Uveitis

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu ze-uveitis?
• Izithombe ze-uveitis
• Yini ebangela i-uveitis?
• Kutholakala kanjani i-uveitis?
• Izinhlobo ze-uveitis
• I-Anterior uveitis (ngaphambili kweso)
• I-uveitis ephakathi (phakathi kweso)
• I-posterior uveitis (emuva kweso)
• I-pan-uveitis (zonke izingxenye zeso)
• Iphathwa kanjani i-uveitis?
• Izinkinga ezingaba khona ezivela ku-uveitis
• Ukubuyiselwa emuva nangemuva kokwelapha
• Kungavinjelwa kanjani i-uveitis?

Yini i-uveitis?

I-Uveitis ukuvuvukala koqweqwe oluphakathi lweso, olubizwa ngokuthi yi-uvea. Kungenzeka ngezimbangela zombili ezithathelwanayo nezingathathelani. I-uvea inikeza igazi ku-retina. I-retina yingxenye yeso ezwela ukukhanya ebheka izithombe ozibonayo bese izithumela ebuchosheni. Imvamisa ibomvu ngenxa yegazi layo elivela ku-uvea.

I-Uveitis ngokuvamile ayibi yimbi. Amacala abucayi angadala ukulahleka kombono uma ungelashwa kusenesikhathi.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-uveitis?

Lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo zingavela ngamehlo noma womabili:

• ububomvu obunzima esweni
• ubuhlungu
• izindawo ezintantayo ezimnyama kumbono wakho, obizwa ngokuthi ama-floaters
• ukuzwela ukukhanya
• ukungaboni kahle

Izithombe ze-uveitis

Yini ebangela i-uveitis?

Imbangela ye-uveitis ivame ukungaziwa futhi ivame ukwenzeka kubantu abaphile kahle. Ngezinye izikhathi kungahlotshaniswa nokunye ukugula njengokuphazamiseka komzimba noma ukutheleleka okuvela egazini noma kubhaktheriya.

Isifo sokuzivikela komzimba senzeka lapho amasosha akho omzimba ehlasela ingxenye yomzimba wakho. Izimo ezizimele ezingahle zihlotshaniswe ne-uveitis zifaka:

• isifo samathambo
• i-ankylosing spondylitis
• ukhwekhwe
• isifo samathambo
• ukulunywa yizilonda emathunjini
• Isifo seKawasaki
• Isifo sikaCrohn
• sarcoidosis

Ukutheleleka kungenye imbangela ye-uveitis, kufaka phakathi:

• Ingculaza
• i-herpes
• I-CMV retinitis
• Igciwane le-West Nile
• ugcunsula
• toxoplasmosis
• isifo sofuba
• i-histoplasmosis

Ezinye izimbangela ze-uveitis zifaka:

• ukuvezwa ubuthi obungena esweni
• ukulinyazwa
• ukulimala
• ukuhlukumezeka

Kutholakala kanjani i-uveitis?

Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo wamehlo, obizwa nangokuthi yi-ophthalmologist, uzohlola iso lakho futhi athathe umlando ophelele wezempilo.

Bangaphinde ba-oda izivivinyo ezithile zelabhoratri ukukhipha ukutheleleka noma ukuphazamiseka komzimba. Udokotela wakho wezifo zamehlo angakudlulisela komunye uchwepheshe uma esola ukuthi isimo esiyimbangela yakho sidala isifo sakho sokuqaqamba kwesisu.

Izinhlobo ze-uveitis

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-uveitis. Uhlobo ngalunye luhlukaniswa lapho ukuvuvukala kwenzeka khona esweni.

I-Anterior uveitis (ngaphambili kweso)

I-Anterior uveitis ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "iritis" ngoba ithinta iris. I-iris yingxenye enemibala yeso eduze ngaphambili. I-Iritis uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-uveitis futhi luvame ukwenzeka kubantu abaphilile. Kungathinta iso elilodwa, noma kungathinta womabili amehlo ngasikhathi sinye. I-Iritis imvamisa uhlobo olubi kakhulu lwe-uveitis.

