Yini ukuphefumula okungangenisi umoya, izinhlobo nokuthi kwenzelwa ini

-Delile

• Yenzelwe ini
• Izinhlobo eziyinhloko
• 1. I-CPAP
• 2. IBiPAP
• 3. I-PAV ne-VAPS
• 4. Isigqoko sokuzivikela
• Uma kungakhonjisiwe

Ukuphefumula okungavumelekile, okwaziwa kangcono njenge-NIV, kuqukethe indlela yokusiza umuntu ukuthi aphefumule ngamadivayisi angangeniswanga ohlelweni lokuphefumula, njengoba kunjalo nge-intubation edinga ukuphefumula ngomshini, okubizwa nangokuthi ukuphefumula.ngemishini. Le ndlela isebenza ngokwenza lula ukungena komoya-mpilo ezindleleni zomoya ngenxa yengcindezi yomoya, esetshenziswa ngosizo lwesifihla-buso, esingaba sobuso noma amakhala.

Ngokuvamile, i-pulmonologist incoma ukungena komoya okungeyona into ehlaselayo kubantu abanesifo esingamahlalakhona sokuphazamiseka kwamaphaphu, esibizwa nangokuthi i-COPD, isifuba somoya, i-edema yamaphaphu ngenxa yezinkinga zenhliziyo nokuvinjelwa kwe-apnea syndrome, uhlobo olusetshenziswa kakhulu yi-CPAP.

Ezimweni lapho umuntu enenkinga yokuphefumula, lapho amazinga oksijini ewa egazini noma engaphefumuli, umoya ophansi ongahlaseli awukhonjiswa, futhi kufanele kwenziwe amanye amasu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala komoya-mpilo okwengeziwe.

Yenzelwe ini

Ukuphefumula okungangenisi umoya kusebenza ekuthuthukiseni ukushintshaniswa kwegesi, kusiza ukuphefumula ngokucindezela okukhona ekuvulekeni kwemigwaqo yomoya nokusiza ekuhambeni kwe-inhalation nangaphandle. Le ndlela ingakhonjiswa yi-pulmonologist noma udokotela ojwayelekile futhi yenziwa nge-physiotherapist noma umhlengikazi kubantu abanezimo ezilandelayo:

• Ukwehluleka ukuphefumula;
• Isifo samaphaphu esingapheliyo;
• I-edema yamaphaphu ebangelwa izinkinga zenhliziyo;
• Isifuba Somoya;
• Isifo sengcindezi ephathelene nenkinga yokuphefumula engamahlalakhona;
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula kubantu abangenakuzivikela;
• Iziguli ezingakwazanga ukufakwa ngaphakathi;
• Ukuhlukumezeka Thoracic;
• Inyumoniya.

Isikhathi esiningi, ukungena komoya okungeyona imvelo kusetshenziselwa ukuhlangana nokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa futhi kunezinzuzo zokuba indlela enikeza ubungozi obuncane bokutheleleka, ayidingi ukuthambisa futhi ivumela umuntu ukuthi akhulume, adle futhi akhwehlele ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa imaski. . Njengoba kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kunamamodeli aphathekayo angasetshenziswa ekhaya, njengoba kunjalo nge-CPAP.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko

Izinsiza zokungenisa umoya ezingezona ezokuhlasela zisebenza njengama-ventilator akhipha umoya, okwandisa ingcindezi ezindleleni zomoya, okwenza kube lula ukushintshaniswa kwegesi nezinye izinhlobo kungasetshenziswa ekhaya. Ngokuvamile, lawa madivayisi adinga ukulawulwa okuthile nge-physiotherapy nokucindezelwa kusetshenziswa ngokuya ngesimo sokuphefumula somuntu ngamunye.

Izinhlobo zamadivayisi asetshenziswa ekungeneni komoya okungangenisi umoya zinokuhlangana okuningana, okusho ukuthi, kunamaski ahlukene ukuze ingcindezi yedivayisi isetshenziswe ezindleleni zomoya, njengamakhala, ubuso, imaski yohlobo lwesigqoko, ezibekwa ngqo umlomo. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-NIV yilezi:

1. I-CPAP

I-CPAP wuhlobo lokuphefumula okungangenisi umoya olusebenza ngokufaka ingcindezi eqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokuphefumula, lokhu kusho ukuthi kusetshenziswa ileveli eyodwa kuphela yengcindezi, futhi akunakwenzeka ukulungisa inani lezikhathi umuntu azophefumula ngazo.

