Yini i-hypokalemia, izimpawu, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-hypokalemia
• Izimbangela eziyinhloko
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-Hypokalaemia, ebizwa nangokuthi yi-hypokalemia, yisimo lapho kutholakala inani eliphansi le-potassium egazini, elingadala ubuthakathaka bemisipha, amajaqamba nezinguquko ekushayweni kwenhliziyo, ngokwesibonelo, okungenzeka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwama-laxatives, ukuhlanza kaningi noma ngenxa yokusebenzisa umuthi othile.

I-Potassium i-electrolyte engatholakala kalula ekudleni okuhlukahlukene, njengobhanana, imbewu yamathanga, ijusi le-orange kanye ne-izaqathe, ngokwesibonelo, futhi kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwemisipha nokudluliswa kwemizwa yezinzwa. Ukugxila okuphansi kwale electrolyte egazini kungadala ezinye izimpawu futhi kuholele emiphumeleni yesikhathi eside, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi i-hypokalemia ikhonjwe futhi iphathwe kahle ngokuyalelwa ngudokotela. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-potassium.

Izimpawu ze-hypokalemia

Ukwehla kwenani le-potassium egazini kungaholela ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu nezimpawu ezithile, ngoba le electrolyte ibalulekile emisebenzini eminingana emzimbeni. Izimpawu zingahluka kusuka komuntu kuya komuntu futhi futhi ngokusho kobukhulu be-hypokalemia, noma kunjalo, ngokuvamile, izimpawu eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Amajaqamba;
• Ukuncipha kwemisipha ngokuzibandakanya;
• Ubuthakathaka njalo;
• Kunzima ukuphefumula;
• Shintsha ekushayeni kwenhliziyo;
• Ukukhubazeka, ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu.

Inani elijwayelekile le-potassium egazini liphakathi kuka-3.5 mEq / L no-5.5 mEq / L, futhi lingahluka phakathi kwamalabhorethri. Ngakho-ke, inani elingaphansi kuka-3.5 mEq / L libonisa i-hypokalemia.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko

Izimbangela eziyinhloko eziholela ekwehleni kwe-potassium egazini yilezi:

• Ukuhlanza nokuhuda, okuyizimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokwehla kwe-potassium egazini ngenxa yokulahleka ngomgudu wamathumbu;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile, njenge-insulin, i-salbutamol ne-theophylline, ngokwesibonelo, njengoba zikhuthaza ukungena kwe-potassium kumaseli, ngokuncipha kokugxila kwayo egazini;
• I-Hyperthyroidism, lapho kukhona futhi ukufuduka kwe-potassium kumaseli;
• Ukuguqulwa kwezindlala ze-adrenal, okuholela ekwandeni kokukhiqizwa kwe-aldosterone, okuyi-hormone elawula ibhalansi phakathi kwe-sodium ne-potassium futhi okuthi lapho iphakanyisiwe ikhethe ukuqedwa kwe-potassium emchameni, okuholela ku-hypokalemia;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwama-laxatives njalo, ngoba kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwama-electrolyte futhi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungadala izinkinga zezinso nezenhliziyo;
• Isifo sikaCushing, okuyisifo esenzeka ngenxa yokwanda kokuhlushwa kwe-cortisol egazini futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kune-potassium ekhishwa kakhulu emchameni, ibangele i-hypokalemia.

Ukushoda kwe-potassium egazini kuyaqabukela kuhlobene nokudla, ngoba ukudla okuningi okudliwayo nsuku zonke kunenani elanele le-potassium. Yazi ukudla okunothe nge-potassium.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hypokalemia kwenziwa ngesilinganiso se-potassium egazini nasemchameni, ngaphezu kwe-electrocardiogram, ngoba kungaba nezinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo. Kubalulekile ukuthi i-hypokalemia ikhonjwe futhi yelashwe kahle, ngoba ukugxila okuphansi kakhulu kwe-potassium egazini kungaholela ekukhubazekeni kwemisipha nasekuhlulekeni kwezinso, ngokwesibonelo, futhi lesi simo sibi kakhulu kubantu abanezinkinga zenhliziyo.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-potassium ephansi egazini kwenziwa ngokuya ngembangela ye-hypokalemia, izimpawu ezethulwe ngumuntu kanye nokuhlushwa kwe-potassium egazini. Isikhathi esiningi, udokotela ojwayelekile uncoma ukusetshenziswa kwesengezo somlomo se-potassium, okufanele sisetshenziswe ngemithamo emincane ngesikhathi sokudla ukugwema ukucasuka kohlelo lwesisu.

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, okuyilapho i-potassium concentration ilingana noma ingaphansi kuka-2.0 mEq / L, kunconywa ukufaka i-potassium ngqo emthanjeni ukuze amazinga ale electrolyte alawulwe ngokushesha okukhulu. I-Potassium nayo ikhonjiswa ngqo emthanjeni lapho kunezinguquko ezinkulu kakhulu ekushayeni kwenhliziyo noma lapho kusetshenziswa izithako zomlomo, izinga le-potassium liyaqhubeka nokuhla.