I-hyperthyroidism eyiqiniso

I-hyperthyroidism eyiqiniso iphakeme kune-evamile amazinga e-thyroid egazini nasezimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi i-hyperthyroidism. Kwenzeka ngokuthatha umuthi omningi wehomoni yegilo.

I-Hyperthyroidism yaziwa nangokuthi i-thyroid engasebenzi ngokweqile.

Indlala yegilo ikhiqiza amahomoni i-thyroxine (T4) ne-triiodothyronine (T3). Ezimweni eziningi ze-hyperthyroidism, indlala yegilo uqobo ikhiqiza kakhulu lawa mahomoni.

I-Hyperthyroidism nayo ingabangelwa ukuthatha umuthi omningi we-hormone ye-thyroid ye-hypothyroidism. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-factistic hyperthyroidism. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ngoba umthamo obekiwe wemithi ye-hormone uphezulu kakhulu, ubizwa ngokuthi iatrogenic, noma eyenziwe ngudokotela, i-hyperthyroidism. Lokhu kuvamile. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kwenziwa ngamabomu (kwezinye iziguli ezinengcindezi noma umdlavuza wegilo), kepha imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka ngoba umthamo awulungiswa ngokuya ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okulandelwayo.

I-hyperthyroidism enengqondo ingenzeka futhi lapho umuntu ethatha i-hormone yegilo eningi kakhulu ngenhloso. Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. Laba kungaba ngabantu:

• Obani abanezinkinga zengqondo ezifana neMunchausen syndrome
• Obani abazama ukunciphisa umzimba
• Obani abalashelwa ukudangala noma ukungabi nenzalo
• Ngubani ofuna ukuthola imali enkampanini yomshuwalense

Izingane zingaphuza amaphilisi e-hormone yegilo ngengozi.

Izimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism ezinamaqiniso ziyefana nalezi ze-hyperthyroidism ezibangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwendlala yegilo, ngaphandle kokuthi:

• Asikho isifo sokuvuvukala. Indlala yegilo ivame ukuba ncane.
• Amehlo awaphumi, njengoba enza eGraves isifo (uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-hyperthyroidism).
• Isikhumba esingaphezu kwesikhumba asikhuzi, njengoba kwesinye isikhathi senza kubantu abanezifo ze-Graves.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-hyperthyroidism eneqiniso kufaka phakathi:

• Mahhala T4
• I-Thyroglobulin
• Ingqikithi ye-T3
• Ingqikithi ye-T4
• I-TSH

Olunye uvivinyo olungenziwa lubandakanya ukuthathwa kwe-iodine enemisebe noma i-ultrasound ye-thyroid.

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokutshela ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha i-hormone yegilo. Uma udinga ukuyithatha, umhlinzeki wakho uzonciphisa umthamo.

Kufanele uphinde uhlolwe emavikini amabili kuya kwamane ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi izimpawu nezimpawu sezihambile. Lokhu futhi kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Abantu abane-Munchausen syndrome bazodinga ukwelashwa kwengqondo nokulandelwa.

I-hyperthyroidism enesibindi izosula yodwa lapho uyeka ukuthatha noma ukwehlisa umthamo wehomoni yegilo.

Lapho i-hyperthyroidism eneqiniso ihlala isikhathi eside, izinkinga ezifanayo njenge-hyperthyroidism engalashwa noma engaphathwa kahle ingavela:

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile (i-atrial fibrillation)
• Ukukhathazeka
• Ubuhlungu besifuba (angina)
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukulahleka kwamathambo (uma kunzima, i-osteoporosis)
• Ukwehla kwesisindo
• Ukungabi nenzalo
• Izinkinga zokulala

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho uma unezimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism.

Ihomoni ye-thyroid kufanele ithathwe kuphela ngemithi kadokotela nangaphansi kokuqondisa komhlinzeki. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo kuyadingeka ukusiza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi alungise umthamo owuthathayo.

I-thyrotoxicosis eyiqiniso; I-Thyrotoxicosis factitia; I-Thyrotoxicosis medicamentosa; I-hyperthyroxinemia eyiqiniso

• Indlala yegilo

IHollenberg A, iWiersinga WM. Izinkinga ze-Hyperthyroid. Ku: Melmed S, Auchus, RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, abahleli. Incwadi kaWilliams ye-Endocrinology. Umhlaka 14. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 12.

UKopp P. Ukusebenza ngokuzimela kwamaqhuqhuva we-thyroid nezinye izimbangela ze-thyrotoxicosis. Ku: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, abahleli. I-Endocrinology: Eyabantu Abadala Neyengane. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 85.