Isifo sofuba emathunjini: kuyini, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Idluliselwa kanjani
• Yelashwa kanjani

Isifo sofuba emathunjini ukutheleleka kwamathumbu yi-bacillus yesifo sofuba, engadluliselwa ngamaconsi wamathe avela kubantu abanalesi sifo, noma ngokudla nokuphuza inyama noma ubisi oluvela ezilwaneni ezinesifo, kuyaqabukela.

Lokhu kutheleleka kuvame kakhulu kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka kakhulu, njengabantu abane-AIDS, ngokwesibonelo, futhi kuvame ukwenzeka lapho umuntu enesifo sofuba samaphaphu futhi egwinya uketshezi nge-bacillus. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo nesifo sofuba samaphaphu, ngemithi elwa namagciwane izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezi-9.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Isifo sofuba emathunjini sidala izimpawu esiswini nasemathunjini, eziqala ukuba mnene futhi zibe zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Okuyinhloko yilezi:

• Ubuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo;
• Uhudo;
• Ukopha esitokisini;
• Ukuvuvukala noma ubukhona besigaxa esithambile esiswini;
• Umkhuhlane ophansi;
• Ukuntula ukudla nokuncipha;
• Ukujuluka ebusuku.

Lezi zimpawu zidalwa izilonda ezibangwa yilesi sifo odongeni lwamathumbu, ezicishe zifane nalezo ezidalwa yisifo noma umdlavuza kaCrohn, ngakho-ke kungaba nzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwalezi zifo.

Idluliselwa kanjani

Isikhathi esiningi, i-bacillus ebanga isifo sofuba idluliswa yimfihlo yokuphefumula esemoyeni, ibangele ukutheleleka emaphashini. Kodwa-ke, ingafinyelela emathunjini lapho umuntu onesifo sofuba samaphaphu egwinya uketshezi lwakhe, noma lapho edla inyama yenkomo engavuthiwe noma ubisi olungcoliswe yisifo sofuba sezinkomo, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka kakhulu, njengabantu abanengculaza noma abasebenzisa izidakamizwa zokuzivikela, ngoba isibonelo.

Ukuqinisekisa ukutheleleka nokuthola lesi sifo, kwenziwa i-colonoscopy nge-biopsy yezilonda, ezithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze zihlolwe ukuze kutholakale i-bacillus yesifo sofuba.

Yelashwa kanjani

Isifo sofuba samathumbu siyelapheka, kanti ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo nakwisifo sofuba samaphaphu, ngemithi elwa namagciwane elandelayo, ebekwe ngudokotela wezifo:

• Isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide ne-ethambutol, kuthebhulethi, izinyanga ezimbili;
• Ngemuva kwalokho, i-isoniazid, i-rifampicin izinyanga ezi-4 kuya kwezi-7.

Kubantu abangaqali ukwelashwa maduzane, ukutheleleka kungafinyelela ezingxenyeni ezijulile zamathumbu, kufinyelele kwezinye izitho zesisu nokujikeleza kwegazi, okungadala ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu, ukopha kanye ne-fistula, okungadala nengozi yokufa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kubalulekile ukugwema ukuphuza iziphuzo ezidakayo nokuthi udle ukudla okunomsoco, ocebile ngezithelo, imifino nemifino, ukusiza umzimba ekulweni nalesi sifo. Bheka amathiphu okudla ukuze uqinise amasosha omzimba.