Le divayisi ingasetshenziswa ngabantu abalawula ukuphefumula kwabo futhi iyaphikiswa kubantu abanezinguquko zemizwa noma izinkinga zokuphefumula ezenza kube nzima ukulawula ukuphefumula. I-CPAP isetshenziswa kakhulu kubantu abane-apnea yokulala, njengoba ivumela imigwaqo yomoya ukuthi ihlale ivulekile ngaso sonke isikhathi, igcine ukuhamba komoya-mpilo njalo ngesikhathi umuntu elele. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani futhi uyinakekele kanjani i-CPAP.

2. IBiPAP

I-BiPAP, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Bilevel noma i-Biphasic Positive Pressure, ithanda ukuphefumula ngokusebenzisa ingcindezi enhle emazingeni amabili, okungukuthi, isiza umuntu ngesikhathi sesigaba sokuphefumlelwa nokuphelelwa yisikhathi, futhi izinga lokuphefumula lingalawulwa kusukela kwincazelo yokuqala ye-physiotherapist .

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingcindezi ibangelwa umzamo wokuphefumula komuntu bese kuthi, ngosizo lwe-BiPAP, kwenzeke ukugcina ukunyakaza kuphefumula ngokuqhubekayo, kungavumeli umuntu ukuthi ahambe ngaphandle kokuphefumula, kukhonjiswa kakhulu ngamacala okwehluleka ukuphefumula.

3. I-PAV ne-VAPS

I-VAP, eyaziwa njengeProportional Assisted Ventilation, wuhlobo lwedivayisi esetshenziswa kakhulu ezibhedlela kuma-ICU futhi isebenza ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo zokuphefumula komuntu, ngakho-ke ukuhamba komoya, izinga lokuphefumula nengcindezi okukuyo ezindleleni zomoya kuyashintsha ngokuya umzamo womuntu wokuphefumula.

I-VAPS, ebizwa nge-Support Pressure with Guaranteed Volume, wuhlobo lokuphefumula olusetshenziswa nasezibhedlela, olusebenza kumthetho wokucindezelwa udokotela noma i-physiotherapy, ngokwesidingo somuntu lowo. Yize ingasetshenziswa ekungeneni komoya okungangenisi umoya, le divayisi isetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula ukuphefumula kwabantu ekungeneni komoya okuhlaselayo, okungukuthi, okuhlanganisiwe.

4. Isigqoko sokuzivikela

Le divayisi ikhonjisiwe kubantu abaneZifo Ezingapheli Zokuvimbela Amaphaphu, abangena ku-Intensive Care Unit, ngaphezu kokuba yindlela yokuqala kubantu lapho umzila wokungena unzima khona, ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka ebusweni, noma kulabo okungangeneki kubo ukupholisa kuhlelwa isikhathi eside.

Umehluko kwezinye izinhlobo zokuphefumula okungangenisi inhlanhla yokunikeza umoya-mpilo kumuntu ngokushesha okukhulu, ukugwema imiphumela emibi nokukwazi ukunikeza umuntu ukudla.

Uma kungakhonjisiwe

Ukuphefumula okungavumelekile kuyaphikiswa ezimweni lapho umuntu enezimo ezinjengokuboshwa kwenhliziyo, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ebusweni, ukuhlukumezeka nokusha ebusweni, ukuvinjelwa kwemigwaqo yomoya.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kunakekelwe ukusebenzisa le ndlela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, nakubantu abondliwa ngamashubhu, ngokukhuluphala okuxakile, ukukhathazeka, ukukhathazeka kanye ne-claustrophobia, okuyilapho umuntu ezwa khona ukuthi ubambekile nokungakwazi ukuhlala ezindlini . Thola kabanzi mayelana nokuthi i-claustrophobia iphathwa kanjani.