Zingaki Izinhlobo Zezici Zobuso Ezikhona?

-Delile

• Izinhlobo zezici
• Izinduna
• Amapapu
• Amaqhuqhuva
• Izindawo zobudala (izindawo zesibindi)
• Ama-Pustules
• Izinwele ezifakiwe
• Izimpawu zokuzalwa
• I-Melasma
• Umdlavuza wesikhumba
• Ama-cysts
• Izibazi
• Izilonda ezibandayo
• I-Hyperpigmentation
• Yini ebangela izisihla?
• Amagciwane
• Izifo
• Izakhi zofuzo
• Ukuvezwa yilanga
• Ama-pores aminyene
• Ukudla
• Imithi
• Umhlahlandlela wombala we-Blemish
• Okubomvu
• UBrown
• Mnyama
• Mhlophe
• Izithombe zezici
• Ungaziphatha kanjani izisihla
• Imithi yezinduna
• I-salicylic acid
• Ukhilimu we-Hydrocortisone
• Ukuvikelwa kwelanga
• Izinqubo ze-dermatologic ze-hyperpigmentation
• Okhilimu be-hyperpigmentation
• Imikhuba yenhlanzeko enempilo
• Izixazululo zemvelo
• Linga ngokudla
• Lapho uzobona udokotela wakho

Yini amabala?

Isici yinoma yiluphi uhlobo lophawu, ibala, ukushintsha kombala, noma iphutha elivela esikhunjeni. Izici ebusweni zingase zingabukeki kahle nangokomzwelo, kepha eziningi zinobungozi futhi azisongeli impilo. Ezinye izisihla, noma kunjalo, zingakhombisa umdlavuza wesikhumba.

Ukufuna ukwelashwa noma ukusebenzisa amakhambi asekhaya kungasiza ukunciphisa ukubukeka kwezisihla.

Funda ukuze ufunde izinhlobo ezahlukene zezici nokuthi ungaziphatha kanjani.

Izinhlobo zezici

“Isici” igama elibanzi elibhekisela kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lophawu lwesikhumba. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezici.

Izinduna

Izinduna yisimo esivamile. Izinduna zingavela njengo:

• izinduna
• amakhanda amnyama
• amakhanda amhlophe

Izinduna zidalwa lapho i-sebum (uwoyela), amabhaktheriya, noma ukungcola kuvala izintambo zezinwele. Izinduna kwesinye isikhathi zingashiya amabala amnyama, ama-pockmark, noma izibazi esikhunjeni. Lezi futhi ziyizinhlobo zezici.

Izinguquko zeHormonal kucatshangwa ukuthi zidlala indima ekwakheni induna. Ingcindezi nayo ingenza izinduna zibe zimbi ngokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-sebum, yize kungathathwa njengembangela yalesi simo.

Amapapu

Amapapu yizilonda ezincane zesikhumba zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile zizungeze isentimitha elingu-1 ububanzi. Zingahluka ngombala kusuka ku-pink kuya ku-brown. Izinduna kwesinye isikhathi kuthiwa ngama-papules. Amapapu angenzeka ngawodwana noma ngamaqoqo futhi angaba yimuphi umumo. Izibonelo zamaphilisi zifaka:

• ukuqubuka kwenkukhu
• eczema
• isikhumba

I-Psoriasis kanye ne-shingles nayo ingadala ukuthi ama-papules akheke.

Amaqhuqhuva

Amaqhubu yiqoqo lezicubu. Kunzima ukuthinta kukhulu kunama-papules, ngokuvamile ububanzi obungu-1 kuya ku-2 cm. Amaqhuqhuva angenzeka kunoma yiliphi izinga lesikhumba. Zingahluka ngombala kusuka kwithoni yenyama kuya kobomvu. Amathegi esikhumba nezinsumpa yizibonelo zamaqhuqhuva.

Izindawo zobudala (izindawo zesibindi)

Lezi zindawo ezincane, ezimnyama zingakha kunoma iyiphi indawo yomzimba evezwe yilanga. Zivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50, kodwa zingenzeka nakubantu abasha. Izindawo zeminyaka yobudala ziluhlobo lwe-hyperpigmentation.

