I-Hepatitis D (umenzeli we-Delta)

I-Hepatitis D igciwane lesandulela ngculaza elibangelwa igciwane le-hepatitis D (elalibizwa nge-ejenti ye-Delta ngaphambili). Kubangela izimpawu kuphela kubantu abanesifo se-hepatitis B.

Igciwane le-Hepatitis D (HDV) litholakala kuphela kubantu abaphethe igciwane le-hepatitis B. I-HDV ingenza isifo sesibindi sibe sibi kakhulu kubantu abane-hepatitis B. esanda kwenzeka (noma) noma yesikhathi eside (engapheli) Ingadala nezimpawu kubantu abaphethe igciwane le-hepatitis B kodwa abangakaze babe nezimpawu.

I-Hepatitis D ithelela abantu ababalelwa ezigidini eziyi-15 emhlabeni jikelele. Kwenzeka kubantu abambalwa abaphethe i-hepatitis B.

Izici zobungozi zifaka:

• Ukusebenzisa kabi imithambo yegazi (IV) noma umjovo
• Ukutheleleka ngenkathi ukhulelwe (umama angalidlulisela enganeni)
• Ukuthwala igciwane lesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B
• Abesilisa abaya ocansini namanye amadoda
• Ukuthola ukumpontshelwa igazi okuningi

I-Hepatitis D ingenza izimpawu ze-hepatitis B zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Umchamo onombala omnyama
• Ukukhathala
• I-jaundice
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla
• Isicanucanu
• Ukuhlanza

Ungadinga izivivinyo ezilandelayo:

• I-anti-hepatitis D antibody
• I-biopsy yesibindi
• Ama-enzyme wesibindi (ukuhlolwa kwegazi)

Imithi eminingi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-hepatitis B ayisizi ekwelapheni i-hepatitis D.

Ungathola umuthi obizwa nge-alpha interferon izinyanga ezingafika kwezingu-12 uma unesifo sesikhathi eside se-HDV. Ukufakelwa kwesibindi se-hepatitis B engapheli kungasebenza.

Abantu abanesifo esibi se-HDV bavame ukuba ngcono ngaphezu kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu. Amazinga e-enzyme yesibindi abuyela kokujwayelekile kungapheli amasonto ayi-16.

Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayishumi kulabo abathelelekile angakhula ukuvuvukala kwesibindi (hepatitis) okuhlala isikhathi eside (okungapheli).

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• I-hepatitis esebenzayo engapheli
• Ukwehluleka okukhulu kwesibindi

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma unezimpawu zesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B.

Izinyathelo zokuvikela lesi simo zifaka:

• Thola futhi welaphe ukutheleleka kwesibindi kohlobo B ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukusiza ukuvimbela i-hepatitis D.
• Gwema ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa (IV). Uma usebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-IV, gwema ukwabelana ngezinaliti.
• Gomela i-hepatitis B.

Abantu abadala abasengozini enkulu yokutheleleka nge-hepatitis B futhi zonke izingane kufanele zithole lo mgomo. Uma ungatholi i-Hepatitis B, awukwazi ukuthola i-Hepatitis D.

Umenzeli we-Delta

• Igciwane le-Hepatitis B

I-Alves VAF. I-hepatitis enamandla yegciwane. Ku: Saxena R, ed. I-Hepatic Pathology Esebenzayo: Indlela Yokuxilonga. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 13.

ULandaverde C, uPerrillo R. Hepatitis D. Ku: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, abakwa-eds. Sleisenger kanye neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 81.

Thio CL, Hawkins C. Igciwane le-Hepatitis B kanye ne-hepatitis delta virus. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, uHlelo Olubuyekeziwe. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 148.