Ukusiza ingane yakho ngengcindezi

Ukucindezeleka kwentsha yakho kungaphathwa ngokwelashwa kokukhuluma, ngemithi elwa nokudana, noma ngokuhlanganiswa kwalokhu. Funda ngalokho okutholakalayo nokuthi yini ongayenza ekhaya ukusiza ingane yakho.

Wena, ingane yakho, kanye nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo kufanele nixoxe ngalokho okungasiza ingane yakho kakhulu. Izindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu zokucindezeleka yilezi:

• Ukwelashwa kokukhuluma
• Imithi elwa nokudangala

Uma ingane yakho ingaba nenkinga ngezidakamizwa noma utshwala, xoxa ngalokhu nomhlinzeki.

Uma ingane yakho icindezeleke kakhulu noma isengozini yokuzibulala, ingane yakho ingadinga ukuhlala esibhedlela ukuze ithole ukwelashwa.

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho ngokuthola umelaphi wengane yakho.

• Iningi lentsha enokudangala liyazuza ngohlobo oluthile lokwelashwa kokukhuluma.
• Ukwelashwa kokukhuluma kuyindawo enhle yokukhuluma ngemizwa nokukhathazeka kwabo, nokufunda izindlela zokubhekana nabo. Ingane yakho ingafunda ukuqonda izindaba ezingadala ukuziphatha kwazo, imicabango noma imizwa yazo.
• Ingane yakho izodinga ukubona umelaphi okungenani kanye ngesonto ukuqala.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokwelashwa kokukhuluma, njenge:

• Ukwelashwa kwengqondo-yokuziphatha kufundisa ingane yakho ukucabanga ngemicabango emibi. Ingane yakho izokwazi kakhulu izimpawu zayo, futhi izofunda ukuthi yini eyenza ukucindezeleka kwayo kube kubi kakhulu namakhono wokuxazulula izinkinga.
• Ukwelashwa komndeni kuyasiza lapho izingxabano zomndeni zinomthelela ekucindezelekeni. Ukwesekwa okuvela emndenini noma kothisha kungasiza ezinkingeni zesikole.
• Ukwelashwa kweqembu kungasiza intsha ukuthi ifunde kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabanye abanenkinga efanayo yezinkinga.

Buza inkampani yakho yomshuwalense wezempilo ukubona ukuthi izokwenzani.

Wena, ingane yakho, nomhlinzeki wakho kufanele nixoxe ngokuthi umuthi olwa nokudangala ungayisiza yini ingane yakho. Imithi ibaluleke kakhulu uma ingane yakho icindezeleke kakhulu. Kulezi zimo, ukwelashwa kokukhuluma kukodwa ngeke kusebenze kahle.

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthi lowo muthi uzosiza, umhlinzeki wakho ngokunokwenzeka uzokunikeza uhlobo lomuthi olwa nokudangala obizwa ngokuthi i-serotonin reuptake inhibitor ekhethiwe (SSRI) yengane yakho.

Imithi emibili ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-SSRI yi-fluoxetine (Prozac) ne-escitalopram (Lexapro). Lokhu kuvunyelwe ukwelapha ukucindezeleka kwentsha. I-Prozac nayo ivunyelwe izingane ezineminyaka engu-8 nangaphezulu.

Elinye ikilasi lama-anti-depressants, elibizwa ngama-tricyclics, alivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwentsha.

Kunezingozi nemiphumela emibi ngokuthatha imishanguzo yokucindezela. Umhlinzeki wakho wentsha angasiza ukuphatha le miphumela emibi. Esibalweni esincane sentsha, le mithi ingabenza bacindezeleke kakhulu futhi ibanikeze nemicabango yokuzibulala. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, wena noma ingane yakho kufanele nikhulume nomhlinzeki ngokushesha.

Uma wena, ingane yakho kanye nomhlinzeki wakho ninquma ukuthi ingane yakho izothatha i-anti-depressant, qiniseka ukuthi:

• Uyinika isikhathi sokusebenza. Ukuthola umuthi ofanele nomthamo kungathatha isikhathi. Kungathatha amasonto ama-4 kuye kwayi-8 ukuthi asebenze ngokugcwele.
• Udokotela wezifo zengqondo noma omunye udokotela owelapha ukucindezeleka kwentsha ubheke imiphumela engemihle.
• Wena nabanye abanakekeli nibheka ingane yenu ukuthola imicabango yokuzibulala noma indlela yokuziphatha, kanye nokwesaba, ukucasuka, imood, noma ukulala okuya kuba kubi kakhulu. Thola usizo lwezokwelapha ngalezi zimpawu ngokushesha.
• Ingane yakho ayeki ukuthatha i-anti-depressant eyedwa. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wentsha yakho kuqala. Uma ingane yakho inquma ukuyeka ukuthatha i-anti-depressant, ingane yakho ingayalwa ukuba yehlise umthamo kancane ngaphambi kokuyeka ngokuphelele.
• Gcina ingane yakho izokhuluma ngokwelashwa.
• Uma ingane yakho icindezelekile ekwindla noma ebusika, buza udokotela wakho mayelana nokwelashwa okulula. Isebenzisa isibani esikhethekile esisebenza njengelanga futhi esingasiza ngokudangala.

