Umuthi wokugoma we-Hepatitis A: ukuthatha nini nemiphumela engemihle

-Delile

• Izinkomba zomuthi wokugoma
• Imiphumela emibi engaba khona
• Ngubani ongafanele asebenzise

Umuthi wokugomela i-hepatitis A ukhiqizwa negciwane lingasebenzi futhi livuselele amasosha omzimba ukuthi akhiqize amasosha omzimba alwa negciwane le-hepatitis A, alwe nezifo ezizayo. Ngenxa yokuthi leli gciwane alisebenzi ekubunjweni kwalo, lo muthi wokugoma awunaphikisana futhi unganikezwa izingane, abantu abadala, asebekhulile nabesifazane abakhulelwe.

Ukuphathwa kwalo muthi wokugoma kubhekwa njengokuzikhethela ngoHlelo Lukazwelonke Lokugoma loMnyango Wezempilo, kodwa kunconywa ukuthi izingane kusukela ezinyangeni eziyi-12 kuya phambili zithathe umthamo wokuqala womuthi wokugoma.

I-Hepatitis A yisifo esithathelwanayo esidalwa yigciwane le-hepatitis A eliholela ekubonakaleni kwesimo esimnene nesesikhashana esivezwa yizimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, isikhumba esiphuzi namehlo, umchamo omnyama nomkhuhlane ophansi. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-hepatitis A.

Izinkomba zomuthi wokugoma

Umuthi wokugomela i-hepatitis A uvame ukunconywa ezimeni zokuqubuka noma kokuthintana nabantu abane-hepatitis A, futhi ungathathwa kusukela ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ubudala njengendlela yokuvimbela.

• Ubuntwana: umthamo wokuqala unikezwa ezinyangeni eziyi-12 bese kuthi owesibili ube nezinyanga eziyi-18, ongatholakala emitholampilo yokugoma yangasese. Uma ingane ingakagonywanga ezinyangeni eziyi-12, umthamo owodwa womuthi wokugoma ungathathwa ezinyangeni eziyi-15;
• Izingane, intsha kanye nabantu abadala: umuthi wokugoma ufakwa ngemithamo emibili ngesikhawu sezinyanga eziyisithupha futhi uyatholakala emitholampilo yokugoma yangasese;
• Abadala: umuthi wokugoma unconywa kuphela ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwe-serological ngudokotela noma ngezikhathi zokuqubuka kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo A, esetshenziswa ngemithamo emibili ngekhefu lezinyanga eziyisithupha phakathi kwemithamo;
• Ukukhulelwa: idatha ekusetshenzisweni komuthi wokugoma i-hepatitis A kwabesifazane abakhulelwe inqunyelwe ngakho-ke ukuphathwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akukhuthazwa. Umuthi wokugoma kufanele usetshenziswe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kuphela uma kunesidingo ngempela, nangemva kokuhlolwa ngudokotela kwezingozi nezinzuzo.

Ngaphezu komuthi wokugomela i-hepatitis A kuphela, kukhona nomuthi wokugoma ohlangene wokulwa namagciwane e-hepatitis A no-B, okungenye indlela yabantu abangakagonyelwanga i-hepatitis A no-B, futhi unikezwa ngemithamo emibili kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 iminyaka, ngesikhawu sezinyanga eziyi-6 phakathi kwamanani, futhi ngemithamo emithathu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-16 ubudala, umthamo wesibili unikezwa inyanga engu-1 ngemuva komthamo wokuqala nowesithathu, izinyanga eziyisithupha ngemuva kokuqala.

Imiphumela emibi engaba khona

Imiphumela emibi ehlobene nomuthi wokugoma ayivamile, kepha ukusabela kungenzeka endaweni yokufaka isicelo, njengobuhlungu, ububomvu nokuvuvukala, futhi izimpawu kufanele zinyamalale ngemuva kosuku olungu-1. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuthi wokugoma i-hepatitis A nawo ungadala ikhanda elibuhlungu, ubuhlungu besisu, uhudo, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla, ukuqwasha, ukucasuka, umkhuhlane, ukukhathala ngokweqile nobuhlungu bamalunga.

Ngubani ongafanele asebenzise

Lo muthi wokugoma akufanele unikezwe izingane ezinomlando wokungazwani okweqile kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomuthi wokugoma noma ngemuva kokuphathwa kwangaphambili komuthi onezakhi noma izakhi ezifanayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, akufanele futhi isetshenziswe ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyi-12 noma kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ngaphandle kwesincomo sikadokotela.

Buka le vidiyo elandelayo, ingxoxo phakathi kwesazi sokudla uTatiana Zanin noDkt. Drauzio Varella, bese ucacisa ukungabaza okuthile ngokudluliswa, ukuvinjelwa nokwelashwa kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi: