I-Strongyloidiasis

IStrongyloidiasis yigciwane lesibungu esiyindilinga IStrongyloides stercoralis (S stercoralis).

S stercoralis yisibungu esiyindilinga esivame kakhulu ezindaweni ezifudumele, ezinomswakama. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ingatholakala kude nenyakatho neCanada.

Abantu babamba ukutheleleka lapho isikhumba sabo sihlangana nenhlabathi engcoliswe yizibungu.

Isibungu esincane asibonakali ngamehlo enyama. Izikelemu ezincane zingadlula esikhunjeni somuntu futhi ekugcineni zingene egazini ziye emaphashini nasemigwaqweni yomoya.

Zibe sezinyukela emphinjeni, lapho zigwinywa khona esiswini. Kusukela esiswini, izibungu zihambela emathunjini amancane, lapho zinamathela khona odongeni lwamathumbu. Kamuva, zikhiqiza amaqanda, aqanduselwa kwizibungu ezincane (izibungu ezingavuthiwe) bese zidlula emzimbeni.

Ngokungafani nezinye izibungu, lezi zibungu zingaphinda zingene emzimbeni ngesikhumba esiseduze ne-anus, esivumela ukuthi ukutheleleka kukhule. Izindawo lapho izibungu zidlula khona esikhunjeni zingaba bomvu futhi zibe buhlungu.

Lokhu ukutheleleka akuvamile e-United States, kepha kwenzeka eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-US. Izimo eziningi eNyakatho Melika zilethwa abahambi abavakashele noma abahlala eNingizimu Melika noma e-Afrika.

Abanye abantu basengozini yohlobo olunzima olubizwa nge-strongyloidiasis hyperinfection syndrome. Kuleli fomu lesimo, kunezibungu eziningi futhi zanda ngokushesha okukhulu kunokujwayelekile. Kungenzeka kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abantu abebenesitho somzimba noma umkhiqizo wegazi, nalabo abathatha umuthi we-steroid noma izidakamizwa ezicindezela izivikeli mzimba.

Isikhathi esiningi, azikho izimpawu. Uma kunezimpawu, zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu besisu (phezulu esiswini)
• Khwehlela
• Uhudo
• I-Rash
• Izindawo ezibomvu ezifana nezidleke eduze kwendunu
• Ukuhlanza
• Ukwehla kwesisindo

Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kungenziwa:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi njengokubala okuphelele kwegazi ngokuhluka, isibalo se-eosinophil (uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe), ukuhlolwa kwe-antigen S stercoralis
• Isifiso se-duodenal (ukususa inani elincane lezicubu engxenyeni yokuqala yamathumbu amancane) ukulihlola S stercoralis (akuvamile)
• Isiko lezikhwehlela ozozihlola S stercoralis
• Isampula yokuhlolwa kwesampula ongayihlola S stercoralis

Inhloso yokwelashwa ukuqeda izikelemu ezinemithi elwa nezibungu, njenge-ivermectin noma i-albendazole.

Kwesinye isikhathi, abantu abangenazo izimpawu bayelashwa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abantu abathatha imishanguzo ecindezela amasosha omzimba, njengalabo abazofakelwa, noma asebenakho ukufakelwa.

Ngokulashwa okufanele, izibungu zingabulawa futhi kulindeleke ukululama okugcwele. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukwelashwa kudinga ukuphindwa.

Ukutheleleka okunzima (i-hyperinfection syndrome) noma okusabalale ezindaweni eziningi zomzimba (ukutheleleka okusakazwayo) kuvame ukuba nomphumela omubi, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona zifaka:

• Kusatshalaliswe i-strongyloidiasis, ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-HIV noma amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka ngenye indlela
• IStrongyloidiasis hyperinfection syndrome, ebuye ivame kakhulu kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka
• I-pneumonia ye-eosinophilic
• Ukungondleki kahle ngenxa yezinkinga zokumunca izakhi zomzimba emathunjini

Shayela i-aphoyintimenti nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma unezimpawu ze-strongyloidiasis.

Ukuhlanzeka komuntu siqu kunganciphisa ubungozi be-strongyloidiasis. Izinsizakalo zezempilo zomphakathi nezindawo zangasese zinikeza ukulawula okuhle kokutheleleka.

Amagciwane emathunjini - i-strongyloidiasis; Isibungu esiyindilinga - strongyloidiasis

• IStrongyloidiasis, ukuqhuma okuqhamukayo ngemuva
• Izitho zohlelo lokugaya ukudla

UBogitsh BJ, uCarter CE, u-Oeltmann TN. Ama-nematodes emathunjini. Ku: Bogitsh BJ, Carter CE, Oeltmann TN, eds. I-Parasitology Yabantu. Umhlaka 5. I-Waltham, MA: I-Elsevier Academic Press; 2019: isahluko 16.

UMejia R, Isimo Sezulu J, uHotez PJ. Ama-nematodes emathunjini (ama-roundworms). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 286.