Konke Odinga Ukukwazi Mayelana Nokuhlinzwa Kweso Kwe-LASIK

-Delile

• Kuyini ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo kwe-LASIK?
• Uyini umlando wokuhlinzwa kwamehlo kwe-LASIK?
• Uyilungiselela kanjani i-LASIK?
• Ngubani ofanelekela i-LASIK (futhi ngubani ongafaneleki)?
• Kunjani ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa kweso le-LASIK?
• Buyekeza kwe-

Sekucishe kube amashumi amabili eminyaka kusukela lapho i-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ivume ukuhlinzwa kweso kwe-LASIK. Kusukela lapho, cishe abantu abayizigidi eziyi-10 basebenzise ithuba lokuhlinzwa okucija umbono. Noma kunjalo, abanye abaningi besaba ukungena ngaphansi kommese-kanye nemiphumela engemihle engase ibe khona yenqubo yokulaliswa esibhedlela.

"I-LASIK iyindlela yokuhlinzwa eqondile. Ngayenza mina ngokwami ​​eminyakeni engaba ngu-20 edlule, futhi ngihlinze amalungu omndeni amaningi, kuhlanganise nomfowethu," kusho uKarl Stonecipher, MD, umngane womtholampilo we-ophthalmology eNyuvesi yaseNorth Carolina kanye nezokwelapha. umqondisi we-TLC Laser Eye Centers eGreensboro, NC.

Kungabonakala njenge-godsend, kepha ngaphambi kokufaka ontanga yakho ngenqubo, funda lo mhlahlandlela wokuvula amehlo ku-LASIK.

Kuyini ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo kwe-LASIK?

Ukhathele ukuthembela ezingilazini noma koxhumana nabo ukuze ubone ngokucijile? (Noma awufuni ukukhathazeka ngokuthola othintana naye ebhajwe esweni lakho iminyaka engama-28?)

"I-LASIK, noma 'i-laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis,' ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa kakhulu nge-laser ukwelapha ukubona kude, ukubona kude, kanye ne-astigmatism," kusho uSamuel D. Pierce, OD, umongameli wamanje we-American Optometric Association (AOA) kanye udokotela osebenza ngamehlo e-Trussville, AL. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, iningi labantu elithole ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo kwe-LASIK lihlala embonweni ka-20/40 (izinga izifundazwe eziningi ezidinga ukushayela ngaphandle kwamalensi okulungisa) noma okungcono, usho kanjalo.

Ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo kweLASIK kuyinqubo yezingxenye ezimbili, kuchaza uDkt. Stonecipher.

1. Udokotela ohlinzayo usika i-flap encane kusuka ungqimba oluphezulu lwe-cornea (isembozo esicacile ngaphambili kweso esigoba ukukhanya njengoba singena esweni).

2. Udokotela ohlinzayo ulungisa kabusha i-cornea nge-laser (ukuze ukukhanya okungena esweni kugxile ngokunembile kwi-retina ukuze kutholakale umbono oqonde ngokwengeziwe).

   
   

Nakuba ungase ube endaweni yokuhlinza ihora noma ngaphezulu, uzoba setafuleni lokusebenza imizuzu engu-15 kuphela, kusho uDkt. Pierce. "I-LASIK yenziwa nge-anesthetic ye-topical futhi odokotela abaningi abahlinzayo bazonikeza i-ejenti yomlomo ukuze iphumule isiguli." (Okusho ukuthi, yebo, uphapheme, kodwa ngeke uzwe noma yikuphi kwalokhu kusikwa nokucwaswa.)

Amalaser asetshenziswa ku-LASIK ayinkimbinkimbi ngendlela emangalisayo, futhi asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokulandelela obufanayo obusetshenziswa yi-NASA ukumisa izikebhe e-International Space Station, kusho u-Eric Donnenfeld, MD, uprofesa wezokwelapha wamehlo eNyuvesi yaseNew York kanye nozakwethu ongumsunguli we-Ophthalmic Consultants yaseLong Island. Garden City, NY.

"Ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe buvikela iziguli engozini futhi buqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo ihambisana nohlelo," kusho uDkt. Donnenfeld. Akukho ukuhlinzwa okusebenza ngamaphesenti ayi-100, kepha izilinganiso zikhombisa ukuthi amaphesenti angama-95 kuya kuma-98.8 amaphesenti eziguli ayajabula ngemiphumela.

"Amaphesenti ayisithupha kuya kwayishumi eziguli angadinga inqubo eyengeziwe, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi isithuthukisi. Iziguli ezilindele ukubona kahle ngaphandle kwezingilazi noma oxhumana nabo zingadumala," kusho uDkt. Pierce. (PS Ubuwazi ukuthi ungadla futhi ukuze ube nempilo yamehlo engcono?)

Uyini umlando wokuhlinzwa kwamehlo kwe-LASIK?