Ama-Pustules

Ama-pustules angamaqhubu agcwele uketshezi noma ubovu. Ama-Whiteheads namabhamuza ezinkukhu yizinhlobo zama-pustules. Ezinye izimo ezingadala ukwakheka kwama-pustule zifaka phakathi i-scabies ne-rosacea, isimo sesikhumba esivamile esimakwe amabhamuza nemithambo yegazi ebonakalayo.

Izinwele ezifakiwe

Izindlela zokususa izinwele, njengokucwebezela, ukuguqa, noma ukushefa, kwesinye isikhathi kungaholela ezinweleni ezingene ngaphakathi. Lezi yizinwele ezikhula zibuyele esikhunjeni futhi zibhajwe. Lokhu kungadala iqhubu elibomvu ukwakheka. Abantu abanezinwele ezisontekile kungenzeka bathambekele kakhulu ezinweleni ezingafakwanga kunalabo abanezinwele eziqondile.

Izinwele ezifakwe ngaphakathi zingashintsha zibe ama-cysts ezinwele ezinkulu ezigcwele uketshezi. Lezi zingabomvu, ziphuzi, noma zimhlophe ngokubukeka. Bangase bangakhululeki noma babe buhlungu lapho kuthintwa.

Izimpawu zokuzalwa

Izimpawu zokuzalwa zivame ukwenzeka lapho kuzalwa noma ngemuva nje kwalokho. Zingaba ngokubukeka, usayizi, ukuma, nombala. Izimvukuzane namachweba ewayini lembobo yizinhlobo zezimpawu zokuzalwa ezihlala impilo yonke. Ezinye izinhlobo, ezinjenge-hemangiomas nama-salmon patches, zivame ukubuna ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-Melasma

I-Melasma ivame kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Isimo sesikhumba esikhonjwe ngamachashazi ansundu. Kungalethwa ukuvezwa yilanga kanye nezinguquko zehomoni.

Umdlavuza wesikhumba

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza wesikhumba, kufaka phakathi:

• i-basal cell carcinoma
• squamous cell carcinoma
• i-melanoma ebulalayo

Umdlavuza wesikhumba ungaba ngokubukeka nangombala. Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba zibukeka njengezinsumpa ezimnyama ezinemingcele engajwayelekile. Ezinye zibukeka njengotwayi oluphuzi noma izigaxa ezibomvu eziphakanyisiwe. Udokotela wakho kuphela ongasho ngokuqinisekile uma isici sinomdlavuza wesikhumba.

Ama-cysts

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-cysts. Kubandakanya:

• ama-epidermoid cysts
• ama-ganglion cysts
• ama-cyst asebenzayo

Ama-cysts angamasaka angenabungozi (angenalo umdlavuza) aqukethe into, njengoketshezi. Zingahle zivele njengamaqhubu osayizi obuhlukahlukene ngaphakathi noma ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Zivame ukuzungeza.

Izibazi

Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba kwenzeka lapho ungqimba lwe-dermis lonakala. I-dermis ungqimba olujulile lwesikhumba lapho kutholakala khona imithambo yegazi emincane (ama-capillaries), izindlala zomjuluko, izintambo zezinwele, kanye neziphetho zezinzwa. Noma yini ebangela ukuthi isikhumba sivule ingaholela ekuqhamukeni, njengesilonda noma izinduna eziqubukayo.

Izilonda ezibandayo

Uhlobo lwegciwane i-herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) lidala izilonda ezibandayo. Angamabhalisha agcwele uketshezi atholakala emlonyeni noma eduze komlomo. Zingahle zilume noma zibangele ukuzwa ukuzwa. Lapho amabhamuza evuleka futhi evuza, kuqhuma uqweqwe obomvu noma ophuzi uze uphole.

I-Hyperpigmentation

Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-melanin kungadala ithoni yesikhumba engalingani noma amabala amnyama. Izimbangela ze-hyperpigmentation zifaka:

• ukushiswa yilanga
• izinduna
• izinguquko ze-hormonal, njengesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Yini ebangela izisihla?

Amagciwane

Ezinye izici, njengezilonda ezibandayo, zibangelwa amagciwane, njenge-HSV-1. Igciwane le-varicella-zoster (VZV) libanga ingxibongo.

