye nobungozi bezinye izindaba zezempilo, ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, nesifo senhliziyo.

Uma une-OA emadolweni futhi ubhekwa njengokhuluphele ngokweqile noma ukhuluphele, kungenzeka udokotela wakho asikisele ngokuza necebo lokukusiza wehlise isisindo.

Funda kabanzi ngokuthi kungani ukuphathwa kwesisindo kubalulekile nokuthi hlobo luni lokudla olungakusiza ukuphatha kangcono i-OA yamadolo.

2. Vocavoca umzimba njalo

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kubalulekile uma une-OA yamadolo. Kungakusiza:

• phatha isisindo sakho
• yakha amandla emisipha ukuxhasa ukuhlangana kwamadolo akho
• hlala umakhalekhukhwini
• ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka

Imisebenzi efanelekile ifaka phakathi ukuvivinya umzimba okunomthelela ophansi, kufaka phakathi:

• ukuhamba ngebhayisikili
• ukuhamba
• ukubhukuda noma enye i-aerobics yamanzi
• tai chi
• i-yoga
• ukuzilolonga, ukuqinisa, nokulinganisa umzimba

Ukuhamba ngebhayisikili elimile nakho kungasiza ekugcineni amandla kuma-quadriceps nakumaqembu emisipha yomsipha ngaphandle kokufaka ingcindezi kumajoyinti akho amadolo. Usebenzisa le misipha, ngaphambili nangemuva kwamathanga akho, lapho usukuma endaweni yokuhlala. Zisiza nasekuqiniseni idolo.

Udokotela noma owelapha ngokomzimba angakusiza ukuthi ulungiselele uhlelo olufanele.

Ochwepheshe baphakamisa ukuthi usebenze nomqeqeshi noma uzivocavoca nabanye abantu ukukusiza uhlale ukhuthazekile. Kungaba lula njengokumema umngani, umakhelwane, noma ilungu lomndeni ukuthi likujoyine ekuhambeni kwansuku zonke. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuzivocavoca kube umcimbi wokuzijabulisa kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba.

3. Imithi yokudambisa izinhlungu

Ngaphezulu kwe-counter (i-OTC) nemithi kadokotela kungasiza ekudambiseni ubuhlungu nezinye izimpawu ezihambisana ne-OA yamadolo.

Ezinye izinketho ze-OTC ezingakusiza ukuphatha ubuhlungu obuncane nokungaphatheki kahle kufaka:

• izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID), njenge-ibuprofen (Advil noma iMotrin)
• i-acetaminophen (iTylenol), uma ungakwazi ukubekezelela ama-NSAID
• amalungiselelo ezihloko aqukethe ama-NSAID noma i-capsaicin

Uma amakhambi e-OTC engasebenzi, udokotela wakho angakuyala:

• i-duloxetine (iCymbalta)
• bhabha

I-Tramadol isidakamizwa se-opioid. I-ACR / AF ayincomi ukusebenzisa imishanguzo yama-opioid, ngoba kunengozi yokuthola ukuncika. Kodwa-ke, uma eminye imithi ingasebenzi, udokotela angagcina enikeze i-opioid.

4. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha

Ngaphezu kokuzivocavoca kanye nemithi yokwelashwa, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezingezona ezokwelapha zingakusiza ukuphatha kangcono i-OA yamadolo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• imisebenzi yokuphathwa kwengcindezi, efana ne-yoga ne-tai chi
• ukutshopa
• amaphakethe okushisa namakhaza okudambisa izinhlungu nokuvuvukala
• ukwelashwa emsebenzini, okungafundisa izindlela ezintsha zokuphatha imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo, okungakusiza ukuphatha izinhlungu, ukungakhululeki, kanye nengcindezi yokuphila nesimo esingelapheki

I-ACR / AF ayincomi ukubhucungwa, ukwelashwa okwenziwa ngesandla, noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-transcutaneous stimulation (TENS) ye-OA yamadolo. Ucwaningo alukhombisanga ukuthi lezi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zinenzuzo. Lokho kusho ukuthi ukubhucungwa umzimba kungaba nezinzuzo ezingaphezu kwalezo ezihlobene ngqo nokungaphatheki kahle kwe-OA, kufaka phakathi ukunciphisa izinga lokucindezeleka.