"I-radial keratotomy, inqubo ebandakanya ukwenza ukusikeka okuncane kwe-cornea, yaziwa kakhulu ngawo-1980 njengendlela yokulungisa ukubona eduze," kusho u-Inna Ozerov, M.D., udokotela wezifo zamehlo eMiami Eye Institute eHollywood, FL.

Lapho iKremer Excimer Laser yethulwa ngo-1988 njengethuluzi lezinjongo zebhayoloji (hhayi nje amakhompyutha), inqubekela phambili yokuhlinzwa kwamehlo yakhula ngokushesha. I-patent yokuqala ye-LASIK yanikezwa ngo-1989. Futhi ngo-1994, odokotela abaningi abahlinzayo babenza i-LASIK "njengenqubo engekho ilebula," ngokusho kukaDkt. Stonecipher, noma benza inqubo ngaphambi kokugunyazwa okusemthethweni.

"Ngo-2001, i-LASIK noma i-IntraLase 'engenacala' yamukelwa. Kule nqubo, kusetshenziswa i-laser esheshayo njengombani esikhundleni se-microblade ukwenza i-flap," kusho uDkt Ozerov. Ngenkathi i-LASIK yendabuko ishesha kancane, i-LASIK engenasici ngokuvamile ikhiqiza ama-cornea flaps angashintshi. Kunobuhle nobubi kubo bobabili, futhi odokotela bakhetha inketho engcono kakhulu ngesisekelo sesiguli-nge-isiguli.

Uyilungiselela kanjani i-LASIK?

Okokuqala, lungisa isikhwama sakho semali: Izindleko ezijwayelekile ze-LASIK e-U.S. Ngo-2017 kwakungu- $ 2,088 ngeso ngalinye, ngokusho kombiko we-All About Vision. Ngemuva kwalokho, thola ezomphakathi futhi uhlolwe.

"Khuluma nodokotela wamehlo wakho futhi ukhulume nabangane bakho. Izigidi zabantu zibe ne-LASIK, ngakho-ke ungabezwa okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo siqu," kusho uLouis Probst, M.D., umqondisi wezokwelapha kuzwelonke kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo we-TLC Laser Eye Centres ngaphesheya kweMidwest. "Ungamane uye esikhungweni se-laser esishibhe kakhulu. Unesethi eyodwa yamehlo, ngakho yenza ucwaningo lwakho mayelana nezikhungo ezingcono kakhulu ezinodokotela abahamba phambili."

UDkt. Pierce wenanela leyo mizwelo: “Iziguli kufanele ziqaphele labo abathembisa noma abaqinisekisa umphumela ophelele noma abanikeza amanani entengo ephansi ngengxoxo encane noma engenawo nhlobo yokunakekelwa kokulandelela noma imiphumela engemihle engase ibe khona.”

Uma ufika kudokotela futhi unquma ukuqhubekela phambili, ukuhlola kubalulekile ukubona ukuthi unaso yini isizathu sokwelashwa ukweqa i-LASIK, kusho uDkt. Stonecipher.

"Manje sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokufunda obujulile nobuhlakani bokufakelwa kwi-ophthalmology ukwenza ngcono ukubheka izinto ezithinta iso ezingakhipha imiphumela esezingeni eliphansi ngokulungiswa kombono we-laser-futhi sibone imiphumela emangalisayo," eqhubeka.

Ngobusuku bangaphambi kokuhlinzwa, zihlose ukuthola ubusuku obuhle bokulala futhi ugweme utshwala noma yimiphi imithi engomisa amehlo akho. Udokotela wakho kufanele akuchaze ukuthi udinga kanjani ukulungisa noma yimiphi imishanguzo nokusetshenziswa kwamalensi wokuxhumana okuholela ku-LASIK. (Okuhlobene: Okudingeka Ukwazi Ngokucindezelwa Kwamehlo Nge-Digital)

Ngubani ofanelekela i-LASIK (futhi ngubani ongafaneleki)?

"Abaqokelwe i-LASIK badinga ukuba neso eliphilile nobukhulu obujwayelekile be-corneal kanye nama-scan," kusho uDkt. Probst. Ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela enhle kwabaningi abane-myopia [ukubona eduze], i-astigmatism [ijika elingavamile esweni], ne-hyperopia [ukubona kude], usho kanjalo. "Balinganiselwa ku-80 wamaphesenti abantu abangenele ukhetho."

Uma kudingeke ukuthi uthole othintana nabo noma izibuko ezinamandla unyaka nonyaka, kungadingeka ukuthi ulinde: Umuthi kadokotela wakho udinga ukuhlala uzinzile okungenani iminyaka emibili ngaphambi kweLASIK, kunezela uDkt. Donnenfeld.