Qhubeka ukhulume nengane yakho.

• Banikeze ukusekelwa kwakho. Yazisa ingane yakho ukuthi uyilungele.
• Lalela. Zama ukunganikezi izeluleko eziningi futhi ungazami ukukhuluma nengane yakho ngenxa yokuthi icindezelekile. Zama ukungagcini ingane yakho ngemibuzo noma ngezifundo. Intsha ivame ukucisha ngaleyo ndlela.

Siza noma usekele ingane yakho ngemikhuba yansuku zonke. Ungakwazi:

• Hlela impilo yakho yomndeni ukusiza ingane yakho ukuba ilale ngokwanele.
• Dala ukudla okunempilo komndeni wakho.
• Nikeza izikhumbuzo zakho ezithambile ingane yakho ukuthi iphuze imithi yayo.
• Bheka izimpawu zokuthi ukucindezeleka kuya ngokuya kuba kubi. Yiba nohlelo uma lwenzeka.
• Khuthaza ingane yakho ukuthi ijime kakhulu futhi yenze izinto ezithandayo.
• Khuluma nengane yakho mayelana notshwala nezidakamizwa. Yazisa ingane yakho ukuthi utshwala nezidakamizwa kwenza ukucindezeleka kubhebhethekise isikhathi esengeziwe.

Gcina ikhaya lakho liphephile entsheni.

• UNGABUGCI utshwala ekhaya, noma ubugcine bukhiyiwe ngokuvikelekile.
• Uma ingane yakho icindezelekile, kungcono ukususa noma iziphi izibhamu ekhaya. Uma ubona ukuthi kufanele ube nesibhamu, khiya zonke izibhamu bese ugcina izinhlamvu zihlukile.
• Khiya yonke imithi kadokotela.
• Yenza uhlelo lokuphepha lokuthi ingane yakho izizwa ikhululekile ukukhuluma nobani uma ifuna ukuzibulala futhi idinga usizo oluphuthumayo.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho khona manjalo uma ubona izimpawu zokuzibulala. Ukuze uthole usizo ngokushesha, iya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze noma ushayele inombolo yendawo ephuthumayo (njenge-911).

Ungashayela futhi i-National Suicide Prevention Lifeline ku-1-800-273-8255 (1-800-273-TALK), lapho ungathola khona ukwesekwa kwamahhala nokuyimfihlo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi emini noma ebusuku.

Izimpawu zokuxwayisa ngokuzibulala zifaka:

• Ukunikeza impahla kude
• Ukushintsha kobuntu
• Ukuziphatha okubeka engcupheni
• Usongo lokuzibulala noma uhlela ukuzilimaza
• Ukuhoxa, ukunxanela ukuba wedwa, ukuhlala wedwa

Ukudana kwentsha - ukusiza; Ukucindezeleka kwentsha - ukwelashwa kokukhuluma; Ukudana kwentsha - umuthi

I-American Psychiatric Association. Ukucindezeleka okukhulu. Incwajana Yokuhlola Nezibalo Yezinkinga Zengqondo: DSM-5. Umhlaka 5. I-Arlington, VA: Ukushicilelwa Kwe-Psychiatric yaseMelika; 2013: 160-168.

I-Bostic JQ, i-Prince JB, i-Buxton DC. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwengane nentsha. Ku: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, ama-eds. IMassachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 69.

National Institute of Mental Health iwebhusayithi. Impilo yengqondo yengane nentsha. www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/child-and-adolescent-mental-health/index.shtml. Kufinyelelwe ngoFebhuwari 12, 2019.

Siu AL; I-US Preventive Services Task Force. Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi ezinganeni nasebusheni: Isitatimende sezincomo se-US Preventive Services Task Force. U-Ann Intern Med. 2016; 164 (5): 360-366. I-PMID: 26858097 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26858097.

• Ukucindezeleka Kwentsha
• Impilo Yengqondo Yentsha