Izifo

Izinhlobo ezithile zezifo zesikhumba zingadala ukugqashuka esikhunjeni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-malassezia folliculitis (i-fungal acne), ukutheleleka kuzintambo zezinwele. Lesi simo sidalwa ukugcwala kwemvubelo futhi kudala ama-pustules.

Izakhi zofuzo

Izinduna zingaba nesixhumanisi sezofuzo. Izimo ezithile zofuzo nazo zingadala ukuthi kube nezici. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Isifo se-Darier. Kwakha amanxeba anjengezintsimbi esikhunjeni anamafutha, anuka kamnandi, futhi alula ukuthintwa.
• Uhlobo lwabantu abadala 3 GM1 gangliosidosis. Lesi yisimo esingajwayelekile, esivela efeni esidala ukuthi kube nezici ezingezona umdlavuza esifubeni esiphansi.
• Isifo se-Fabry. Lesi yisifo esizuzwe njengefa esibandakanya ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Amaqoqo amancane amnyama, amabala abomvu uphawu.

Ukuvezwa yilanga

Ukuvezwa ngokweqile emisebeni yelanga eyi-ultraviolet (UV) A no-B kungadala umdlavuza wesikhumba, i-hyperpigmentation, nezinye izinhlobo zokulimala kwesikhumba.

Ama-pores aminyene

Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kukawoyela yizindlala ezibusayo kungadala izisihla. Izinguquko zeHormonal zivame ukudala lokhu kukhiqizwa ngokweqile, njengokuthomba. Uwoyela omningi ungahlangana namaseli esikhumba afile, ukungcola noma amabhaktheriya. Lokhu kubangela izinduna, ama-pustules, ama-blackheads nama-whiteheads ukwakha.

Ama-pores angavaleka kusuka emikhiqizweni, enjengezimonyo, i-sunscreen, noma ama-moisturizers. Bheka imikhiqizo enelebula njenge-noncomedogenic. Lezi zenzelwe ukungavimbeli izimbotshana.

Imikhiqizo ekhanda izinwele nayo ingavimba ama-pores uma ingena ebusweni bakho.

Ubuthi bemvelo, njengokungcola, ukuqeda imoto, nokungcola, kungahlala esikhunjeni sakho, kuhlangane namafutha, kuvimbe izimbobo. Ungadlulisela futhi ukungcola namagciwane ebusweni bakho ngokuthinta ubuso bakho ngezandla zakho.

Ukudla

Okudlayo kungaba nomthelela esikhunjeni sakho. Ukungezwani komzimba nokudla okuthinta i-dermatitis kungadala ukucasuka kwesikhumba kanye namaqhubu. Imikhiqizo yobisi, njengobisi olunamafutha, kungenzeka kwabanye abantu. Ukudla okunoshukela omningi nama-carbohydrate alula nakho kungaholela ezinsikeni.

Imithi

Eminye imishanguzo kadokotela kanye ne-over-the-counter (OTC) ingadala induna njengomphumela wecala. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ama-corticosteroids
• i-androgenic steroids
• lithium
• imishanguzo yokulwa nezidakamizwa

Umhlahlandlela wombala we-Blemish

Umbala wezici zakho ungahlinzeka ngemikhondo mayelana nembangela yazo.

Okubomvu

Izinhlobo eziningi zezici zibonakala zibomvu esikhunjeni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• izinduna
• pustules
• rosacea
• ukusabela okweqile
• izinwele ezingenayo
• izilonda ezibandayo

Izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza wesikhumba nazo zingabukeka zibomvu ngombala.

UBrown

Umdlavuza wesikhumba, njenge-melanoma ebulalayo, ungabukeka ube nsundu noma ube mnyama. Ezinye izimpawu zokuzalwa kanye ne-hyperpigmentation kungaba nsundu. I-Melasma ibangela amabala ansundu noma ansundu esikhunjeni.

Mnyama

I-melanoma ebulalayo iveza njengesici esinombala omnyama. AmaBlackheads kungenzeka azungezwe i-halo ebomvu noma avele nje njengamachashazi amnyama, aphakanyisiwe.

Mhlophe

Ama-Whiteheads nezinhlobo ezithile zezifo zesikhunta avela njengezici ezimhlophe.

