Isifo sikashukela esiphakathi

Isifo sikashukela esiphakathi i-insipidus yisimo esingajwayelekile esifaka ukoma ngokweqile nokuchama ngokweqile.

Isifo sikashukela i-insipidus (DI) yisimo esingajwayelekile lapho izinso zingakwazi ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwamanzi. I-DI yisifo esihlukile kunesifo sikashukela, yize bobabili babelana ngezimpawu ezivamile zokuchama ngokweqile nokoma.

Isifo sikashukela esiphakathi i-insipidus uhlobo lwe-DI olwenzeka lapho umzimba unenani eliphansi kunejwayelekile le-antidiuretic hormone (ADH). I-ADH ibizwa nangokuthi i-vasopressin. I-ADH ikhiqizwa engxenyeni yobuchopho ebizwa nge-hypothalamus. I-ADH ibese igcinwa futhi ikhishwe kwindlala ye-pituitary. Lena indlala encane ezansi kobuchopho.

I-ADH ilawula inani lamanzi akhishwe emchameni. Ngaphandle kwe-ADH, izinso azisebenzi kahle ukugcina amanzi anele emzimbeni. Umphumela uba ukulahleka okusheshayo kwamanzi emzimbeni ngesimo somchamo ohlanjululwayo. Lokhu kubangela isidingo sokuphuza amanzi amaningi ngenxa yokoma ngokweqile nokwenza ukuvala amanzi ngokweqile emchameni (amalitha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-15 ngosuku).

Izinga elincishisiwe le-ADH lingabangelwa ukulimala kwe-hypothalamus noma i-pituitary gland. Lo monakalo kungenzeka ngenxa yokuhlinzwa, ukutheleleka, ukuvuvukala, isimila noma ukulimala ebuchosheni.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-insipidus yesifo sikashukela emaphakathi ibangelwa inkinga yofuzo.

Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela esiphakathi i-insipidus zifaka:

• Ukukhiqizwa komchamo okwandisiwe
• Ukoma ngokweqile
• Ukudideka nezinguquko ekuxwayeni ngenxa yokwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni nangaphezulu kwezinga le-sodium ejwayelekile emzimbeni, uma umuntu engakwazi ukuphuza

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzobuza ngomlando nezimpawu zakho zezokwelapha.

Izivivinyo ezinga-odwa zifaka:

• I-sodium ne-osmolarity yegazi
• Inselelo ye-Desmopressin (DDAVP)
• I-MRI yekhanda
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo
• Ukuhlushwa komchamo
• Ukukhishwa komchamo

Kuzolashwa imbangela yesimo esingaphansi.

IVasopressin (desmopressin, DDAVP) inikezwa njengokufafaza amakhala, amaphilisi, noma imijovo. Lokhu kulawula ukuphuma komchamo kanye nokulinganisela koketshezi futhi kuvimbela ukoma.

Ezimweni ezimnene, ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kungaba yikho kuphela okudingekayo. Uma ukulawula ukoma komzimba kungasebenzi (ngokwesibonelo, uma i-hypothalamus yonakele), incwadi kadokotela yenani elithile lokungeniswa kwamanzi nayo ingadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufuthwa okufanele.

Umphumela uncike embangela. Uma welashwa, isifo sikashukela esiphakathi nendawo i-insipidus ngokuvamile asibangeli izinkinga ezinzima noma siholele ekufeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ukungaphuzi uketshezi olwanele kungaholela ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni nokungalingani kwe-electrolyte.

Lapho uthatha i-vasopressin futhi ukulawula ukoma komzimba wakho akujwayelekile, ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi kunalokho okudingwa ngumzimba wakho kungadala ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte okuyingozi.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma uthuthukisa izimpawu zesifo sikashukela esiphakathi.

Uma unesifo sikashukela esiphakathi, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho uma uchama kaningi noma ukoma ngokweqile kubuya.

Amacala amaningi kungenzeka angavinjelwa. Ukwelashwa ngokushesha kwezifo, izimila nokulimala kunganciphisa ingozi.

Isifo sikashukela insipidus - maphakathi; I-neurogenic diabetes insipidus

• Ukukhiqizwa kwehypothalamus hormone

UBrimioulle S. Isifo sikashukela insipidus. Ku: Vincent JL, Abraham E, Moore FA, Kochanek PM, Fink MP, ama-eds. Incwadi Yokunakekelwa Okubalulekile. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 150.

UGiustina A, uFrara S, uSpina A, uMortini P. I-hypothalamus. Ku: Melmed S, ed. I-Pituitary. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 9.

UMoritz ML, u-Ayus JC. Isifo sikashukela insipidus kanye ne-syndrome engafanele ye-antidiuretic hormone. Ku: Singh AK, Williams GH, ama-eds. Incwadi Yezincwadi yeNephro-Endocrinology. Okwesibili.IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 8.