Ukuthatha imithi yokwelapha isifo sofuba

Isifo sofuba (i-TB) isifo esithathelwanayo sebhaktheriya esifaka phakathi amaphaphu, kodwa singadlulela kwezinye izitho. Inhloso yokwelashwa ukwelapha ukutheleleka ngemithi elwa namagciwane e-TB.

Ungaba nokutheleleka nge-TB kodwa ungabi naso isifo noma izimpawu ezisebenzayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amagciwane e-TB ahlala engasebenzi (alele) endaweni encane yamaphaphu akho. Lolu hlobo lokutheleleka lungaba khona iminyaka futhi lubizwa nge-TB efihlekile. Nge-TB efihlekile:

• Awukwazi ukusabalalisa i-TB kwabanye abantu.
• Kwabanye abantu, amabhaktheriya angasebenza. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ungagula, bese udlulisela amagciwane e-TB komunye umuntu.
• Noma ungazizwa ugula, udinga ukuthatha imithi yokwelapha i-TB equbisile izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezi-9. Le ukuphela kwendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi onke amabhaktheriya e-TB asemzimbeni wakho ayabulawa futhi awutholi ukutheleleka okusebenzayo esikhathini esizayo.

Lapho une-TB enamandla, ungazizwa ugula noma ukhwehlela, ulahlekelwe isisindo, uzizwe ukhathele, noma uphathwe umkhuhlane noma ujuluke ebusuku. Nge-TB esebenzayo:

• Ungadlulisela i-TB kubantu abaseduze kwakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abantu ohlala nabo, osebenza nabo, noma oxhumana nabo kakhulu.
• Udinga ukuphuza imithi eminingi ye-TB okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha ukuqeda umzimba wakho kubhaktheriya le-TB. Kufanele uqale ukuzizwa ungcono kungakapheli nenyanga uqala imithi.
• Emavikini amabili kuya kwamane okuqala ngemuva kokuqala imithi, kungadingeka uhlale ekhaya ukugwema ukusabalalisa i-TB kwabanye. Buza umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuthi KULUNGILE yini ukuba phakathi kwabantu.
• Umhlinzeki wakho kudingeka ngokomthetho ukuthi abike i-TB yakho emnyangweni wezempilo womphakathi wangakini.

Buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi abantu ohlala nabo noma osebenza nabo kufanele yini bahlolwe i-TB.

Amagciwane e-TB afa kancane kakhulu. Udinga ukuphuza amaphilisi ahlukahlukene ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zosuku izinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu. Ukuphela kwendlela yokukhipha amagciwane ukuthatha imithi yakho ye-TB ngendlela umhlinzeki wakho ayalele ngayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthatha yonke imithi yakho nsuku zonke.

Uma ungayiphuzi imishanguzo yakho ye-TB ngendlela efanele, noma yeka ukuyiphuza ngokushesha:

• Ukutheleleka kwakho nge-TB kungaba kubi kakhulu.
• Ukutheleleka kwakho kungaba nzima ukwelapha. Izidakamizwa oziphuzayo kungenzeka zingabe zisasebenza. Lokhu kubizwa nge-TB engazweli emithini.
• Ungahle udinge ukuthatha eminye imithi edala imiphumela emibi kakhulu futhi engakwazi ukususa isifo.
• Ungasabalalisa ukutheleleka kwabanye.

Uma umhlinzeki wakho ekhathazekile ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi awuyiphuzi yonke imithi njengokuyalelwa, bangahlela ukuthi umuntu othile ahlangane nawe nsuku zonke noma amahlandla ambalwa ngesonto azokubuka uphuza imishanguzo yakho ye-TB. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa okubhekwe ngqo.

Abesifazane okungenzeka bakhulelwe, abakhulelwe, noma abancelisayo kufanele bakhulume nomhlinzeki wabo ngaphambi kokuthatha le mithi. Uma usebenzisa amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi ingabe imithi yakho ye-TB ingenza amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha angasebenzi kahle yini.

Abantu abaningi abanayo imiphumela emibi kakhulu emibi evela emithini ye-TB. Izinkinga okufanele uziqaphele futhi utshele umhlinzeki wakho mayelana zifaka:

• Achy amalunga
• Ukuqubuka noma ukopha kalula
• Imfiva
• Ukudla okubi, noma ukungathandi ukudla
• Ukugcoba noma ukuqaqamba ezinzwaneni zakho, eminweni, noma emlonyeni wakho
• Ukucasula isisu, isicanucanu noma ukugabha, nesifo sobuhlungu besisu noma ubuhlungu
• Isikhumba esiphuzi noma amehlo
• Umchamo umbala wetiye noma owolintshi (umchamo owolintshi ujwayelekile kweminye yemithi)

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma une:

• Noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi ebhalwe ngenhla
• Izimpawu ezintsha ze-TB esebenzayo, njengokukhwehlela, umkhuhlane noma ukujuluka ebusuku, ukuphefumula okuncane, noma ubuhlungu esifubeni

Isifo sofuba - imithi; I-DOT; Ukwelashwa okubhekwe ngqo; I-TB - imithi

U-Ellner JJ, uJacobson KR. Isifo sofuba. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 308.

IHopewell PC, uKato-Maeda M, u-Ernst JD. Isifo sofuba. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 35.

• Isifo sofuba