Izithombe zezici

Ungaziphatha kanjani izisihla

Ukwelashwa kufanele kunqunywe imbangela yesici. Uma isici sakho siba sibi kakhulu nganoma iyiphi indlela yokwelashwa, yeka ukuyisebenzisa bese ukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

Imithi yezinduna

Kunemikhiqizo eminingi ye-OTC engasiza ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda izinduna, ama-whiteheads, nama-blackheads. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uzame eziningana ngaphambi kokuthola ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izikhuhla ebusweni, ama-astringents, nama-gel ezihloko. Uma induna yakho ingaziphenduli izixazululo ze-OTC, udokotela wakho angakunikeza ama-antibiotic omlomo noma imishanguzo.

I-salicylic acid

Imikhiqizo equkethe i-salicylic acid ingasiza ekuvuleni ama-pores.

Ukhilimu we-Hydrocortisone

Ama-topical cream anganciphisa ukusabela okweqile kanye nokucasuka. Zingasiza futhi ekunciphiseni izinwele ezingenile. Uma welapha izinwele ezifakiwe, qiniseka ukuthi uyeka ukusebenzisa amasu okususa izinwele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Ukuvikelwa kwelanga

Isikrini selanga, izingubo ezivikela ilanga, izibuko zelanga, nezigqoko kunciphisa ukuvezwa kwakho emisebeni ye-UVA ne-UVB. Lokhu kungasiza ukuvikela isikhumba sakho ekulimaleni okwengeziwe.

Izinqubo ze-dermatologic ze-hyperpigmentation

Kunezinqubo eziningi ezingasusa amabala weminyaka. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• umabhebhana
• ukwelashwa kwe-laser
• amakhemikhali amakhemikhali
• i-cryotherapy

Okhilimu be-hyperpigmentation

Okhilimu abanikezwa i-hydroquinone bangasiza ekukhanyiseni amabala eminyaka yobudala, isibazi sezinduna ne-melasma. Zisebenza ngokunciphisa ijubane ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin.

Imikhuba yenhlanzeko enempilo

Ukuhlanzwa njalo kobuso bakho, umzimba nezinwele kungasiza ekuqedeni uwoyela omningi, ukungcola kanye namagciwane esikhunjeni. Kodwa ungadluli kukho. Ungaqhubeka ucasule isikhumba sakho ngokuhlanzwa okuningi.

Izixazululo zemvelo

Izilonda ezingabangelwa yizimo zezempilo ezingaphansi kwazo zingelashwa ngamakhambi asekhaya. Lokhu kungafaka:

• umthakathi hazel
• aloe vera
• uviniga we-apula cider

Linga ngokudla

Ukugcina idayari yokudla kungakusiza ukukhomba noma yikuphi ukudla okungenzeka kukubangele ukuthi uphume. Zama ukukhipha ukudla okukodwa ngesikhathi izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Ukudla ukudla okunamavithamini C no-E amaningi isikhumba sakho siphilile.

Lapho uzobona udokotela wakho

Ama-Blemishes kwesinye isikhathi angakhombisa isimo esibi esidinga ukuvakashelwa kumhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Izici nazo zingaholela ekucasukeni ngokomzwelo, ikakhulukazi uma ziba yisimo esingelapheki.

Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho nganoma isiphi isici:

• izinguquko ngosayizi noma umbala
• iqala ukopha
• inemingcele engajwayelekile

Lokhu kungaba yizimpawu zomdlavuza wesikhumba.

Uma izisihla zakho zibangelwa igciwane, njengezilonda ezibandayo noma ingxibongo, udokotela angasiza ekululameni ngokushesha ngokunikeza noma ngokuncoma ukwelashwa.

Amapapu, amaqhuqhuva nama-pustule kungaba izimpawu ezibuhlungu zokutheleleka kwesikhumba. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza ama-antibiotics omlomo noma ama-topical kanye nezinye izinhlobo zemithi, njengama-topical retinoids.

Uma unezici ezibangelwa yizinwele ezifakiwe ezingaphenduli ekwelashweni kwasekhaya, udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuhlanza indawo, akhulule izinwele futhi aqede isici.