I-uveitis ephakathi (phakathi kweso)

I-uveitis ephakathi ibandakanya ingxenye ephakathi yeso futhi ibizwa nangokuthi i-iridocyclitis. Igama elithi “Intermediate” egameni lisho indawo yokuvuvukala hhayi ubunzima besifo. Ingxenye ephakathi yeso ifaka i-pars plana, okuyingxenye yeso phakathi kwe-iris ne-choroid. Lolu hlobo lwe-uveitis lungavela kubantu abaphile kahle, kepha luxhunyaniswe nezinye izifo ezizimele njenge-multiple sclerosis.

I-posterior uveitis (emuva kweso)

I-posterior uveitis nayo ingabizwa ngokuthi i-choroiditis ngoba ithinta i-choroid. Izicubu nemithambo yegazi ye-choroid ibalulekile ngoba iletha igazi ngemuva esweni. Lolu hlobo lwe-uveitis luvame ukwenzeka kubantu abanesifo esivela kwigciwane, i-parasite, noma i-fungus. Kungenzeka futhi kubantu abanesifo esizimele.

I-posterior uveitis ivame ukuba yimbi kakhulu kune-anterior uveitis ngoba ingadala ukubola ku-retina. I-retina ungqimba lwamangqamuzana ngemuva kweso. I-posterior uveitis iyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-uveitis.

I-pan-uveitis (zonke izingxenye zeso)

Lapho ukuvuvukala kuthinta zonke izingxenye ezinkulu zeso, kubizwa nge-pan-uveitis. Imvamisa kufaka inhlanganisela yezimpawu nezimpawu ezivela kuzo zontathu izinhlobo ze-uveitis.

Iphathwa kanjani i-uveitis?

Ukwelashwa kwe-uveitis kuncike kwisizathu kanye nohlobo lwe-uveitis. Imvamisa, iphathwa ngamaconsi wamehlo. Uma i-uveitis ibangelwa esinye isimo, ukwelapha leso simo esingaphansi kungaqeda i-uveitis. Umgomo wokwelashwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala esweni.

Nazi izinketho zokwelashwa ezivamile zohlobo ngalunye lwe-uveitis:

• Ukwelashwa kwe-anterior uveitis, noma i-iritis, kufaka phakathi izingilazi ezimnyama, amaconsi wamehlo ukukhulisa umfundi nokunciphisa izinhlungu, namaconsi wamehlo e-steroid ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala noma ukucasuka.

• Ukwelashwa kwe-posterior uveitis kungafaka i-steroids ethathwe ngomlomo, imijovo ezungeze iso, nokuvakashelwa kochwepheshe abengeziwe ukwelapha ukutheleleka noma isifo se-autoimmune. Ukutheleleka kwegciwane emzimbeni wonke kuvame ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic.

• Ukwelashwa kwe-uveitis ephakathi kuhlanganisa amaconsi e-steroid nama-steroids athathwe ngomlomo.

Izimo ezinzima ze-uveitis zingadinga izidakamizwa ezicindezela amasosha omzimba.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ezivela ku-uveitis

I-uveitis engalashwa ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, kufaka phakathi:

• I-cataract, okuyi-clouding ye-lens noma i-cornea
• uketshezi ku-retina
• i-glaucoma, okucindezela okukhulu esweni
• iqembu le-retinal, okuyisimo esiphuthumayo samehlo
• ukulahleka kombono

Ukubuyiselwa emuva nangemuva kokwelapha

I-Anterior uveitis ngokuvamile izohamba ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngosizo lokwelashwa. I-Uveitis ethinta emuva kweso, noma i-posterior uveitis, ivame ukwelapha kancane kune-uveitis ethinta ngaphambili kweso. Ukubuyela emuva kuvamile.

I-posterior uveitis ngenxa yesinye isimo ingahlala izinyanga futhi ingadala ukulimala okungapheli kombono.

Kungavinjelwa kanjani i-uveitis?

Ukufuna ukwelashwa okufanele kwesifo somzimba noma ukutheleleka kungasiza ukuvimbela i-uveitis. I-Uveitis kubantu abaphile kahle kunzima ukuyivimba ngoba imbangela ayaziwa.

Ukutholwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukunciphisa ubungozi bokulahleka kombono, okungaba unomphela.