Umfutho wegazi ophezulu obulalayo

Umfutho wegazi ophezulu obulalayo umfutho wegazi ophakeme kakhulu ofika ngokuzuma futhi ngokushesha.

Lesi sifo sithinta inani elincane labantu abane-high blood pressure, okubandakanya izingane nabantu abadala. Kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala abasebasha, ikakhulukazi abesilisa base-Afrika baseMelika.

Kuyenzeka futhi kubantu abane:

• Izinkinga ze-Collagen vascular (njenge-systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, ne-periarteritis nodosa)
• Izinkinga zezinso
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu okhulelwe (i-toxemia)

Usengozini enkulu yokuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme uma ubhema futhi ngabe uke:

• Ukuhluleka kwezinso
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu we-renal obangelwa yi-renal artery stenosis

Izimpawu ze-hypertension ebulalayo zifaka:

• Ukubona okufiphele
• Shintsha esimweni sengqondo, njengokukhathazeka, ukudideka, ukwehla kokuqwashisa, ukunciphisa amandla okugxila, ukukhathala, ukungahlaliseki, ukulala, noma ukulala
• Ubuhlungu besifuba (umuzwa wokuchoboza noma ukucindezela)
• Khwehlela
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• Ubuntofontofo bezingalo, imilenze, ubuso, noma ezinye izindawo
• Ukuphuma komchamo
• Ukudlikiza
• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Ubuthakathaka bezingalo, imilenze, ubuso, noma ezinye izindawo

Umfutho wegazi ophezulu obulalayo yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kuvame ukukhombisa:

• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme kakhulu
• Ukuvuvukala emilenzeni nasezinyaweni ezingezansi
• Inhliziyo engajwayelekile izwakala futhi iyamanzi emaphashini
• Izinguquko ekucabangeni, ekuzweleni, nasekucabangeni

Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo kuzoveza ushintsho olukhombisa umfutho wegazi ophezulu, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukopha kwe-retina (ingxenye engemuva kweso)
• Ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi ku-retina
• Ukuvuvukala kwemizwa ye-optic
• Ezinye izinkinga nge-retina

Ukuhlolwa kokuthola ukulimala kwezinso kungafaka:

• Ukuhlaziywa kwegesi yegazi
• I-BUN (i-nitrogen yegazi)
• I-Creatinine
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo
• Izinso ultrasound

I-x-ray yesifuba ingakhombisa ukuminyana emaphashini nasenhliziyweni ekhulisiwe.

Lesi sifo singathinta nemiphumela yalezi zivivinyo:

• Izinga le-aldosterone (i-hormone evela ku-adrenal gland)
• Ama-enzyme enhliziyo (izimpawu zomonakalo wenhliziyo)
• I-CT scan yobuchopho
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG)
• Izinga likaRenin
• Izidumbu ze-Urinary

Uzodinga ukuhlala esibhedlela kuze kube yilapho ulawulwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Uzothola imishanguzo ngomthambo (IV) ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi.

Uma kukhona uketshezi emaphashini akho, uzonikezwa imithi ebizwa nge-diuretics, esiza umzimba ukuthi ususe uketshezi. Udokotela wakho angakunika imithi yokuvikela inhliziyo yakho uma unezimpawu zokulimala kwenhliziyo.

Ngemuva kokuthi umfutho wegazi ophakeme kakhulu ulawulwa, imishanguzo yegazi ethathwe ngomlomo ingalawula umfutho wegazi. Umuthi wakho ungadinga ukushintshwa kwesinye isikhathi. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme kungaba nzima ukuwulawula.

Izinhlelo eziningi zomzimba zisengozini enkulu ngenxa yokwenyuka ngokweqile kwengcindezi yegazi. Izitho ezibandakanya ubuchopho, amehlo, imithambo yegazi, inhliziyo, nezinso zingalimala.

Imithambo yegazi yezinso kungenzeka ukuthi ilimale umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ukuhluleka kwezinso kungakhula, okungahlala unomphela. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ungadinga i-dialysis (umshini osusa imfucuza egazini).

Uma welashwa khona manjalo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme ungalawulwa ngaphandle kokubangela izinkinga ezihlala njalo. Uma ingelashwa ngokushesha, ingabulala.

Lezi zinkinga zingenzeka:

• Ukulimala kobuchopho (isifo sohlangothi, ukuquleka)
• Ukulimala kwenhliziyo, kufaka phakathi: isifo senhliziyo, i-angina (ubuhlungu besifuba ngenxa yemithambo yegazi enciphile noma imisipha yenhliziyo ebuthakathaka), ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo
• Ukuhluleka kwezinso
• Ubumpumputhe obungapheli
• Uketshezi emaphashini

Iya egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo noma ushayele inombolo yakho yendawo ephuthumayo (efana ne-911) uma unezimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esingasongela impilo.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma wazi ukuthi awulawule kahle umfutho wegazi ophakeme.

Uma unengcindezi ephezulu yegazi, qapha ngokucophelela umfutho wegazi lakho bese uphuza imithi yakho ngendlela efanele ukusiza ukunciphisa ubungozi. Yidla ukudla okunempilo okungenawo usawoti omningi namafutha.

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme; I-Arteriolar nephrosclerosis; I-Nephrosclerosis - i-arteriolar; Umfutho wegazi ophezulu - mubi; Umfutho wegazi ophakeme - mubi

• Izinso ezinomfutho wegazi ophezulu

IBansal S, iLinas SL. Inkinga yomfutho wegazi ophezulu: ukuphuthumayo nokuphuthuma. Ku: Vincent JL, Abraham E, Moore FA, Kochanek PM, Fink MP, ama-eds. Incwadi Yokunakekelwa Okubalulekile. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 87.

I-Greco BA, Umanath K.Ukuphakama komfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nephropathy ye-ischemic. Ku: Feehally J, Floege J, Tonelli M, Johnson RJ, abahleli. I-Nephrology Yomtholampilo Ephelele. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 41.

UKaynar AM. Ukuchazwa kwegesi emithanjeni yegazi. Ku: Vincent JL, Abraham E, Moore FA, Kochanek PM, Fink MP, ama-eds. Incwadi Yokunakekelwa Okubalulekile. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 36.

Levy PD, Brody A.Umfutho wegazi ophezulu. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 74.