Ungahle uthande ukugwema ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo kwe-LASIK uma unomlando walezi zimo, ngokusho kukaDkt. U-Ozerov noDonnenfeld:

• Izifo ze-Corneal
• Izibazi ze-Corneal
• Amehlo amaphakathi kuya kome kakhulu
• I-Keratoconus (isifo sokuzalwa esibangela ukuncipha kwe-cornea okuqhubekayo)
• Izifo ezithile ze-autoimmune (njenge-lupus noma i-rheumatoid arthritis)

"I-AOA incoma ukuthi abazongenela i-LASIK babe neminyaka engu-18 noma ngaphezulu, bephilile kahle jikelele, benombono ozinzile, futhi kungabi khona okungajwayelekile kwe-cornea noma iso langaphandle," kusho uDkt Pierce. "Iziguli ezinesithakazelo kunoma yikuphi ukuguqulwa kwe-corneal kufanele ziqale zihlolwe amehlo ochwepheshe ngudokotela we-optometry ukuze ahlole impilo yamehlo azo futhi anqume izidingo zabo zombono." (Yo, bewazi ukuthi nawe kufanele usebenzise amehlo akho?)

Kunjani ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa kweso le-LASIK?

“Ukululama kwe-LASIK kuyashesha ngokumangalisayo,” kusho uDkt. Probst. "Unethezekile futhi ubona kahle ngemuva kwamahora amane nje uqashiwe. Kuzomele uqikelele amehlo akho isonto elilodwa ukuze aphole kahle."

Ngenkathi okunye ukungakhululeki kuyinto ejwayelekile phakathi namahora okuqala angama-24 (ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zokuqala ezinhlanu ze-post-LASIK), ingahle ilawulwe ngaphezulu kokuqeda izinhlungu ekhawuntareni, kusho uDkt Donnenfeld. Futhi, amaconsi wamehlo anqunyiwe angasiza ukugcina amehlo akho enethezekile, avimbele ukutheleleka, futhi athuthukise ukwelashwa. Hlela ukuthatha usuku lwakho lokuhlinzwa kanye nosuku olulandelayo ukuze uphumule.

Ukuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kudinga ukulandelwa nodokotela wakho cishe amahora angama-24 ngemuva kwenqubo. Ngemuva kwalokho, uzothola ukukhanya okuluhlaza ukuze ubuyele emisebenzini ejwayelekile yansuku zonke. Kungenzeka ahlele ukuhambela okulandelayo isonto elilodwa, inyanga eyodwa, izinyanga ezintathu, izinyanga eziyisithupha, nonyaka owodwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

"Ngemuva kosuku lokuqala noma kunjalo, iziguli zingaba nemiphumela emibi yesikhashana njengengxenye yenqubo yokuphulukisa, kufaka phakathi ama-halos azungeze amehlo akho ebusuku, ukudwengula amehlo, amajwabu amehlo akhukhumezayo, nokuzwela ekukhanyeni. Lokhu konke kufanele kunciphe kungapheli isonto, kodwa isikhathi sokuphulukiswa singahlala izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha, lapho iziguli zinezikhathi ezimbalwa zokulandelwa ukuze udokotela wazo akwazi ukuqapha inqubekela phambili yazo, "kusho uDkt. Donnenfeld.

Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi uke wezwa ngomphumela ongaseceleni ongandile nowesabekayo wokuhlinzwa kwe-LASIK kwamehlo, njengalapho isazi sezulu saseDetroit uJessica Starr esineminyaka engu-35 ubudala sashona ngokuzibulala ngenkathi elulama kule nqubo. Wayene-LASIK ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule futhi wayevumile ukuthi "ubhekene nobunzima kancane" ngemuva kwalokho. Ukuzibulala kuka-Starr akukona kuphela okuye kwabuzwa njengokungaba umphumela we-LASIK; noma kunjalo, akucaci ngokuphelele ukuthi kungani noma ngabe i-LASIK ibambe iqhaza kunoma yikuphi kwalokhu kufa. Ukulwa nobunzima noma izinkinga zombono ngemuva kwenqubo (noma iyiphi inqubo ehlaselayo, yalolo daba) kungenzeka kungakhathazi. Odokotela abaningi bakhomba inani elikhulu lezinqubo eziphumelelayo njengesizathu sokungakhathazeki nganoma iyiphi yalezi zimo ezingazodwa nezingaqondakali.

"Ukuzibulala kuyinkinga eyinkimbinkimbi yezempilo yengqondo, futhi ukuthi abezindaba baxhumanise i-LASIK nokuzibulala akwenzi ngendlela, futhi kuyingozi impela," kusho uDkt Ozerov. "Iziguli kufanele zizizwe zikhululekile ukubuyela kudokotela wazo ohlinzayo uma zibhekana nobunzima lapho zilulama. Okujabulisayo ukuthi iziguli eziningi zizolulama futhi zizoba nomphumela ophumelelayo."

Buyekeza kwe-