Isifo seLegionnaire

Isifo seLegionnaire ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu kanye nemigwaqo yomoya. Kubangelwa Legionella amagciwane.

Amagciwane abanga isifo seLegionnaire atholakele ezinhlelweni zokulethwa kwamanzi. Bangaphila ezinhlelweni ezifudumele, ezinomswakamo womoya wezakhiwo ezinkulu, ezibandakanya izibhedlela.

Izimo eziningi zibangelwa amagciwane Legionella pneumophila. Amanye amacala abangelwa amanye Legionella izinhlobo.

Ukusabalala kwamagciwane kusuka kumuntu kuye komuntu akukaze kufakazelwe.

Ukutheleleka okuningi kwenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi nendawo noma asebekhulile. Ezimweni ezingavamile, izingane zingathola ukutheleleka. Uma benza, lesi sifo asibi kakhulu.

Izici zobungozi zifaka:

• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala
• Ukubhema ugwayi
• Izifo ezingalapheki, njengokuhluleka kwezinso noma isifo sikashukela
• Isifo samaphaphu sesikhathi eside (esingapheli), njengeCOPD
• Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside komshini wokuphefumula (umshini wokuphefumula)
• Imithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba, kufaka phakathi i-chemotherapy kanye nezidakamizwa ze-steroid
• Ukuguga

Izimpawu zivame ukuba zimbi phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala ezi-4 kuye kwezi-6. Zivame ukuthuthuka kwezinye izinsuku ezi-4 kuye kwezingu-5.

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukungakhululeki okuvamile, ukulahlekelwa amandla, noma ukugula (malaise)
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Umkhuhlane, ukuzamazama kwamakhaza
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene, ubuhlungu bemisipha nokuqina
• Ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula okuncane
• Ukukhwehlela okungakhiqizi isikhwehlela esiningi noma amafinyila (ukukhwehlela owomile)
• Ukukhwehlela igazi (akuvamile)
• Uhudo, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, nobuhlungu besisu

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba. Imisindo engajwayelekile, ebizwa ngama-crackles, ingazwakala lapho kulalelwa isifuba nge-stethoscope.

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Imithambo yegazi yegazi
• Amasiko egazi ukukhomba amagciwane
• I-Bronchoscopy ukubuka imigwaqo yomoya nokuthola isifo samaphaphu
• I-x-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan
• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (CBC), kufaka phakathi ukubalwa kwamaseli amhlophe egazi
• I-ESR (sed rate) ukubheka ukuthi kungakanani ukuvuvukala okusemzimbeni
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lesibindi
• Ukuhlolwa namasiko esikhwehlelweni ukukhomba amagciwane eLegionella
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo ukuhlola Legionella pneumophila amagciwane
• Ukuhlolwa kwamangqamuzana nge-polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Ama-antibiotic asetshenziselwa ukulwa nokutheleleka. Ukwelashwa kuqala ngokushesha lapho kusolwa isifo seLegionnaire, ngaphandle kokulinda imiphumela yanoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwelebhu.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zingabandakanya ukwamukela:

• Uketshezi ngomthambo (IV)
• Oxygen, enikezwa ngomaski noma ngomshini wokuphefumula
• Imithi ephefumulelwa ukudambisa ukuphefumula
  
  

Isifo seLegionnaire singasongela impilo. Ingozi yokufa iphezulu kubantu:

• Iba nezifo zesikhathi eside (ezingamahlalakhona)
• Ukutheleleka ngenkathi usesibhedlela
• Ngabantu abadala asebekhulile

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho ngokushesha uma unanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenkinga yokuphefumula futhi ucabanga ukuthi unezimpawu zesifo seLegionnaire.

Inyumoniya yeLegionella; Umkhuhlane wePontiac; ILegionellosis; Legionella pneumophila

• I-pneumonia kubantu abadala - ukukhipha

• Isifo seLegionnaire - umzimba weLegionella

U-Edelstein PH, uRoy CR. Isifo seLegionnaires nomkhuhlane wePontiac. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, uHlelo Olubuyekeziwe. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 234.

UMarrie TJ. Legionella izifo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 314.