Abanye abantu basebenzisa i-colchicine, uwoyela wezinhlanzi, noma uvithamini D we-OA, kepha ochwepheshe abazincomi nalokho, njengoba bengakhombisanga izinzuzo ezifundweni zesayensi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-colchicine ingaba nemiphumela emibi efana nohudo nokuhlanza.

I-ACR / AF yeluleka abantu ukuthi bagweme imishanguzo efana ne-glucosamine, i-chondroitin sulfate, i-hydroxychloroquine, imijovo ye-Botox, kanye nemijovo ye-hyaluronic acid, ngoba abukho ubufakazi obanele bokuthi baphephile noma bayasebenza.

5. Ama-steroid anomjovo

Ngobuhlungu obukhulu nokuvuvukala, udokotela angajova i-glucocorticoids noma i-corticosteroids ngqo kujoyini.

Lokhu kunganikeza usizo lwesikhashana, kepha alunikezi usizo. Imijovo ejwayelekile ye-steroid nayo ingaholela emiphumeleni emibi, ngakho-ke udokotela uvame ukukhawulela lezi zindlela zokwelapha.

6. Ukuhlinzwa

Uma ubuhlungu bamalunga buba bukhulu, futhi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasizi, udokotela angancoma ukuhlinzwa. Kunezinketho zokuhlinza ezahlukahlukene zokwelapha i-OA yamadolo.

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-arthroscopic

Le yinqubo ehlasela kancane lapho udokotela ohlinzayo esebenzisa i-arthroscope, uhlobo lwekhamera, ukubuka ingaphakathi ledolo.

Ngenkathi benza kanjalo, bangabuye balungise ukulimala noma bahlanze imfucumfucu, njengezicucu zamathambo, ezivela ejoyinini ukugcina kangcono izicubu ezihlangene ezinempilo.

Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu, futhi kuyahlasela kancane kunokuhlinzwa okuphelele kwamadolo. Kodwa-ke, uma une-OA yamadolo, usengathola ukuthi uzodinga ukushintshwa kwamadolo ngokuphelele ngokuzayo.

I-osteotomy

Ngokusho kwe-American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS), i-osteotomy ingasiza uma une-OA yokuqala yamadolo ethinta ithambo ohlangothini olulodwa lwelungu.

Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo uzosika futhi abumbe kabusha ithambo. Lokhu kuzosusa ingcindezi engxenyeni elimele futhi kulungise ukuqondaniswa kwamathambo.

Kungafaneleka uma:

• ziyasebenza, zingaphansi kweminyaka engama-60, futhi azikhuluphele ngokweqile
• ube nobuhlungu ohlangothini olulodwa nje lwamadolo
• une-OA ikakhulu ngenxa yomsebenzi noma ukuma isikhathi eside

Lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa lungasiza ukumisa noma ukubambezela ukuqhubeka komonakalo ohlangene.

Inani lokushintshwa kwedolo

Ekushintsheni ngokuphelele kwamadolo, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa izicubu namathambo abonakele bese efaka ukuhlangana kwamadolo ngenhlanganisela yokufakelwa.

Bangakwenza lokhu ngokuhlinzwa okuvulekile noma okuncane okungahlaseli. Izici ezinjengezinga lomsebenzi kanye nempilo ephelele yalowo nalowo muntu zisiza odokotela ukuthi banqume ukuthi ngabe le kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlinza.

Izizathu ezi-5 Zokucabangela Ukuhlinzwa Kokushintshwa Kamadolo

Umbono: Kwenzekani ngokulandelayo?

Uma i-OA idala ubuhlungu nokuqina emadolweni, isinyathelo sokuqala ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi akusize uqhamuke nohlelo lokwelashwa olwenzelwe wena uqobo. Ukungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokunqanda ukulimala kwamalunga ekubeni kubi - futhi kube buhlungu ngokwengeziwe - ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Buza udokotela wakho ngezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuzivocavoca nemithi. Kuyasiza futhi ukuxoxa ukuthi ngabe uhlelo lokwehlisa isisindo lukufanele yini. Lokhu, kanye nolunye ushintsho lwendlela yokuphila, imvamisa kungahlehlisa isidingo sokuhlinzwa iminyaka eminingana.

Ngokuthola ukwelashwa okulungile, ungathola ukukhululeka okudingayo ukuze uphathe kangcono izimpawu zakho futhi uhlale usebenza.